启动到物理设备时出现黑屏
Getting blank screen when launching to a physical device
我的应用程序在我的模拟器 (Google Pixel 2) 上 运行 非常好，但是当我尝试将应用程序启动到物理设备 (Galaxy Note 20) 时，我只是出现白屏，物理设备比模拟器更新得多可能会出现问题。
我试过了：
flutter upgrade
flutter clean
并将 minSDK 更改为 23 而不是 16。我也尝试将依赖项升级到较新的版本，但由于不兼容问题，我不得不将它们重置回旧版本。
启动模拟器时我得到这个：
Launching lib\main.dart on Android SDK built for x86 in debug mode...
Running Gradle task 'assembleDebug'...
√ Built build\app\outputs\flutter-apk\app-debug.apk.
Installing build\app\outputs\flutter-apk\app.apk...
Debug service listening on ws://127.0.0.1:54695/lfhRZFuIGMw=/ws
Syncing files to device Android SDK built for x86...
D/EGL_emulation(21851): eglMakeCurrent: 0xebea1000: ver 3 0 (tinfo 0xcc025380)
D/eglCodecCommon(21851): setVertexArrayObject: set vao to 0 (0) 1 0
当启动到物理设备时，这是我得到的：
Launching lib\main.dart on SM N985F in debug mode...
Running Gradle task 'assembleDebug'...
√ Built build\app\outputs\flutter-apk\app-debug.apk.
Installing build\app\outputs\flutter-apk\app.apk...
Debug service listening on ws://127.0.0.1:54580/fefT1rs2LOk=/ws
Syncing files to device SM N985F...
E/flutter (22977): [ERROR:flutter/lib/ui/ui_dart_state.cc(186)] Unhandled Exception: NoSuchMethodError: The getter 'length' was called on null.
E/flutter (22977): Receiver: null
E/flutter (22977): Tried calling: length
E/flutter (22977): #0 Object.noSuchMethod (dart:core-patch/object_patch.dart:54:5)
E/flutter (22977): #1 _parseJson (dart:convert-patch/convert_patch.dart:39:28)
E/flutter (22977): #2 JsonDecoder.convert (dart:convert/json.dart:506:36)
E/flutter (22977): #3 JsonCodec.decode (dart:convert/json.dart:157:41)
E/flutter (22977): #4 jsonDecode (dart:convert/json.dart:96:10)
E/flutter (22977): #5 getList (package:realtime_test/main.dart:27:30)
E/flutter (22977): <asynchronous suspension>
E/flutter (22977): #6 main (package:realtime_test/main.dart:16:3)
E/flutter (22977): <asynchronous suspension>
E/flutter (22977):
I/ViewRootImpl@46a8966[MainActivity](22977): ViewPostIme pointer 0
I/ViewRootImpl@46a8966[MainActivity](22977): MSG_WINDOW_FOCUS_CHANGED 0 1
I/SurfaceControl(22977): release : mNativeObject = 476773762736 - Surface(name=Surface(name=a38c4 InputMethod)/@0x7a23a73 - animation-leash)/@0xa41f0a1 / android.view.-$$Lambda$Rl1VZmNJ0VZDLK0BAbaVGis0rrA.accept:2 android.view.InsetsSourceControl.release:170 android.view.InsetsSourceConsumer.setControl:202 android.view.ImeInsetsSourceConsumer.setControl:154
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject s[476773762736]
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject e[476773762736]
I/SurfaceControl(22977): release : mNativeObject = 476773765760 - Surface(name=Surface(name=2a9e95b NavigationBar0)/@0x87e7f82 - animation-leash)/@0x2190368 / android.view.-$$Lambda$Rl1VZmNJ0VZDLK0BAbaVGis0rrA.accept:2 android.view.InsetsSourceControl.release:170 android.view.InsetsSourceConsumer.setControl:202 android.view.InsetsController.onControlsChanged:833
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject s[476773765760]
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject e[476773765760]
I/SurfaceControl(22977): release : mNativeObject = 476773740672 - Surface(name=Surface(name=6106940 StatusBar)/@0xd1b68b8 - animation-leash)/@0xe205381 / android.view.-$$Lambda$Rl1VZmNJ0VZDLK0BAbaVGis0rrA.accept:2 android.view.InsetsSourceControl.release:170 android.view.InsetsSourceConsumer.setControl:202 android.view.InsetsController.onControlsChanged:833
