扩展 UITableViewCell 添加 UICollectionView 作为子视图

Expand UITableViewCell adding UICollectionView as a subview

我已经查看了其他几个 Stack Overflow 问题,但一直找不到能回答我所遇到的特定问题的问题。很多答案都说要使 table 视图部分可扩展,但我希望该行是可扩展的,并且能够在扩展时向该行添加一个集合视图。而且,最好不要任何外部库。

我有一个 UITableView 部分,其中包含可以点击展开或折叠的行。折叠时,单元格在左侧的垂直 UIStackView 中显示两行文本,在右侧显示图像和向下箭头。下图显示了折叠视图,我可以使用 AutoLayout 约束使其正常工作。

展开时,应在单元格内添加一个 UICollectionView,并且该行应动画展开以显示集合视图。下图大致显示了它应该是什么样子。底部的灰色区域是collection view,它是水平动态collection view。

但我不确定如何将集合视图添加到 UITableViewCell 以及如何在其中设置动画。我考虑过在代码中创建集合视图,向左右添加约束以将其固定到行的边缘(因此它将是全宽)。然后我打算在集合视图的顶部添加一个约束以将其固定到 table 视图单元格的底部,然后在动画块中,我将更改约束以便collection view 在 table view cell 的底部,collection view 的顶部被约束在 image view 的底部,设置 compression resistance priority 为 1000 以确保 collection view 不被压缩,但是我最终遇到了无法满足的约束,我的约束最终被删除了。我最终放弃了那个想法,因为我觉得它太复杂了,应该有更直接的方法来做这件事。

我考虑过的另一种方法是在同一个 XIB 文件中有两个单独的视图 - 一个用于正常状态,一个用于展开状态。但是后来我不确定如何为状态之间的行中的所有变化设置动画。

有没有人知道如何在 table 视图单元展开时将集合视图(或我猜的任何视图)添加到底部以及如何为其设置动画?做这样的事情的最佳做法是什么?感谢您的帮助。

我会建议...

  • 将子视图作为集合视图“容器”添加到您的单元格
  • 设置其.clipsToBounds = true
  • .constant = 0
  • 给它一个高度限制
  • 使用 .constant = 0
  • 给 collectionView 一个高度限制
  • 当您知道所需的 collectionViewCell 高度时,设置 collectionView 的约束 .constant 以便它加载单元格
  • 将“容器”视图的高度限制动画化为 expand/collapse

从“容器”视图本身开始...一旦您正确展开/折叠,然后添加集合视图。


编辑 这是动画 expand/collapse table 视图单元格的一个非常基本的示例。

data struct - 键和值字符串,一个“高度”属性(当您知道集合视图的高度时,大概会设置它行)和一个“扩展”标志。

struct DemoStruct {
    var key: String = ""
    var value: String = ""
    var cvHeight: CGFloat = 0
    var expanded: Bool = false
}

cell class - 两个标签,expand/collapse 按钮,标签下方的“容器”视图:

class SampleTVCell: UITableViewCell {
    
    // always visible elements
    let keyLabel = UILabel()
    let valLabel = UILabel()
    let btn = UIButton()
    
    // this will either hold the collectionView
    //  or be replaced by the collectionView
    let containerView = UIView()
    
    // will be set by the data
    var containerHeight: NSLayoutConstraint!
    
    // constraints for expanded/collapsed states
    var expandedConstraint: NSLayoutConstraint!
    var collapsedConstraint: NSLayoutConstraint!
    
    // down/up chevrons
    var expandImg: UIImage!
    var collapseImg: UIImage!
    
    override init(style: UITableViewCell.CellStyle, reuseIdentifier: String?) {
        super.init(style: style, reuseIdentifier: reuseIdentifier)
        commonInit()
    }
    required init?(coder: NSCoder) {
        super.init(coder: coder)
        commonInit()
    }
    func commonInit() -> Void {
        // make sure we get down/up button images
        guard let imgD = UIImage(systemName: "chevron.down"),
              let imgU = UIImage(systemName: "chevron.up")
        else {
            fatalError("Bad image loading!")
        }
        expandImg = imgD
        collapseImg = imgU

        // covers the bottom of the container view when cell is "collapsed"
        let coverView = UIView()
        coverView.backgroundColor = .white

        [keyLabel, valLabel, btn, containerView, coverView].forEach { v in
            v.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
            contentView.addSubview(v)
        }

        // set as desired
        keyLabel.font = .systemFont(ofSize: 20.0, weight: .bold)
        valLabel.font = .italicSystemFont(ofSize: 18.0)

        // use the built-in layout margins
        let g = contentView.layoutMarginsGuide
        
