PHP：在括号外引爆逗号

Question

下面是我尝试仅在第一组括号外的逗号处展开的字符串。

Wheat Flour (2%) [Wheat Flour, Wheat Gluten, Calcium Carbonate, Iron, Niacin (B3), Thiamin (B1), Ascorbic Acid], Water, Yeast, Salt, Vegetable Oils (Palm, Rapeseed, oils (sunflower, rapeseed)), Soya Flour

第一次尝试

preg_split("/[\[\]|()]+/", "Wheat Flour (2%) [Wheat Flour, Wheat Gluten, Calcium Carbonate, Iron, Niacin (B3), Thiamin (B1), Ascorbic Acid], Water, Yeast, Salt, Vegetable Oils (Palm, Rapeseed, oils (sunflower, rapeseed)), Soya Flour", -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY);

哪个returns:

[0] => Wheat Flour 
[1] => 2%
[2] => Wheat Flour, Wheat Gluten, Calcium Carbonate, Iron, Niacin 
[3] => B3
[4] => , Thiamin 
[5] => B1
[6] => , Ascorbic Acid
[7] => , Water, Yeast, Salt, Vegetable Oils 
[8] => Palm, Rapeseed
[9] => , Soya Flour

第二次尝试

preg_split('/\|(?![^(]*\))/', "Wheat Flour (2%) [Wheat Flour, Wheat Gluten, Calcium Carbonate, Iron, Niacin (B3), Thiamin (B1), Ascorbic Acid], Water, Yeast, Salt, Vegetable Oils (Palm, Rapeseed, oils (sunflower, rapeseed)), Soya Flour");

Returns:

[0] => Wheat Flour (2%) [Wheat Flour, Wheat Gluten, Calcium Carbonate, Iron, Niacin (B3), Thiamin (B1), Ascorbic Acid], Water, Yeast, Salt, Vegetable Oils (Palm, Rapeseed), Soya Flour

第一次尝试是我能够获得的最接近以下输出的尝试。

[0] => "Wheat Flour (2%) [Wheat Flour, Wheat Gluten, Calcium Carbonate, Iron, Niacin (B3), Thiamin (B1), Ascorbic Acid]"
[1] => "Water"
[2] => "Yeast"
[3] => "Salt"
[4] => "Vegetable Oils (Palm, Rapeseed, oils (sunflower, rapeseed))"
[5] => "Soya Flour"

Answer 1

您可以使用

$text = "Wheat Flour (2%) [Wheat Flour, Wheat Gluten, Calcium Carbonate, Iron, Niacin (B3), Thiamin (B1), Ascorbic Acid], Water, Yeast, Salt, Vegetable Oils (Palm, Rapeseed, oils (sunflower, rapeseed)), Soya Flour"; 
if (preg_match_all('~[^][(),\s][^][(),]*(?:\s*(?:(\[(?:[^][]++|(?1))*])|(\((?:[^()]++|(?2))*\))))*~', $text, $matches)) {
    print_r($matches[0]); 
}

参见regex demo and the PHP demo。

详情:

[^][(),\s] - 除了方括号、圆括号、逗号和空格之外的字符
[^][(),]* - 除了方括号和圆括号和逗号之外的零个或多个字符
(?: - 非捕获组：
- \s* - 零个或多个空格
- (?: -
- (\[(?:[^][]++|(?1))*]) - [...] 子串嵌套 [...]
- | - 或
- (\((?:[^()]++|(?2))*\)) - 一个 (...) 子字符串，里面有任何嵌套的括号
)* - 可选序列，零次或多次。

Answer 2

您可以使用此 PCRE 正则表达式进行拆分：

(?:(\((?:[^()]*|(?-1))*\))|(\[(?:[^][]*|(?-1))*\]))(*SKIP)(*F)|\h*,\h*

RegEx Demo

代码：

$s = 'Wheat Flour [Wheat Flour, Wheat Gluten, Calcium Carbonate, Iron, Niacin (B3), Thiamin (B1), Ascorbic Acid], Water, Yeast, Salt, Vegetable Oils (Palm, Rapeseed, oils (sunflower, rapeseed)), Soya Flour';
$re = '~(?:(\((?:[^()]*|(?-1))*\))|(\[(?:[^][]*|(?-1))*\]))(*SKIP)(*F)|\h*,\h*~';

print_r(preg_split($re, $s));

输出：

Array
(
    [0] => Wheat Flour [Wheat Flour, Wheat Gluten, Calcium Carbonate, Iron, Niacin (B3), Thiamin (B1), Ascorbic Acid]
    [1] => Water
    [2] => Yeast
    [3] => Salt
    [4] => Vegetable Oils (Palm, Rapeseed, oils (sunflower, rapeseed))
    [5] => Soya Flour
)

正则表达式解释：

(?:: 启动非捕获组
- (\((?:[^()]*|(?-1))*\))：匹配可能嵌套的 (...) 子字符串的递归模式
- |: 或
- (\[(?:[^][]*|(?-1))*\])：匹配可能嵌套的 [...] 子串的递归模式
):
(*SKIP)(*F)：跳过并失败此匹配，即在拆分结果中保留此数据
|: 或
\h*,\h*: 匹配两边被0个或多个空格包围的逗号

PHP：在括号外引爆逗号

PHP: Explode comma outside of brackets

php

regex

arrays

explode

multidimensional-array

第一次尝试

第二次尝试