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject s[476773740672]
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject e[476773740672]
D/InputTransport(22977): Input channel destroyed: 'ClientS', fd=122
I/SurfaceControl(22977): release : mNativeObject = 476773811120 - Surface(name=Surface(name=a38c4 InputMethod)/@0x7a23a73 - animation-leash)/@0x2fda6bd / android.view.-$$Lambda$Rl1VZmNJ0VZDLK0BAbaVGis0rrA.accept:2 android.view.InsetsSourceControl.release:170 android.view.InsetsSourceConsumer.setControl:202 android.view.ImeInsetsSourceConsumer.setControl:154
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject s[476773811120]
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject e[476773811120]
I/SurfaceView(22977): onWindowVisibilityChanged(8) false io.flutter.embedding.android.FlutterSurfaceView{a0c34fd V.E...... ........ 0,0-1440,3035} of ViewRootImpl@46a8966[MainActivity]
I/SurfaceView(22977): surfaceDestroyed callback.size 1 #2 io.flutter.embedding.android.FlutterSurfaceView{a0c34fd V.E...... ........ 0,0-1440,3035}
I/mali_egl(22977): eglDestroySurface() in
I/mali_winsys(22977): delete_surface() [1440x3035] return
I/mali_egl(22977): eglDestroySurface() out
W/libEGL (22977): EGLNativeWindowType 0x7021f7c4a0 disconnect failed
D/SurfaceControl(22977): hide : mNativeObject = 477310781072 - sc.mNativeObject = 476773737760 - Surface(name=SurfaceView - com.example.realtime_test/com.example.realtime_test.MainActivity@a0c34fd@0)/@0x4db9fa2
D/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeSetFlags Done : Surface(name=SurfaceView - com.example.realtime_test/com.example.realtime_test.MainActivity@a0c34fd@0)/@0x4db9fa2
I/SurfaceView(22977): remove() from RT android.view.SurfaceView@1fbc4b2 Surface(name=SurfaceView - com.example.realtime_test/com.example.realtime_test.MainActivity@a0c34fd@0)/@0x4db9fa2
I/SurfaceControl(22977): release : mNativeObject = 476773737760 - Surface(name=SurfaceView - com.example.realtime_test/com.example.realtime_test.MainActivity@a0c34fd@0)/@0x4db9fa2 / android.view.SurfaceControl$Transaction.remove:3449 android.view.SurfaceView.positionLost:1561 android.graphics.RenderNode$CompositePositionUpdateListener.positionLost:313 <bottom of call stack>
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject s[476773737760]
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject e[476773737760]
I/SurfaceControl(22977): release : mNativeObject = 476773742576 - Surface(name=Background for -SurfaceView - com.example.realtime_test/com.example.realtime_test.MainActivity@a0c34fd@0)/@0x1cd2c03 / android.view.SurfaceControl$Transaction.remove:3449 android.view.SurfaceView.positionLost:1562 android.graphics.RenderNode$CompositePositionUpdateListener.positionLost:313 <bottom of call stack>
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject s[476773742576]
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject e[476773742576]
I/mali_egl(22977): eglDestroySurface() in
I/mali_winsys(22977): delete_surface() [1440x3088] return
I/mali_egl(22977): eglDestroySurface() out
W/libEGL (22977): EGLNativeWindowType 0x7021f7a290 disconnect failed
