如何以编程方式更改 ListBox ScrollBar 的 ScrollBar Foreground/Background 属性？

Question

我终于从 winforms 切换到 WPF，尽管我什至很少使用 winforms。在 Main Window 中添加了一个 ListBox 控件和此 XAML 代码以更改其 ScrollBar Foreground/Background.[=18 的颜色=]

<ListBox.Resources>
    <Style x:Key="ScrollBarColor" TargetType="ScrollBar">
        <Setter Property="Background" Value="#FF343434" />
        <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="#FF8E9195" />
    </Style>
</ListBox.Resources>

我将如何以编程方式更改这些属性？另外，在另一个 window 中并且能够在运行时更改它们怎么样？我已经尝试了很多使用 FindResource 和 Resources.FindName 的方法，使用密钥作为 arg 但到目前为止没有运气。如果方向正确，我们将不胜感激。

在 WinForms 中执行此操作对我来说会更耗时且更熟悉，但我正在尝试进行转换。

Answer 1

How would I go about changing these properties programmatically?

控件可以有多个状态，例如 Disabled、Mouse Over 或 Pressed，它们都有不同的视觉表现。查看 ScollBar.

的样式和模板文档

ScrollBar Styles and Templates

理论上，您可以像这样搜索所有子项，从而在代码中获得 ListBox 的 ScrollBar：

How can I find WPF controls by name or type?

在您的代码中，您可以获得 ScrollBar 并为其应用不同的颜色，但这不适用于所有不同的状态。当然，您也可以创建自定义样式来处理所有状态并将其分配到此处。

<ListBox x:Name="MyListBox" ... />

var scrollbar = FindChild<ScrollBar>(MyListBox, null);
scrollbar.Background = Brushes.Red;
scrollbar.Foreground = Brushes.Blue;

但是，我不推荐使用这里的代码。相反，您可以使用 Blend 或 Visual Studio extract the default style and control template of ScrollBar。在此样式副本中，您可以根据需要更改默认颜色（在下面的代码中查找 SolidColorBrushes）。然后在默认样式的基础上创建一个ListBox样式，并将ScrollBar的隐式样式添加到它的Resources部分。也就是说，ScrollBar 的样式将自动应用到 ListBox 滚动条。

如果您不希望将 ListBox 样式应用到范围内的所有 ListBoxes，添加一个 x:Key 使其明确并使用 [=27 手动引用它=] 或 DynamicResource.