        // .constant will be set by data
        containerHeight = containerView.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 0.0)

        // constrain bottom of valLabel to bottom of margins
        //  priority will be updated when expanded/collapsed
        collapsedConstraint = valLabel.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: g.bottomAnchor)
        collapsedConstraint.priority = .defaultHigh
        
        // constrain bottom of containerView to bottom of margins
        //  priority will be updated when expanded/collapsed
        expandedConstraint = containerView.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: g.bottomAnchor)
        expandedConstraint.priority = .defaultLow
        
        NSLayoutConstraint.activate([

            // button at upper-right
            btn.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: g.topAnchor),
            btn.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: g.trailingAnchor),
            btn.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 32.0),
            btn.widthAnchor.constraint(equalTo: btn.heightAnchor, multiplier: 1.5),

            // keyLabel at upper-left
            keyLabel.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: g.topAnchor),
            keyLabel.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: g.leadingAnchor),
            keyLabel.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: btn.leadingAnchor, constant: -8.0),
            
            // valLabel aligned and below keyLabel
            valLabel.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: keyLabel.bottomAnchor, constant: 4.0),
            valLabel.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: g.leadingAnchor),
            valLabel.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: btn.leadingAnchor, constant: -8.0),
            
            // containerView below valLabel
            containerView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: valLabel.bottomAnchor, constant: 8.0),
            containerView.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: g.leadingAnchor),
            containerView.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: g.trailingAnchor),

            // activate our "control" constraints
            collapsedConstraint,
            expandedConstraint,
            containerHeight,

            // cover view sits at the very bottom of the contentView
            //  to cover the top part of the containerView
            //  when cell is "collapsed"
            coverView.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: g.leadingAnchor),
            coverView.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: g.trailingAnchor),
            coverView.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: contentView.bottomAnchor),
            coverView.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: contentView.layoutMargins.bottom),
            
        ])
        
        // we don't want the labels to stretch or compress vertically
        keyLabel.setContentCompressionResistancePriority(.required, for: .vertical)
        valLabel.setContentCompressionResistancePriority(.required, for: .vertical)
        keyLabel.setContentHuggingPriority(.required, for: .vertical)
        valLabel.setContentHuggingPriority(.required, for: .vertical)

        // action for button
        btn.addTarget(self, action: #selector(btnTap(_:)), for: .touchUpInside)
        
        // Important!
        contentView.clipsToBounds = true

        // so we can see the containerView
        //  until we replace it with or add a collectionView as a subview
        containerView.backgroundColor = .systemYellow
        
    }
    
    // closure so we can tell the controller we want the cell
    //  to collapse or expand
    var expand: ((Bool)->())?
    
    private var expanded: Bool = false {
        didSet {
            // set collapsed/expanded constraint priorities
            collapsedConstraint.priority = expanded ? .defaultLow : .defaultHigh
            expandedConstraint.priority = expanded ? .defaultHigh : .defaultLow
            // update button image
            btn.setImage(expanded ? collapseImg : expandImg, for: [])
        }
    }
    
    func fillData(_ d: DemoStruct) -> Void {
        keyLabel.text = d.key
        valLabel.text = d.value
        containerHeight.constant = d.cvHeight
        expanded = d.expanded
    }
    
    @objc func btnTap(_ sender: Any?) -> Void {
        expanded.toggle()
        // tell the controller our expanded state changed
        expand?(expanded)
    }
    
}

控制器 class - 生成 20 行数据,具有不同的“集合视图”高度。

class DemoTableViewController: UITableViewController {
    
    var theData: [DemoStruct] = []
    
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        
        // create 20 rows of sample data
        theData = (1...20).map { DemoStruct(key: "Key \([=12=])", value: "Value \([=12=])", cvHeight: 40.0, expanded: false) }
        
        // vary the containerView heights
        //  this will end up being the collectionView heights
        let demoHeights: [CGFloat] = [
            40, 160, 80, 120,
        ]
        for i in 0..<theData.count {
            theData[i].cvHeight = demoHeights[i % demoHeights.count]
        }
        
        tableView.register(SampleTVCell.self, forCellReuseIdentifier: "stvc")
    }
    
    override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, numberOfRowsInSection section: Int) -> Int {
        return theData.count
    }
    
    override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UITableViewCell {
        let c = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(withIdentifier: "stvc", for: indexPath) as! SampleTVCell
        
        let d = theData[indexPath.row]
        c.fillData(d)
        
        // set the closure
        c.expand = { isExpanded in
            // update data
            self.theData[indexPath.row].expanded = isExpanded
            // this tells the tableView to animate cell height changes
            tableView.performBatchUpdates(nil, completion: nil)
        }
        
        return c
    }
    
}