I/SurfaceControl(22977): release : mNativeObject = 476773781888 - Surface(name=null)/@0x516d780 / android.view.SurfaceControl.assignNativeObject:567 android.view.SurfaceControl.readFromParcel:1115 android.view.IWindowSession$Stub$Proxy.relayout:1777 android.view.ViewRootImpl.relayoutWindow:8953
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject s[476773781888]
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject e[476773781888]
I/SurfaceControl(22977): assignNativeObject: nativeObject = 0 Surface(name=null)/@0x516d780 / android.view.SurfaceControl.readFromParcel:1115 android.view.IWindowSession$Stub$Proxy.relayout:1777 android.view.ViewRootImpl.relayoutWindow:8953 android.view.ViewRootImpl.performTraversals:3312 android.view.ViewRootImpl.doTraversal:2575 android.view.ViewRootImpl$TraversalRunnable.run:9910 android.view.Choreographer$CallbackRecord.run:1010 android.view.Choreographer.doCallbacks:809 android.view.Choreographer.doFrame:744 android.view.Choreographer$FrameDisplayEventReceiver.run:995
I/SurfaceControl(22977): assignNativeObject: nativeObject = 0 Surface(name=null)/@0x8186ac0 / android.view.SurfaceControl.readFromParcel:1115 android.view.IWindowSession$Stub$Proxy.relayout:1787 android.view.ViewRootImpl.relayoutWindow:8953 android.view.ViewRootImpl.performTraversals:3312 android.view.ViewRootImpl.doTraversal:2575 android.view.ViewRootImpl$TraversalRunnable.run:9910 android.view.Choreographer$CallbackRecord.run:1010 android.view.Choreographer.doCallbacks:809 android.view.Choreographer.doFrame:744 android.view.Choreographer$FrameDisplayEventReceiver.run:995
I/SurfaceControl(22977): release : mNativeObject = 476773737200 - Surface(name=Bounds for - com.example.realtime_test/com.example.realtime_test.MainActivity@0)/@0xd62f1b9 / android.view.ViewRootImpl.destroySurface:2437 android.view.ViewRootImpl.relayoutWindow:8990 android.view.ViewRootImpl.performTraversals:3312 android.view.ViewRootImpl.doTraversal:2575
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject s[476773737200]
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject e[476773737200]
I/ViewRootImpl@46a8966[MainActivity](22977): Relayout returned: old=(0,0,1440,3088) new=(0,0,1440,3088) req=(1440,3088)8 dur=6 res=0x5 s={false 0} ch=true fn=2
I/SurfaceView(22977): windowStopped(true) false io.flutter.embedding.android.FlutterSurfaceView{a0c34fd V.E...... ........ 0,0-1440,3035} of ViewRootImpl@46a8966[MainActivity]
I/ViewRootImpl@46a8966[MainActivity](22977): stopped(true) old=false
所以很明显出了问题，但我不知道是什么问题。
您出现白屏是因为您的应用无法通过您在启动时执行的初始功能。
错误信息说getter length called on null，然后它
在第 #27 行中断你的 main.dart。进一步阅读
错误，你正在调用 jsonDecode，但它没有收到任何东西，
导致您的应用程序崩溃并且无法加载主页。
不是
技术上崩溃了，但它正在等待第 27 行的逻辑
完成，但还没有完成。因为它说 getter length was called on null 很可能也意味着您正在 for 循环中执行逻辑，或者检查是否有 isEmpty 或 isNotEmpty，当检查这些属性时，iterable 它试图在调用此函数时检查是否为空。
首先仔细检查，这很可能是由于您在使用模拟器时遇到的错误，然后修复它并让模拟器工作，但没有解决您的问题使用全新安装的新用户，例如您的物理设备。
如果您从数据库中获取数据，并在模拟器上开发时使用了初始虚拟数据，而忘记为新设备添加该数据，这应该可以解决您的问题，我会开始寻找那里。
另一件事要记住，当您的应用成功编译和构建时，您的问题不在于依赖项或 SDK 版本或与您的构建相关的其他问题 gradle。你的错误是这样 √ Built build\app.... ，所以问题不是由构建时故障引起的，而是运行时错误。
我的应用程序在我的模拟器 (Google Pixel 2) 上 运行 非常好，但是当我尝试将应用程序启动到物理设备 (Galaxy Note 20) 时，我只是出现白屏，物理设备比模拟器更新得多可能会出现问题。 我试过了：
flutter upgrade
flutter clean
并将 minSDK 更改为 23 而不是 16。我也尝试将依赖项升级到较新的版本，但由于不兼容问题，我不得不将它们重置回旧版本。
启动模拟器时我得到这个：
Launching lib\main.dart on Android SDK built for x86 in debug mode...