<Style TargetType="{x:Type ListBox}"
       BasedOn="{StaticResource {x:Type ListBox}}">
   <Style.Resources>
      <Style x:Key="FocusVisual">
         <Setter Property="Control.Template">
            <Setter.Value>
               <ControlTemplate>
                  <Rectangle Margin="2"
                             StrokeDashArray="1 2"
                             SnapsToDevicePixels="true"
                             StrokeThickness="1"
                             Stroke="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.ControlTextBrushKey}}" />
               </ControlTemplate>
            </Setter.Value>
         </Setter>
      </Style>
      <SolidColorBrush x:Key="ScrollBar.Static.Background"
                       Color="#F0F0F0" />
      <SolidColorBrush x:Key="ScrollBar.Static.Border"
                       Color="#F0F0F0" />
      <SolidColorBrush x:Key="ScrollBar.Static.Glyph"
                       Color="#606060" />
      <SolidColorBrush x:Key="ScrollBar.Static.Thumb"
                       Color="#CDCDCD" />
      <SolidColorBrush x:Key="ScrollBar.MouseOver.Background"
                       Color="#DADADA" />
      <SolidColorBrush x:Key="ScrollBar.MouseOver.Border"
                       Color="#DADADA" />
      <SolidColorBrush x:Key="ScrollBar.MouseOver.Glyph"
                       Color="#000000" />
      <SolidColorBrush x:Key="ScrollBar.MouseOver.Thumb"
                       Color="#A6A6A6" />
      <SolidColorBrush x:Key="ScrollBar.Pressed.Background"
                       Color="#606060" />
      <SolidColorBrush x:Key="ScrollBar.Pressed.Border"
                       Color="#606060" />
      <SolidColorBrush x:Key="ScrollBar.Pressed.Thumb"
                       Color="#606060" />
      <SolidColorBrush x:Key="ScrollBar.Pressed.Glyph"
                       Color="#FFFFFF" />
      <SolidColorBrush x:Key="ScrollBar.Disabled.Background"
                       Color="#F0F0F0" />
      <SolidColorBrush x:Key="ScrollBar.Disabled.Border"
                       Color="#F0F0F0" />
      <SolidColorBrush x:Key="ScrollBar.Disabled.Glyph"
                       Color="#BFBFBF" />
      <Style x:Key="RepeatButtonTransparent"
             TargetType="{x:Type RepeatButton}">
         <Setter Property="OverridesDefaultStyle"
                 Value="true" />
         <Setter Property="Background"
                 Value="Transparent" />
         <Setter Property="Focusable"
                 Value="false" />
         <Setter Property="IsTabStop"
                 Value="false" />
         <Setter Property="Template">
            <Setter.Value>
               <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type RepeatButton}">
                  <Rectangle Fill="{TemplateBinding Background}"
                             Height="{TemplateBinding Height}"
                             Width="{TemplateBinding Width}" />
               </ControlTemplate>
            </Setter.Value>
         </Setter>
      </Style>
      <Style x:Key="ScrollBarButton"
             TargetType="{x:Type RepeatButton}">
         <Setter Property="FocusVisualStyle"
                 Value="{StaticResource FocusVisual}" />
         <Setter Property="BorderThickness"
                 Value="1" />
         <Setter Property="HorizontalContentAlignment"
                 Value="Center" />
         <Setter Property="VerticalContentAlignment"
                 Value="Center" />
         <Setter Property="Padding"
                 Value="1" />
         <Setter Property="Focusable"
                 Value="false" />
         <Setter Property="IsTabStop"
                 Value="false" />
         <Setter Property="Template">
            <Setter.Value>
               <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type RepeatButton}">
                  <Border x:Name="border"
                          Background="{StaticResource ScrollBar.Static.Background}"
                          BorderThickness="1"
                          BorderBrush="{StaticResource ScrollBar.Static.Border}"
                          SnapsToDevicePixels="true">
                     <ContentPresenter x:Name="contentPresenter"
                                       Focusable="False"
                                       HorizontalAlignment="{TemplateBinding HorizontalContentAlignment}"
                                       Margin="{TemplateBinding Padding}"
                                       SnapsToDevicePixels="{TemplateBinding SnapsToDevicePixels}"
                                       VerticalAlignment="{TemplateBinding VerticalContentAlignment}" />
                  </Border>
                  <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                     <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver"
                              Value="true">
                        <Setter Property="Background"
                                TargetName="border"
                                Value="{StaticResource ScrollBar.MouseOver.Background}" />
                        <Setter Property="BorderBrush"
                                TargetName="border"
                                Value="{StaticResource ScrollBar.MouseOver.Border}" />
                     </Trigger>
                     <Trigger Property="IsPressed"
                              Value="true">
                        <Setter Property="Background"
