使用 FluentValidation 验证集合，为属性返回一个失败的规则错误

Question

我刚开始使用 FluentValidation v9.x，想知道如何验证集合中的规则。

基本上如果我有一个物质集合

public class Substance
{
  public int? SubstanceId { get; set; }
  public string SubstanceName { get; set; }
  public decimal? SubstanceAmount { get; set; }
  public int? SubstanceUnitId { get; set; }
  public int? SubstanceRouteId { get; set; }
  public DateTimeOffset? SubstanceTime { get; set; }
}

我想验证一下：

如果 SubstanceAmount 和 SubstanceUnitId 有值，并且
如果 SubstanceRouteId 有一个值，并且
如果 SubstanceTime 有一个值在任何物质项目上。

如果规则失败，我希望针对每条规则发回一条错误消息，而不是针对每种物质，这就是现在发生的以下情况：

RuleForEach(x => x.SubstanceList).SetValidator(new SubstanceValidator(RuleSetsToApply));

public class SubstanceValidator : AbstractValidator<Substance>
{
  public SubstanceValidator(List<ValidationRule> RuleSetsToApply)
  {
    string ruleSetName = "SubstanceAmountUnit";
    RuleSet(ruleSetName, () => {
      RuleFor(x => x.SubstanceAmount).NotNull().NotEmpty();
      RuleFor(x => x.SubstanceUnitId).NotNull().NotEmpty().GreaterThan(0);
    });

    ruleSetName = "SubstanceIngestion";
    RuleSet(ruleSetName, () => {
      RuleFor(x => x.SubstanceTime).NotNull().NotEmpty();
    });

    ruleSetName = "SubstanceRoute";
    RuleSet(ruleSetName, () => {
      RuleFor(x => x.SubstanceRouteId).NotNull().NotEmpty().GreaterThan(0);
    });
  }
}

所以如果我有五种物质并且

第一种物质不符合规则 #2，
第三个不符合规则 #1 和 #2 以及
第四条不符合规则 #3，
我希望每条规则都返回一个错误，即使规则 #2 失败了两次。

我怎样才能做到这一点？

Answer 1

如果我没有正确理解问题，在这种情况下，我会在父 SubstanceList 而不是 Substance 实体验证器上定义验证规则。

为简洁起见，我没有考虑您的附加规则集逻辑，因为我对此了解不够，也不知道它是否真的需要。但是，以下会产生您拥有的三个验证案例：

if SubstanceAmount and SubstanceUnitId has values, and

if SubstanceRouteId has a value, and

if SubstanceTime has a value on any of the substance items.

RuleFor(x => x.SubstanceList)
    .Must(x => x != null ? x.All(y => y.SubstanceAmount.HasValue && y.SubstanceUnitId.HasValue && y.SubstanceUnitId.Value <= 0) : true)
    .WithMessage(x => "One or more substance amounts or unit ids has not been provided, and/or one or more unit ids is less than or equal to 0.");

RuleFor(x => x.SubstanceList)
    .Must(x => x != null ? x.All(y => y.SubstanceTime.HasValue) : true)
    .WithMessage(x => "One or more substance times has not been provided.");

RuleFor(x => x.SubstanceList)
    .Must(x => x != null ? x.All(y => y.SubstanceRouteId.HasValue && y.SubstanceRouteId.HasValue && y.SubstanceRouteId.Value <= 0) : true)
    .WithMessage(x => "One or more substance route ids has not been provided or is less than or equal to 0.");

根据您的示例场景：

So if I have five substances and

the first substance fails Rule #2,

the third fails Rule #1 and #2 and

the fourth fails on the Rule #3,

I would expect one error for each rule to be returned, even though Rule #2 has failed twice.

当我设置具有以下条件的物质序列时：

第一个没有实质时间（规则 #2）
第三个没有物质数量（规则#1）或时间（规则#2），并且
第四条物质路线 ID <= 0（规则 #3）。

我得到了我认为是期望的输出：

还有其他方法吗？结果是基本上区分错误消息，所以是的，可能还有其他方法。如果您手动调用 Validate，您会想到的是 post 处理验证结果并确保错误消息是不同的。我更喜欢上面的方法，感觉更确定，也让我有机会提供合适的错误信息。

工作 LINQPad 示例：

void Main()
{
    var fixture = new Fixture();
    var substances = new List<Substance>();
    substances.Add(fixture.Build<Substance>().Without(x => x.SubstanceTime).Create());
    substances.Add(fixture.Create<Substance>());
    substances.Add(fixture.Build<Substance>().Without(x => x.SubstanceAmount).Without(x => x.SubstanceTime).Create());
    substances.Add(fixture.Build<Substance>().With(x => x.SubstanceRouteId, -1).Create());
    substances.Add(fixture.Create<Substance>());
    Console.WriteLine(substances);

    var foo = new Foo() { SubstanceList = substances };
    var validator = new FooValidator();
    var validationResult = validator.Validate(foo);
    Console.WriteLine(validationResult.Errors.Select(x => x.ErrorMessage));
}

public class Substance
{
    public int? SubstanceId { get; set; }
    public string SubstanceName { get; set; }
    public decimal? SubstanceAmount { get; set; }
    public int? SubstanceUnitId { get; set; }
    public int? SubstanceRouteId { get; set; }
    public DateTimeOffset? SubstanceTime { get; set; }
}

public class Foo
{
    public List<Substance> SubstanceList { get; set; }
}

public class FooValidator : AbstractValidator<Foo>
{
    public FooValidator()
    {
        RuleFor(x => x.SubstanceList)
            .Must(x => x != null ? x.All(y => y.SubstanceAmount.HasValue && y.SubstanceUnitId.HasValue && y.SubstanceUnitId.Value <= 0) : true)
            .WithMessage(x => "One or more substance amounts or unit ids has not been provided, and/or one or more unit ids is less than or equal to 0.");

        RuleFor(x => x.SubstanceList)
            .Must(x => x != null ? x.All(y => y.SubstanceTime.HasValue) : true)
            .WithMessage(x => "One or more substance times has not been provided.");

        RuleFor(x => x.SubstanceList)
            .Must(x => x != null ? x.All(y => y.SubstanceRouteId.HasValue && y.SubstanceRouteId.HasValue && y.SubstanceRouteId.Value <= 0) : true)
            .WithMessage(x => "One or more substance route ids has not been provided or is less than or equal to 0.");
    }
}

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