Running Gradle task 'assembleDebug'...
√ Built build\app\outputs\flutter-apk\app-debug.apk.
Installing build\app\outputs\flutter-apk\app.apk...
Debug service listening on ws://127.0.0.1:54695/lfhRZFuIGMw=/ws
Syncing files to device Android SDK built for x86...
D/EGL_emulation(21851): eglMakeCurrent: 0xebea1000: ver 3 0 (tinfo 0xcc025380)
D/eglCodecCommon(21851): setVertexArrayObject: set vao to 0 (0) 1 0
当启动到物理设备时，这是我得到的：
Launching lib\main.dart on SM N985F in debug mode...
Running Gradle task 'assembleDebug'...
√ Built build\app\outputs\flutter-apk\app-debug.apk.
Installing build\app\outputs\flutter-apk\app.apk...
Debug service listening on ws://127.0.0.1:54580/fefT1rs2LOk=/ws
Syncing files to device SM N985F...
E/flutter (22977): [ERROR:flutter/lib/ui/ui_dart_state.cc(186)] Unhandled Exception: NoSuchMethodError: The getter 'length' was called on null.
E/flutter (22977): Receiver: null
E/flutter (22977): Tried calling: length
E/flutter (22977): #0 Object.noSuchMethod (dart:core-patch/object_patch.dart:54:5)
E/flutter (22977): #1 _parseJson (dart:convert-patch/convert_patch.dart:39:28)
E/flutter (22977): #2 JsonDecoder.convert (dart:convert/json.dart:506:36)
E/flutter (22977): #3 JsonCodec.decode (dart:convert/json.dart:157:41)
E/flutter (22977): #4 jsonDecode (dart:convert/json.dart:96:10)
E/flutter (22977): #5 getList (package:realtime_test/main.dart:27:30)
E/flutter (22977): <asynchronous suspension>
E/flutter (22977): #6 main (package:realtime_test/main.dart:16:3)
E/flutter (22977): <asynchronous suspension>
E/flutter (22977):
I/ViewRootImpl@46a8966[MainActivity](22977): ViewPostIme pointer 0
I/ViewRootImpl@46a8966[MainActivity](22977): MSG_WINDOW_FOCUS_CHANGED 0 1
I/SurfaceControl(22977): release : mNativeObject = 476773762736 - Surface(name=Surface(name=a38c4 InputMethod)/@0x7a23a73 - animation-leash)/@0xa41f0a1 / android.view.-$$Lambda$Rl1VZmNJ0VZDLK0BAbaVGis0rrA.accept:2 android.view.InsetsSourceControl.release:170 android.view.InsetsSourceConsumer.setControl:202 android.view.ImeInsetsSourceConsumer.setControl:154
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject s[476773762736]
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject e[476773762736]
I/SurfaceControl(22977): release : mNativeObject = 476773765760 - Surface(name=Surface(name=2a9e95b NavigationBar0)/@0x87e7f82 - animation-leash)/@0x2190368 / android.view.-$$Lambda$Rl1VZmNJ0VZDLK0BAbaVGis0rrA.accept:2 android.view.InsetsSourceControl.release:170 android.view.InsetsSourceConsumer.setControl:202 android.view.InsetsController.onControlsChanged:833
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject s[476773765760]
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject e[476773765760]
I/SurfaceControl(22977): release : mNativeObject = 476773740672 - Surface(name=Surface(name=6106940 StatusBar)/@0xd1b68b8 - animation-leash)/@0xe205381 / android.view.-$$Lambda$Rl1VZmNJ0VZDLK0BAbaVGis0rrA.accept:2 android.view.InsetsSourceControl.release:170 android.view.InsetsSourceConsumer.setControl:202 android.view.InsetsController.onControlsChanged:833