                                TargetName="border"
                                Value="{StaticResource ScrollBar.Pressed.Background}" />
                        <Setter Property="BorderBrush"
                                TargetName="border"
                                Value="{StaticResource ScrollBar.Pressed.Border}" />
                     </Trigger>
                     <Trigger Property="IsEnabled"
                              Value="false">
                        <Setter Property="Opacity"
                                TargetName="contentPresenter"
                                Value="0.56" />
                        <Setter Property="Background"
                                TargetName="border"
                                Value="{StaticResource ScrollBar.Disabled.Background}" />
                        <Setter Property="BorderBrush"
                                TargetName="border"
                                Value="{StaticResource ScrollBar.Disabled.Border}" />
                     </Trigger>
                  </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
               </ControlTemplate>
            </Setter.Value>
         </Setter>
      </Style>
      <Style x:Key="ScrollBarThumbVertical"
             TargetType="{x:Type Thumb}">
         <Setter Property="OverridesDefaultStyle"
                 Value="true" />
         <Setter Property="IsTabStop"
                 Value="false" />
         <Setter Property="Template">
            <Setter.Value>
               <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Thumb}">
                  <Rectangle x:Name="rectangle"
                             Fill="{StaticResource ScrollBar.Static.Thumb}"
                             Height="{TemplateBinding Height}"
                             SnapsToDevicePixels="True"
                             Width="{TemplateBinding Width}" />
                  <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                     <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver"
                              Value="true">
                        <Setter Property="Fill"
                                TargetName="rectangle"
                                Value="{StaticResource ScrollBar.MouseOver.Thumb}" />
                     </Trigger>
                     <Trigger Property="IsDragging"
                              Value="true">
                        <Setter Property="Fill"
                                TargetName="rectangle"
                                Value="{StaticResource ScrollBar.Pressed.Thumb}" />
                     </Trigger>
                  </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
               </ControlTemplate>
            </Setter.Value>
         </Setter>
      </Style>
      <Style x:Key="ScrollBarThumbHorizontal"
             TargetType="{x:Type Thumb}">
         <Setter Property="OverridesDefaultStyle"
                 Value="true" />
         <Setter Property="IsTabStop"
                 Value="false" />
         <Setter Property="Template">
            <Setter.Value>
               <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Thumb}">
                  <Rectangle x:Name="rectangle"
                             Fill="{StaticResource ScrollBar.Static.Thumb}"
                             Height="{TemplateBinding Height}"
                             SnapsToDevicePixels="True"
                             Width="{TemplateBinding Width}" />
                  <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                     <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver"
                              Value="true">
                        <Setter Property="Fill"
                                TargetName="rectangle"
                                Value="{StaticResource ScrollBar.MouseOver.Thumb}" />
                     </Trigger>
                     <Trigger Property="IsDragging"
                              Value="true">
                        <Setter Property="Fill"
                                TargetName="rectangle"
                                Value="{StaticResource ScrollBar.Pressed.Thumb}" />
                     </Trigger>
                  </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
               </ControlTemplate>
            </Setter.Value>
         </Setter>
      </Style>
      <Style TargetType="{x:Type ScrollBar}">
         <Setter Property="Stylus.IsPressAndHoldEnabled"
                 Value="false" />
         <Setter Property="Stylus.IsFlicksEnabled"
                 Value="false" />
         <Setter Property="Background"
                 Value="{StaticResource ScrollBar.Static.Background}" />
         <Setter Property="BorderBrush"
                 Value="{StaticResource ScrollBar.Static.Border}" />
         <Setter Property="Foreground"
                 Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.ControlTextBrushKey}}" />
         <Setter Property="BorderThickness"
                 Value="1,0" />
         <Setter Property="Width"
                 Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemParameters.VerticalScrollBarWidthKey}}" />
         <Setter Property="MinWidth"
                 Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemParameters.VerticalScrollBarWidthKey}}" />
