关闭时分离卷（用于重新启动）Docker

Question

我有一个 Docker Compose（文件名为 my-main-db.yml），它创建了一个 MySQL 8.0 容器：

version: "3.7"
services:
  my-main-db:
    env_file:
      - .env
    image: mysql:8
    container_name: my-main-db
    command: --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password
    restart: always
    ports:
      - 3306:3306
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: $MY_SERVICE_DB_ROOT_PASSWORD
      MYSQL_DATABASE: my_service_db_local
      MYSQL_USER: $MY_SERVICE_DB_APP_USER
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: $MY_SERVICE_DB_APP_PASSWORD
    volumes:
      - ./my-service-db-data:/var/lib/mysql

为了启动这个我运行:

docker-compose -f my-main-db.yml up

它运行很好，我可以连接到它并且还可以通过 docker ps 查看它运行。

如果我想停止此容器并保留其中的所有数据，我将其关闭：

docker-compose -f my-main-db.yml down

但是如果我想停止这个容器并擦除其中的所有数据，以便它以全新（和干净）的方式启动，我的理解是我需要分离或删除卷。所以我一直试图像这样关闭它：

docker-compose -f my-main-db.yml down -v

然而，当我这样做，然后重新启动它时，我的数据仍然在那里，而我希望有一个全新的（空的）数据库。

谁能看出我哪里出错了？

Answer 1

docker-compose down -v 将删除 命名卷 ，但它不会删除您作为绑定挂载（如在您的配置中）挂载的目录。为此，您需要自己使用 rm -rf。

如果您希望 docker-compose 管理卷，请改为使用命名卷：

version: "3.7"
services:
  my-main-db:
    env_file:
      - .env
    image: mysql:8
    container_name: my-main-db
    command: --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password
    restart: always
    ports:
      - 3306:3306
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: $MY_SERVICE_DB_ROOT_PASSWORD
      MYSQL_DATABASE: my_service_db_local
      MYSQL_USER: $MY_SERVICE_DB_APP_USER
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: $MY_SERVICE_DB_APP_PASSWORD
    volumes:
      - my-service-db-data:/var/lib/mysql

volumes:
  my-service-db-data:

这将在启动堆栈时自动为您分配一个 docker 卷，并在您运行 docker-compose down -v.

时将其删除

例如，如果我在 .env 中有以下内容：

MY_SERVICE_DB_ROOT_PASSWORD=secret
MY_SERVICE_DB_APP_USER=myservice
MY_SERVICE_DB_APP_PASSWORD=secret

我可以调出堆栈：

docker-compose up -d

然后连接到 mysql 并创建一个 table:

$ mysql -h docker -u myservice -psecret my_service_db_local
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.23 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MySQL [my_service_db_local]> create table testtable (id int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.065 sec)

MySQL [my_service_db_local]> show tables;
+-------------------------------+
| Tables_in_my_service_db_local |
+-------------------------------+
| testtable                     |
+-------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.004 sec)

MySQL [my_service_db_local]> ^DBye

现在，如果我用 -v 降低堆栈：

$ docker-compose down -v
Stopping my-main-db ... done
WARNING: Found orphan containers (docker_test_1) for this project. If you removed or renamed this service in your compose file, you can run this command with the --remove-orphans flag to clean it up.
Removing my-main-db ... done
Removing network docker_default
Removing volume docker_my-service-db-data

...您可以看到 Docker 已经删除了 docker_my-service-db-data 体积。如果我们重新启动堆栈：

$ docker-compose up -d
Creating network "docker_default" with the default driver
Creating volume "docker_my-service-db-data" with default driver
WARNING: Found orphan containers (docker_test_1) for this project. If you removed or renamed this service in your compose file, you can run this command with the --remove-orphans flag to clean it up.
Creating my-main-db ... done

我们可以连接到 mysql 并看到 table 不再存在，因为数据库已经从头开始重新创建：

$ mysql -h docker -u myservice -psecret my_service_db_local
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.23 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MySQL [my_service_db_local]> show tables;
Empty set (0.004 sec)

MySQL [my_service_db_local]>

关闭时分离卷（用于重新启动）Docker

Detaching volumes (for a fresh restart) when shutting down Docker

docker

docker-compose

docker-volume