重组数据框 R - 在一列中收集年份

Question

我有一个大数据框，如下所示：

location	type	2005			2006			2007
		Sentenced	Female	College	Sentenced	Female	College	Sentenced	Female	College
Paris	1	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
Paris	2	No	No	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Yes
Paris	3	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes
Madrid	1	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No
Madrid	2	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes
Miami	1	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes

我想重组它，使其看起来像这样：

year	location	Type	Sentenced	Female	College
2005	Paris	1	Yes	No	Yes
2005	Paris	2	Yes	No	Yes
2005	Paris	3	Yes	No	Yes
2005	Madrid	1	Yes	No	Yes
2005	Madrid	2	Yes	No	Yes
2005	Miami	1	Yes	No	Yes
2006	Paris	1	Yes	No	Yes
2006	Paris	2	Yes	No	Yes
2006	Paris	3	Yes	No	Yes
2006	Madrid	1	Yes	No	Yes
2006	Madrid	2	Yes	No	Yes
2006	Miami	3	Yes	No	Yes

请不要关注两个表的内部有效性。只是为了视觉化。

我尝试了 R 中的 gather 函数，但失败了，因为它似乎每年只需要一个变量而不是三个（在我的例子中：被判刑、女性、大学）。

有什么建议吗？

谢谢

Answer 1

我试过重现你的例子：

test <- structure(list(location = c(NA, "Paris", "Paris", "Paris", "Madrid", 
"Madrid", "Miami"), type = c(NA, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 1), `2005...3` = c("Sentenced", 
"Yes", "No", "No", "Yes", "No", "Yes"), `2005...4` = c("Female", 
"No", "No", "Yes", "No", "Yes", "No"), `2005...5` = c("College", 
"Yes", "No", "No", "No", "No", "Yes"), `2006...6` = c("Sentenced", 
"No", "Yes", "Yes", "No", "No", "Yes"), `2006...7` = c("Female", 
"No", "No", "No", "Yes", "Yes", "No"), `2006...8` = c("College", 
"Yes", "Yes", "Yes", "No", "No", "Yes"), `2007...9` = c("Sentenced", 
"No", "No", "Yes", "No", "Yes", "Yes"), `2007...10` = c("Female", 
"Yes", "No", "No", "Yes", "No", "No"), `2007...11` = c("College", 
"No", "Yes", "Yes", "No", "Yes", "Yes")), row.names = c(NA, -7L
 ), class = c("tbl_df", "tbl", "data.frame"))

您基本上需要合并前两行以形成一个 header 并使用以下代码

names(test) <- paste(names(test),test[1,],sep = "_") 
test <- test[-1,]

test <- gather(test,"key","value",3:11)
test <- test %>% separate(key,c("Year","Key"),"_")      
test <- test %>% separate(Year,c("Year","Garbage"),"[.]")
test <- test %>% select(-Garbage)
test <- test %>% spread(Key,value)

重组数据框 R - 在一列中收集年份

Restructure data frame R - gather years in one column

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