         <Setter Property="Template">
            <Setter.Value>
               <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type ScrollBar}">
                  <Grid x:Name="Bg"
                        SnapsToDevicePixels="true">
                     <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                        <RowDefinition MaxHeight="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemParameters.VerticalScrollBarButtonHeightKey}}" />
                        <RowDefinition Height="0.00001*" />
                        <RowDefinition MaxHeight="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemParameters.VerticalScrollBarButtonHeightKey}}" />
                     </Grid.RowDefinitions>
                     <Border Background="{TemplateBinding Background}"
                             BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}"
                             BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}"
                             Grid.Row="1" />
                     <RepeatButton x:Name="PART_LineUpButton"
                                   Command="{x:Static ScrollBar.LineUpCommand}"
                                   IsEnabled="{TemplateBinding IsMouseOver}"
                                   Style="{StaticResource ScrollBarButton}">
                        <Path x:Name="ArrowTop"
                              Data="M 0,4 C0,4 0,6 0,6 0,6 3.5,2.5 3.5,2.5 3.5,2.5 7,6 7,6 7,6 7,4 7,4 7,4 3.5,0.5 3.5,0.5 3.5,0.5 0,4 0,4 z"
                              Fill="{StaticResource ScrollBar.Static.Glyph}"
                              Margin="3,4,3,3"
                              Stretch="Uniform" />
                     </RepeatButton>
                     <Track x:Name="PART_Track"
                            IsEnabled="{TemplateBinding IsMouseOver}"
                            IsDirectionReversed="true"
                            Grid.Row="1">
                        <Track.DecreaseRepeatButton>
                           <RepeatButton Command="{x:Static ScrollBar.PageUpCommand}"
                                         Style="{StaticResource RepeatButtonTransparent}" />
                        </Track.DecreaseRepeatButton>
                        <Track.IncreaseRepeatButton>
                           <RepeatButton Command="{x:Static ScrollBar.PageDownCommand}"
                                         Style="{StaticResource RepeatButtonTransparent}" />
                        </Track.IncreaseRepeatButton>
                        <Track.Thumb>
                           <Thumb Style="{StaticResource ScrollBarThumbVertical}" />
                        </Track.Thumb>
                     </Track>
                     <RepeatButton x:Name="PART_LineDownButton"
                                   Command="{x:Static ScrollBar.LineDownCommand}"
                                   IsEnabled="{TemplateBinding IsMouseOver}"
                                   Grid.Row="2"
                                   Style="{StaticResource ScrollBarButton}">
                        <Path x:Name="ArrowBottom"
                              Data="M 0,2.5 C0,2.5 0,0.5 0,0.5 0,0.5 3.5,4 3.5,4 3.5,4 7,0.5 7,0.5 7,0.5 7,2.5 7,2.5 7,2.5 3.5,6 3.5,6 3.5,6 0,2.5 0,2.5 z"
                              Fill="{StaticResource ScrollBar.Static.Glyph}"
                              Margin="3,4,3,3"
                              Stretch="Uniform" />
                     </RepeatButton>
                  </Grid>
                  <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                     <MultiDataTrigger>
                        <MultiDataTrigger.Conditions>
                           <Condition Binding="{Binding IsMouseOver, ElementName=PART_LineDownButton}"
                                      Value="true" />
                           <Condition Binding="{Binding IsPressed, ElementName=PART_LineDownButton}"
                                      Value="true" />
                        </MultiDataTrigger.Conditions>
                        <Setter Property="Fill"
                                TargetName="ArrowBottom"
                                Value="{StaticResource ScrollBar.Pressed.Glyph}" />
                     </MultiDataTrigger>
                     <MultiDataTrigger>
                        <MultiDataTrigger.Conditions>
                           <Condition Binding="{Binding IsMouseOver, ElementName=PART_LineUpButton}"
                                      Value="true" />
                           <Condition Binding="{Binding IsPressed, ElementName=PART_LineUpButton}"
                                      Value="true" />
                        </MultiDataTrigger.Conditions>
                        <Setter Property="Fill"
                                TargetName="ArrowTop"
                                Value="{StaticResource ScrollBar.Pressed.Glyph}" />
                     </MultiDataTrigger>
                     <MultiDataTrigger>
                        <MultiDataTrigger.Conditions>
                           <Condition Binding="{Binding IsMouseOver, ElementName=PART_LineDownButton}"
                                      Value="true" />
                           <Condition Binding="{Binding IsPressed, ElementName=PART_LineDownButton}"
                                      Value="false" />
                        </MultiDataTrigger.Conditions>