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject s[476773740672]
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject e[476773740672]
D/InputTransport(22977): Input channel destroyed: 'ClientS', fd=122
I/SurfaceControl(22977): release : mNativeObject = 476773811120 - Surface(name=Surface(name=a38c4 InputMethod)/@0x7a23a73 - animation-leash)/@0x2fda6bd / android.view.-$$Lambda$Rl1VZmNJ0VZDLK0BAbaVGis0rrA.accept:2 android.view.InsetsSourceControl.release:170 android.view.InsetsSourceConsumer.setControl:202 android.view.ImeInsetsSourceConsumer.setControl:154
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject s[476773811120]
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject e[476773811120]
I/SurfaceView(22977): onWindowVisibilityChanged(8) false io.flutter.embedding.android.FlutterSurfaceView{a0c34fd V.E...... ........ 0,0-1440,3035} of ViewRootImpl@46a8966[MainActivity]
I/SurfaceView(22977): surfaceDestroyed callback.size 1 #2 io.flutter.embedding.android.FlutterSurfaceView{a0c34fd V.E...... ........ 0,0-1440,3035}
I/mali_egl(22977): eglDestroySurface() in
I/mali_winsys(22977): delete_surface() [1440x3035] return
I/mali_egl(22977): eglDestroySurface() out
W/libEGL (22977): EGLNativeWindowType 0x7021f7c4a0 disconnect failed
D/SurfaceControl(22977): hide : mNativeObject = 477310781072 - sc.mNativeObject = 476773737760 - Surface(name=SurfaceView - com.example.realtime_test/com.example.realtime_test.MainActivity@a0c34fd@0)/@0x4db9fa2
D/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeSetFlags Done : Surface(name=SurfaceView - com.example.realtime_test/com.example.realtime_test.MainActivity@a0c34fd@0)/@0x4db9fa2
I/SurfaceView(22977): remove() from RT android.view.SurfaceView@1fbc4b2 Surface(name=SurfaceView - com.example.realtime_test/com.example.realtime_test.MainActivity@a0c34fd@0)/@0x4db9fa2
I/SurfaceControl(22977): release : mNativeObject = 476773737760 - Surface(name=SurfaceView - com.example.realtime_test/com.example.realtime_test.MainActivity@a0c34fd@0)/@0x4db9fa2 / android.view.SurfaceControl$Transaction.remove:3449 android.view.SurfaceView.positionLost:1561 android.graphics.RenderNode$CompositePositionUpdateListener.positionLost:313 <bottom of call stack>
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject s[476773737760]
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject e[476773737760]
I/SurfaceControl(22977): release : mNativeObject = 476773742576 - Surface(name=Background for -SurfaceView - com.example.realtime_test/com.example.realtime_test.MainActivity@a0c34fd@0)/@0x1cd2c03 / android.view.SurfaceControl$Transaction.remove:3449 android.view.SurfaceView.positionLost:1562 android.graphics.RenderNode$CompositePositionUpdateListener.positionLost:313 <bottom of call stack>
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject s[476773742576]
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject e[476773742576]
I/mali_egl(22977): eglDestroySurface() in
I/mali_winsys(22977): delete_surface() [1440x3088] return
I/mali_egl(22977): eglDestroySurface() out
W/libEGL (22977): EGLNativeWindowType 0x7021f7a290 disconnect failed
