在复数计算器项目中使用 Class 的问题

Question

我是 Thomas，我是一名计算机科学专业的学生。对于我在 Python 中的最新 OOP 项目，我一直在尝试做一个简单的复数计算器。

我的任务涉及在 Python

中制作一个 2- class 项目

首先是class有3个方法：

1st - 创建复数 2nd - 显示复数 3 - 擦除复数

第二个class有四种方法：加、减、乘、除。我先做了 class 和它的方法，我认为它们在基本层面上工作得很好（当然代码是原始的，它需要大量的工作:( )

我偶然发现了第二个 class 的问题。我不能正确使用方法：加、减、乘和除。我想使用以前创建的两个复数的数学方法，但我找不到正确完成任务的方法。

感谢任何帮助。谢谢！

我的代码：

class Complex (object):
    def __init__(self, real, imaginary):
        self.real = real
        self.imaginary = imaginary

    def create_number(self):
        self.real = (float(input("Enter a real part of the complex number")))
        self.imaginary = (float(input("Enter an imaginary part of the complex number")))
        return Complex(self.real, self.imaginary)

    def display_number(self):
        print(f"Your complex number is: {Complex(self.real, self.imaginary)}")

    def erase_number(self):
        (self.real, self.imaginary) = (0, 0)
        print(f"Number is erased: {(self.real, self.imaginary)}")

    def __str__(self):
        if type(self.real) == int and type(self.imaginary) == int:
            if self.imaginary >= 0:
                return '%d+%di' % (self.real, self.imaginary)
            elif self.imaginary < 0:
                return '%d%di' % (self.real, self.imaginary)
        else:
            if self.imaginary >= 0:
                return '%f+%fi' % (self.real, self.imaginary)
            elif self.imaginary < 0:
               return '%f%fi' % (self.real, self.imaginary)


class Calculator(object):
    def __init__(self, real, imaginary):
        self.real = real
        self.imaginary = imaginary

    def __add__(self, other):
        result_real = self.real+other.real
        result_imaginary = self.imaginary+other.imaginary
        result = Complex(result_real, result_imaginary)
        return result

    def __sub__(self, other):
        result_real = self.real-other.real
        result_imaginary = self.imaginary-other.imaginary
        result = Complex(result_real, result_imaginary)
        return result

    def __mul__(self, other):
        result_real = (self.real*other.real-self.imaginary*other.imaginary)
        result_imaginary = (self.real*other.imaginary+other.real*self.imaginary)
        result = Complex(result_real, result_imaginary)
        return result

    def __truediv__(self, other):
        result_real = float(float(self.real*other.real+self.imaginary*other.imaginary)/float(other.real*other.real+other.imaginary*other.imaginary))
        result_imaginary = float(float(other.real*self.imaginary-self.real*other.imaginary)/float(other.real*other.real+other.imaginary*other.imaginary))
        result = Complex(result_real, result_imaginary)
        return result


c1 = Complex(0, 0)
c2 = Complex(0, 0)

calc1 = Calculator(0, 0)
calc2= Calculator(0, 0)

choice = 1
while choice != 0:
    print("0. Exit")
    print("1. Construction of a complex number 1")
    print("2. Construction of a complex number 2")
    print("3. Display complex number 1")
    print("4. Display complex number 2")
    print("5. Erase complex number 1")
    print("6. Erase complex number 2")
    print("7. Addition")
    print("8. Subtraction")
    print("9. Multiplication")
    print("10. Division")
    choice = int(input("Enter choice: "))

    if choice == 1:
        print("Result: ", c1.create_number())
    elif choice == 2:
        print("Result: ", c2.create_number())
    elif choice == 3:
        print("Result: ", c1.display_number())
    elif choice == 4:
        print("Result: ", c2.display_number())
    elif choice == 5:
        print("Result: ", c1.erase_number())
    elif choice == 6:
        print("Result: ", c2.erase_number())
    elif choice == 7:
        print("Result: ", calc1.__add__(calc2))
    elif choice == 8:
        print("Result: ", calc1.__sub__(calc2))
    elif choice == 9:
        print("Result: ", calc1.__mul__(calc2))
    elif choice == 10:
        print("Result: ", calc1.__truediv__(calc2))
    elif choice == 0:
        print("Exiting!")
    else:
        print("Invalid choice!!")

Answer 1

这可能无法回答您的问题，但无论如何都是有效的知识。

__add__ 系列方法 ('magic methods') 仅供 python 内部使用。

当你写 a + b 时，python 将检查 a 是否恰好有一个 __add__ 方法，并使用它，如果没有则使用 b的__radd__方法。

所以应该简单地 'use' 间接的方法：print("Result: ", calc1 + calc2).

Answer 2

目前计算器和复杂对象之间没有任何关系。计算器的 real/imaginary 属性初始化为 0，但从未更新。

解决此问题的一种方法是使用对 Complex 对象的引用来初始化计算器：

class Calculator(object):
    def __init__(self, complex_number):
        self.complex_number = complex_number

    def __add__(self, other):
        result_real = self.complex_number.real+other.complex_number.real
        result_imaginary = self.complex_number.imaginary+other.complex_number.imaginary
        result = Complex(result_real, result_imaginary)
        return result
    # other methods should be modified as appropriate..


c1 = Complex(0, 0)
c2 = Complex(0, 0)

calc1 = Calculator(c1)
calc2= Calculator(c2)

用户将在调用 create_number 时更新 c1，并且计算器将在用户调用 add.[=13 时引用该（现已更新）复杂对象=]

在复数计算器项目中使用 Class 的问题

Problem with using a Class in complex numbers calculator project

python

oop

complex-numbers