根据拆分值透视动态列

Question

我有几个 table 如下所示

位置table

Id	PositionName
1	Developer
2	Analyst
3	Tester

员工table

Id	Name	Positions
1	John	`1,2`
2	Lisa	`3`
3	Smith	`1`
4	Willow	`NULL`
5	Burly	`2,3`

从上面的 tables 中，生成如下透视报表的查询是什么？

Id	Name	Developer	Analyst	Tester
1	John	Y	Y	N
2	Lisa	N	N	Y
3	Smith	Y	N	N
4	Willow	N	N	N
5	Burly	N	Y	Y

我坚持这样一个事实，我必须做一些拆分字符串并使用 CASE WHEN 将 Y 或 N 应用于枢轴。

这是我在 SQL fiddle http://sqlfiddle.com/#!18/2ad8d/31

的游乐场

Answer 1

您只需加入Positiontable即可获得职位名称

DECLARE @cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @query  AS NVARCHAR(MAX);

SET @cols = STUFF((SELECT DISTINCT ',' + QUOTENAME(Name)
    FROM Position
    FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE ).value('text()[1]', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)') 
        ,1,1,'');

set @query = N'
SELECT Name,' + @cols + N'
from 
(
    SELECT e.Name, p.PositionName
    FROM Employee AS e
    CROSS APPLY dbo.SplitString(Position, '','') AS ep(PositionId)
    JOIN Position AS p ON p.Id = ep.PositionId
) x
pivot 
(
    COUNT(*)
    FOR p.PositionName IN (' + @cols + N')
) p
';

exec sp_executesql @query;

Answer 2

我现在无法让 Fiddle 正常工作，但代码还不错，可以完全重现。请注意，您应该注意您的@Cols 变量，以确保您所有的位置名称在现实生活中都用作列名称，但通常情况并非如此！另请注意，您的原始示例有重复的员工 ID，我给了他们唯一的值。

CREATE  table Position (
  Id int,
  Name varchar(10)
);

insert into Position values
(1, 'Developer'),
(2, 'Analyist'),
(3, 'Tester');

CREATE table Employee (
  Id int,
  Name varchar(10),
  Position varchar(MAX)
);

insert into Employee values
(1, 'John', '1,3'),
(2, 'Lisa', '3'),
(3, 'Smith', '1'),
(4, 'Willow', NULL),
(5, 'Burly', '2,3');

--This is your basic working PIVOT, we'll implement as a dynamic query once we're satisfied it works
;with cteEmp as (
    SELECT E.Id as EID, E.Name as EName, P.Name as PName
        , CASE WHEN CHARINDEX(CONVERT(nvarchar(10), P.Id)
            , CONCAT(',', E.Position, ',') ) > 0 THEN 'Y' ELSE 'N' END as HasPos 
    FROM Employee as E CROSS JOIN Position as P
)SELECT Piv.* FROM cteEmp as E PIVOT (max(HasPos) FOR PName in (Developer, Analyist, Tester)) as Piv;


--To make it dynamic, build the list of positions from a query
DECLARE @cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @query  AS NVARCHAR(MAX)

select @cols = STUFF((SELECT DISTINCT ',' + QUOTENAME(Name)
    FROM Position
    FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE ).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)') 
        ,1,1,'')

set @query = 'with cteEmp as (
    SELECT E.Id as EID, E.Name as EName, P.Name as PName
        , CASE WHEN CHARINDEX(CONVERT(nvarchar(10), P.Id)
            --, CONCAT('','', E.Position, '','') ) > 0 --Not 2008R2!
            , '','' + E.Position + '','' ) > 0  
               THEN ''Y'' ELSE ''N'' END as HasPos 
    FROM Employee as E CROSS JOIN Position as P
)SELECT Piv.* FROM cteEmp as E PIVOT (max(HasPos) 
FOR PName in (' + @cols + ') ) as Piv;'

execute(@query)

编辑：修复了动态查询中缺少的右括号。

编辑：注意：这不使用拆分功能，它利用了 ID 必须是整数并且列出的位置以可预测的方式分隔的事实。我们不需要位置 ID 列表，我们只需要知道所讨论的位置 ID 是否在列表中。我们在前面和后面添加逗号，这样我们就可以搜索“,1”，而不仅仅是“1”，因为“1”也会匹配“21”，但“,1”只会匹配单个 ID。

根据拆分值透视动态列

Pivoting a dynamic column based on split value

sql

sql-server

sql-server-2008-r2