强制子图之间的边缘向左或向右移动

Question

我有一个 PATRICA 特里树，我正在为其生成一个 GraphViz 文件。内部节点是跳跃值，边缘是虚线 0 和实心 1。0 最好在 1 的左边，给出叶子的字母顺序。我重新安排了访问图表的顺序，因此 dot 给出了这个结果。但是，当我使用子图将它们分组在森林中的树中时，我似乎无法强制 dot 可靠地遵守子图间边的顺序。

digraph {
    rankdir=TB;
    node [shape = box, style = filled, fillcolor = lightsteelblue];
    // forest size 2.

    subgraph cluster_tree0 {
        style = filled; fillcolor = lightgray; label = "tree 0";
        // branches
        branch0_0 [label = "3", shape = none, fillcolor = none];
        branch0_0 -> branch0_1;
        branch0_1 [label = "0", shape = none, fillcolor = none];
        branch0_1 -> branch0_2 [style = dashed];
        branch0_2 [label = "1", shape = none, fillcolor = none];
        branch0_2 -> leaf0_1 [style = dashed, color = royalblue];
        branch0_2 -> leaf0_2 [color = royalblue];
        branch0_1 -> branch0_3;
        branch0_3 [label = "2", shape = none, fillcolor = none];
        branch0_3 -> leaf0_3 [style = dashed, color = royalblue];
        branch0_3 -> leaf0_4 [color = royalblue];
        // leaves
        leaf0_1 [label = "u"];
        leaf0_2 [label = "v"];
        leaf0_3 [label = "x"];
        leaf0_4 [label = "y"];
    }
    branch0_0 -> branch1_0 [lhead = cluster_tree0, ltail = cluster_tree1, color = firebrick, style = dashed];

    subgraph cluster_tree1 {
        style = filled; fillcolor = lightgray; label = "tree 1";
        // branches
        branch1_0 [label = "0", shape = none, fillcolor = none];
        branch1_0 -> leaf1_0 [style = dashed, color = royalblue];
        branch1_0 -> branch1_1;
        branch1_1 [label = "1", shape = none, fillcolor = none];
        branch1_1 -> leaf1_1 [style = dashed, color = royalblue];
        branch1_1 -> branch1_2;
        branch1_2 [label = "0", shape = none, fillcolor = none];
        branch1_2 -> leaf1_2 [style = dashed, color = royalblue];
        branch1_2 -> leaf1_3 [color = royalblue];
        // leaves
        leaf1_0 [label = "f"];
        leaf1_1 [label = "m"];
        leaf1_2 [label = "n"];
        leaf1_3 [label = "o"];
    }

}

在一张图上它工作正常，但子图按我想要的顺序颠倒了。

我颠倒了文件中的顺序，它看起来还是一样。我玩弄它，我可以通过 rank=same、ordering=out 和 invis 边缘以某种方式将其翻转，但我希望它是程序化的。有什么简单的方法可以将代表 0 的红色虚线绘制到代表 1 的实线的左侧而不是右侧？

Answer 1

好吧，一团糟，但可能完全可以编写脚本。

首先，您的输入有所修改：

digraph {
    rankdir=TB;
    newrank=true  // helps
    graph [splines=false]
    node [shape = box, style = filled, fillcolor = lightsteelblue];
    // forest size 2.

    subgraph cluster_tree1 {
        style = filled; fillcolor = lightgray; label = "tree 1";
        // branches
        branch1_0 [label = "0", shape = none, fillcolor = none];
        branch1_0 -> leaf1_0 [style = dashed, color = royalblue];
        branch1_0 -> branch1_1;
        branch1_1 [label = "1", shape = none, fillcolor = none];
        branch1_1 -> leaf1_1 [style = dashed, color = royalblue];
        branch1_1 -> branch1_2;
        branch1_2 [label = "0", shape = none, fillcolor = none];
        branch1_2 -> leaf1_2 [style = dashed, color = royalblue];
        branch1_2 -> leaf1_3 [color = royalblue];
        // leaves
        leaf1_0 [label = "f"];
        leaf1_1 [label = "m"];
        leaf1_2 [label = "n"];
        leaf1_3 [label = "o"];
    }
  subgraph cluster_tree0 {
        style = filled; fillcolor = lightgray; label = "tree 0";
        // branches
        branch0_0 [label = "3", shape = none, fillcolor = none];
        branch0_0 -> branch0_1;
        branch0_1 [label = "0", shape = none, fillcolor = none];
        branch0_1 -> branch0_2 [style = dashed];
        branch0_2 [label = "1", shape = none, fillcolor = none];
        branch0_2 -> leaf0_1 [style = dashed, color = royalblue];
        branch0_2 -> leaf0_2 [color = royalblue];
        branch0_1 -> branch0_3;
        branch0_3 [label = "2", shape = none, fillcolor = none];
        branch0_3 -> leaf0_3 [style = dashed, color = royalblue];
        branch0_3 -> leaf0_4 [color = royalblue];
        // leaves
        leaf0_1 [label = "u"];
        leaf0_2 [label = "v"];
        leaf0_3 [label = "x"];
        leaf0_4 [label = "y"];
    }
    // position the clusters (trees)
    {rank=same    branch1_0 ->  branch0_1 [style=invis weight=0]} 
  
     // a kludge, we'll add this edge in later
     graph [comment="branch0_0 -> branch1_0 [color = firebrick, style = dashed  constraint=false weight=0 ];"]
}

“问题”是集群到集群的分支，因此我们将其删除（对于第一个点传递）。然后我们添加不可见的边缘以将集群定位在我们想要的位置。
运行这个输入到 dot -Tdot >myfile.dot。这会设置所有节点和边的位置。
运行通过 gawk（任何语言）取消对注释分支的注释并插入到文件中。
最后，neato -n2 -Tpng fixedfile >fixed.png
（糟糕，但它有效）

f=atrie4.gv;

T=png; F=`basename $f .gv`;dot -Tdot $f >$F.dot;
gawk '
~/comment/{
  sub(/[\t ]*comment="/,"")
  sub(/"[\],;]?[\t ]*$/,"")
  add[++a]=[=11=]
  next
}
{oline[++o]=[=11=]}
END{
  for (i=1;i<o;i++)print oline[i]
  for (i=1;i<=a;i++)print add[i]
  print oline[o]
}' $F.dot|
neato -n2 -Tpng >$F.$T
firefox $F.$T

强制子图之间的边缘向左或向右移动

Forcing the edge between subgraphs to go left or right

dot

graphviz

trie

subgraph