                        <Setter Property="Fill"
                                TargetName="ArrowBottom"
                                Value="{StaticResource ScrollBar.MouseOver.Glyph}" />
                     </MultiDataTrigger>
                     <MultiDataTrigger>
                        <MultiDataTrigger.Conditions>
                           <Condition Binding="{Binding IsMouseOver, ElementName=PART_LineUpButton}"
                                      Value="true" />
                           <Condition Binding="{Binding IsPressed, ElementName=PART_LineUpButton}"
                                      Value="false" />
                        </MultiDataTrigger.Conditions>
                        <Setter Property="Fill"
                                TargetName="ArrowTop"
                                Value="{StaticResource ScrollBar.MouseOver.Glyph}" />
                     </MultiDataTrigger>
                     <Trigger Property="IsEnabled"
                              Value="false">
                        <Setter Property="Fill"
                                TargetName="ArrowTop"
                                Value="{StaticResource ScrollBar.Disabled.Glyph}" />
                        <Setter Property="Fill"
                                TargetName="ArrowBottom"
                                Value="{StaticResource ScrollBar.Disabled.Glyph}" />
                     </Trigger>
                  </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
               </ControlTemplate>
            </Setter.Value>
         </Setter>
         <Style.Triggers>
            <Trigger Property="Orientation"
                     Value="Horizontal">
               <Setter Property="Width"
                       Value="Auto" />
               <Setter Property="MinWidth"
                       Value="0" />
               <Setter Property="Height"
                       Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemParameters.HorizontalScrollBarHeightKey}}" />
               <Setter Property="MinHeight"
                       Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemParameters.HorizontalScrollBarHeightKey}}" />
               <Setter Property="BorderThickness"
                       Value="0,1" />
               <Setter Property="Template">
                  <Setter.Value>
                     <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type ScrollBar}">
                        <Grid x:Name="Bg"
                              SnapsToDevicePixels="true">
                           <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                              <ColumnDefinition MaxWidth="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemParameters.HorizontalScrollBarButtonWidthKey}}" />
                              <ColumnDefinition Width="0.00001*" />
                              <ColumnDefinition MaxWidth="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemParameters.HorizontalScrollBarButtonWidthKey}}" />
                           </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                           <Border Background="{TemplateBinding Background}"
                                   BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}"
                                   BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}"
                                   Grid.Column="1" />
                           <RepeatButton x:Name="PART_LineLeftButton"
                                         Command="{x:Static ScrollBar.LineLeftCommand}"
                                         IsEnabled="{TemplateBinding IsMouseOver}"
                                         Style="{StaticResource ScrollBarButton}">
                              <Path x:Name="ArrowLeft"
                                    Data="M 3.18,7 C3.18,7 5,7 5,7 5,7 1.81,3.5 1.81,3.5 1.81,3.5 5,0 5,0 5,0 3.18,0 3.18,0 3.18,0 0,3.5 0,3.5 0,3.5 3.18,7 3.18,7 z"
                                    Fill="{StaticResource ScrollBar.Static.Glyph}"
                                    Margin="3"
                                    Stretch="Uniform" />
                           </RepeatButton>
                           <Track x:Name="PART_Track"
                                  Grid.Column="1"
                                  IsEnabled="{TemplateBinding IsMouseOver}">
                              <Track.DecreaseRepeatButton>
                                 <RepeatButton Command="{x:Static ScrollBar.PageLeftCommand}"
                                               Style="{StaticResource RepeatButtonTransparent}" />
                              </Track.DecreaseRepeatButton>
                              <Track.IncreaseRepeatButton>
                                 <RepeatButton Command="{x:Static ScrollBar.PageRightCommand}"
                                               Style="{StaticResource RepeatButtonTransparent}" />
                              </Track.IncreaseRepeatButton>
                              <Track.Thumb>
                                 <Thumb Style="{StaticResource ScrollBarThumbHorizontal}" />
                              </Track.Thumb>
                           </Track>
                           <RepeatButton x:Name="PART_LineRightButton"
                                         Command="{x:Static ScrollBar.LineRightCommand}"