I/SurfaceControl(22977): release : mNativeObject = 476773781888 - Surface(name=null)/@0x516d780 / android.view.SurfaceControl.assignNativeObject:567 android.view.SurfaceControl.readFromParcel:1115 android.view.IWindowSession$Stub$Proxy.relayout:1777 android.view.ViewRootImpl.relayoutWindow:8953
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject s[476773781888]
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject e[476773781888]
I/SurfaceControl(22977): assignNativeObject: nativeObject = 0 Surface(name=null)/@0x516d780 / android.view.SurfaceControl.readFromParcel:1115 android.view.IWindowSession$Stub$Proxy.relayout:1777 android.view.ViewRootImpl.relayoutWindow:8953 android.view.ViewRootImpl.performTraversals:3312 android.view.ViewRootImpl.doTraversal:2575 android.view.ViewRootImpl$TraversalRunnable.run:9910 android.view.Choreographer$CallbackRecord.run:1010 android.view.Choreographer.doCallbacks:809 android.view.Choreographer.doFrame:744 android.view.Choreographer$FrameDisplayEventReceiver.run:995
I/SurfaceControl(22977): assignNativeObject: nativeObject = 0 Surface(name=null)/@0x8186ac0 / android.view.SurfaceControl.readFromParcel:1115 android.view.IWindowSession$Stub$Proxy.relayout:1787 android.view.ViewRootImpl.relayoutWindow:8953 android.view.ViewRootImpl.performTraversals:3312 android.view.ViewRootImpl.doTraversal:2575 android.view.ViewRootImpl$TraversalRunnable.run:9910 android.view.Choreographer$CallbackRecord.run:1010 android.view.Choreographer.doCallbacks:809 android.view.Choreographer.doFrame:744 android.view.Choreographer$FrameDisplayEventReceiver.run:995
I/SurfaceControl(22977): release : mNativeObject = 476773737200 - Surface(name=Bounds for - com.example.realtime_test/com.example.realtime_test.MainActivity@0)/@0xd62f1b9 / android.view.ViewRootImpl.destroySurface:2437 android.view.ViewRootImpl.relayoutWindow:8990 android.view.ViewRootImpl.performTraversals:3312 android.view.ViewRootImpl.doTraversal:2575
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject s[476773737200]
I/SurfaceControl(22977): nativeRelease nativeObject e[476773737200]
I/ViewRootImpl@46a8966[MainActivity](22977): Relayout returned: old=(0,0,1440,3088) new=(0,0,1440,3088) req=(1440,3088)8 dur=6 res=0x5 s={false 0} ch=true fn=2
I/SurfaceView(22977): windowStopped(true) false io.flutter.embedding.android.FlutterSurfaceView{a0c34fd V.E...... ........ 0,0-1440,3035} of ViewRootImpl@46a8966[MainActivity]
I/ViewRootImpl@46a8966[MainActivity](22977): stopped(true) old=false
所以很明显出了问题，但我不知道是什么问题。
您出现白屏是因为您的应用无法通过您在启动时执行的初始功能。
错误信息说
getter length called on null，然后它 在第#27行中断你的main.dart。进一步阅读 错误，你正在调用 jsonDecode，但它没有收到任何东西， 导致您的应用程序崩溃并且无法加载主页。不是 技术上崩溃了，但它正在等待第 27 行的逻辑 完成，但还没有完成。因为它说
getter length was called on null很可能也意味着您正在 for 循环中执行逻辑，或者检查是否有isEmpty或isNotEmpty，当检查这些属性时，iterable它试图在调用此函数时检查是否为空。首先仔细检查，这很可能是由于您在使用模拟器时遇到的错误，然后修复它并让模拟器工作，但没有解决您的问题使用全新安装的新用户，例如您的物理设备。
如果您从数据库中获取数据，并在模拟器上开发时使用了初始虚拟数据，而忘记为新设备添加该数据，这应该可以解决您的问题，我会开始寻找那里。
另一件事要记住，当您的应用成功编译和构建时，您的问题不在于依赖项或 SDK 版本或与您的构建相关的其他问题 gradle。你的错误是这样
√ Built build\app....，所以问题不是由构建时故障引起的，而是运行时错误。