Java Swing `GridBagLayout` 对齐问题

Java Swing `GridBagLayout` alignment issue

我正在尝试使用 Java Swing 创建登录表单。但我希望布局看起来更紧凑,但仍然响应迅速。

我的项目结构

Project/
└── src
    ├── GUI
    │   ├── Control.java
    │   ├── Main.java
    │   └── pages
    │       ├── LoginPanel.java
    └── Helper
        └── Helpers.java

这是GUI的图片,这不是我想要的:

form 面板中的组件没有像我预期的那样运行,我希望字段靠近标签但不水平填充整个 space。

还有我的代码:

登录面板

package GUI.pages;
import javax.swing.*;

public class LoginPanel extends JPanel {

    // Some labels, button, groups and fields
    private static JTextField usernameInputField;
    private static JPasswordField passwordInputField;
    private static JButton submit;
    private static JLabel message;
    private static JButton registerRedirect = new JButton("register");
    private static final int PADDING = 30;



    public LoginPanel() {

        setLayout(new BorderLayout());

        JLabel title = Helpers.generateTitle();
        JPanel titleContainer = new JPanel();
        titleContainer.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT, PADDING, PADDING));
        titleContainer.add(title);

        // the username row
        JLabel usernameLabel = new JLabel("Username: ");
        usernameInputField = new JTextField(50);

        // The password row
        JLabel passwordLabel = new JLabel("Password: ");
        passwordInputField = new JPasswordField(50);

        JPanel form = new JPanel();
        form.setLayout(new GridBagLayout());

        GridBagConstraints c = new GridBagConstraints();
        c.gridwidth = 2;
        c.gridx = 0;
        c.gridy = 0;
        c.anchor = GridBagConstraints.WEST;
        c.insets = new Insets(0,20,0,0);
        form.add(usernameLabel, c);

        c = new GridBagConstraints();
        c.gridx = 0;
        c.gridy = 1;
        c.anchor = GridBagConstraints.WEST;
        c.insets = new Insets(0,20,0,0);
        form.add(passwordLabel, c);

        c = new GridBagConstraints();
        c.gridx = 1;
        c.gridy = 0;
        c.weightx = 0.1;
        c.ipadx = 200;
        JPanel usernameFieldContainer = new JPanel();
        usernameFieldContainer.add(usernameInputField);
        usernameFieldContainer.setSize(new Dimension(usernameInputField.getWidth() + 10, usernameInputField.getHeight() + 10));
        form.add(usernameFieldContainer, c);

        c = new GridBagConstraints();
        c.gridx = 1;
        c.gridy = 1;
        c.weightx = 0.001;
        c.weightx = 0.001;
        c.ipadx = 50;
        JPanel passwordFieldContainer = new JPanel();
        passwordFieldContainer.add(passwordInputField);
        passwordFieldContainer.setSize(new Dimension(passwordInputField.getWidth() + 10, passwordInputField.getHeight() + 10));
        form.add(passwordFieldContainer, c);

        // Configuring the submit button
        submit = new JButton("Sign in");
        submit.addActionListener(new LoginActionListener());
        submit.setActionCommand("login");

        JPanel submitContainer = new JPanel();
        submitContainer.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT, PADDING, PADDING));
        submitContainer.add(submit);


        // adding everything to the layout

        add(titleContainer, BorderLayout.PAGE_START);
        add(form, BorderLayout.LINE_START);
        add(submitContainer, BorderLayout.PAGE_END);
        
    }
}

主要

package GUI;

import javax.swing.*;
import GUI.pages.LoginPanel;

public class Main extends JFrame {

   
    public static void main(String[] args){
        JFrame frame = new Main();
    }

    public Main(){
        JPanel login_panel = new LoginPanel();
        add(login_panel);
        
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setVisible(true);
        pack();
    }

}

这就是我想要的样子(更新):

REM(the title)        
________________________________
           __________________
Username: [__________________]
           __________________
Password: [__________________]
                      
                   [Submit button]
                    

I want the fields to be close to the labels but not filling the entire space horizontally.

public final static int WINDOW_WIDTH = 750;
public final static int WINDOW_HEIGHT = 550;

不要尝试设置 window 尺寸。所有 Swing 组件都将确定自己的首选大小。在调用 setVisible(...) 方法之前,您将所有组件添加到框架和 pack() 框架中。然后将根据所有组件的首选大小调整框架的大小。

private static JLabel usernameLabel;
private static JTextField usernameInputField;

不要使用静态变量。 static 关键字不应该这样使用。

无需为标签创建实例变量。通常只在希望变量在多个方法中被引用时才创建实例变量。标签仅用于显示在表单上。文本字段将在按钮的 ActionListener 中引用,因此它们应该是实例变量。

setSize(400, 400); 

不要尝试设置大小。额外的垂直高度是因为你只是使用 400 作为框架的随机高度。 pack() 方法将确定首选大小。

usernameInputField = new JTextField(50);
...
passwordInputField = new JPasswordField(150);

构造函数中的数字将用于调整文本字段的大小以包含“W”字符。它不是像素。所以你指定的值太大了。

c.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;

不需要“填充”约束。

form.setMaximumSize(new Dimension(200, passwordInputField.getHeight()));

无需指定最大大小。

我还建议您可以使用 GridBagLayout.

完成整个布局

对于第一行中的标签,您将使用 gridwidth = 2。最后一行的按钮也一样。

然后可以使用anchor约束来控制label/button在行上的对齐方式。那就是你想让标签居中,按钮右对齐。