                                         Grid.Column="2"
                                         IsEnabled="{TemplateBinding IsMouseOver}"
                                         Style="{StaticResource ScrollBarButton}">
                              <Path x:Name="ArrowRight"
                                    Data="M 1.81,7 C1.81,7 0,7 0,7 0,7 3.18,3.5 3.18,3.5 3.18,3.5 0,0 0,0 0,0 1.81,0 1.81,0 1.81,0 5,3.5 5,3.5 5,3.5 1.81,7 1.81,7 z"
                                    Fill="{StaticResource ScrollBar.Static.Glyph}"
                                    Margin="3"
                                    Stretch="Uniform" />
                           </RepeatButton>
                        </Grid>
                        <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                           <MultiDataTrigger>
                              <MultiDataTrigger.Conditions>
                                 <Condition Binding="{Binding IsMouseOver, ElementName=PART_LineRightButton}"
                                            Value="true" />
                                 <Condition Binding="{Binding IsPressed, ElementName=PART_LineRightButton}"
                                            Value="true" />
                              </MultiDataTrigger.Conditions>
                              <Setter Property="Fill"
                                      TargetName="ArrowRight"
                                      Value="{StaticResource ScrollBar.Pressed.Glyph}" />
                           </MultiDataTrigger>
                           <MultiDataTrigger>
                              <MultiDataTrigger.Conditions>
                                 <Condition Binding="{Binding IsMouseOver, ElementName=PART_LineLeftButton}"
                                            Value="true" />
                                 <Condition Binding="{Binding IsPressed, ElementName=PART_LineLeftButton}"
                                            Value="true" />
                              </MultiDataTrigger.Conditions>
                              <Setter Property="Fill"
                                      TargetName="ArrowLeft"
                                      Value="{StaticResource ScrollBar.Pressed.Glyph}" />
                           </MultiDataTrigger>
                           <MultiDataTrigger>
                              <MultiDataTrigger.Conditions>
                                 <Condition Binding="{Binding IsMouseOver, ElementName=PART_LineRightButton}"
                                            Value="true" />
                                 <Condition Binding="{Binding IsPressed, ElementName=PART_LineRightButton}"
                                            Value="false" />
                              </MultiDataTrigger.Conditions>
                              <Setter Property="Fill"
                                      TargetName="ArrowRight"
                                      Value="{StaticResource ScrollBar.MouseOver.Glyph}" />
                           </MultiDataTrigger>
                           <MultiDataTrigger>
                              <MultiDataTrigger.Conditions>
                                 <Condition Binding="{Binding IsMouseOver, ElementName=PART_LineLeftButton}"
                                            Value="true" />
                                 <Condition Binding="{Binding IsPressed, ElementName=PART_LineLeftButton}"
                                            Value="false" />
                              </MultiDataTrigger.Conditions>
                              <Setter Property="Fill"
                                      TargetName="ArrowLeft"
                                      Value="{StaticResource ScrollBar.MouseOver.Glyph}" />
                           </MultiDataTrigger>
                           <Trigger Property="IsEnabled"
                                    Value="false">
                              <Setter Property="Fill"
                                      TargetName="ArrowLeft"
                                      Value="{StaticResource ScrollBar.Disabled.Glyph}" />
                              <Setter Property="Fill"
                                      TargetName="ArrowRight"
                                      Value="{StaticResource ScrollBar.Disabled.Glyph}" />
                           </Trigger>
                        </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                     </ControlTemplate>
                  </Setter.Value>
               </Setter>
            </Trigger>
         </Style.Triggers>
      </Style>
   </Style.Resources>
</Style>

如果 ListBox 中有（无论出于何种原因）嵌套滚动条，样式也将应用到那里，因为它们是隐式的。如果您运行在那里遇到问题，请提取 full ListBox 样式并为包含的 ScrollViewer 创建一个显式样式，您可以自定义相同的样式方式。

Also how about in another window and with the ability to alter them at runtime? I've tried numerous approaches using FindResource and Resources.FindName [...]

为了在运行时更改资源或主题，您可以将有问题的资源添加到 ResourceDicitonary 并将其添加到应用程序资源字典（在 App.xaml 中） .您必须使用 DynamicResource 引用资源，否则资源被替换时不会更新。然后在运行时，您可以将资源字典替换为另一个以更改样式。查看这些相关问题和答案。

WPF: Changing Resources (colors) from the App.xaml during runtime
Change theme at runtime

如何以编程方式更改 ListBox ScrollBar 的 ScrollBar Foreground/Background 属性？

How to programmatically change ScrollBar Foreground/Background properties of a ListBox ScrollBar?

wpf

listbox

scrollbar