Kotlin 使用 BigDecimal 与 Double 进行计算
Kotlin Calculating with BigDecimal vs Double
我有两个函数。一个使用 BigInteger
和 BigDecimal
。我想使用泰勒级数计算 sin(z)
:
这是我的代码:
fun sinus(z: BigDecimal, upperBound: Int = 100): BigDecimal = calcSin(z, upperBound)
fun cosinus(z: BigDecimal, upperBound: Int = 100): BigDecimal = calcSin(z, upperBound, false)
fun calcSin(z: BigDecimal, upperBound: Int = 100, isSin: Boolean = true): BigDecimal {
var erg: BigDecimal = BigDecimal.ZERO
for (n in 0..upperBound) {
// val zaehler = (-1.0).pow(n).toBigDecimal() * z.pow(2 * n + (if (isSin) 1 else 0))
// val nenner = fac(2 * n + (if (isSin) 1 else 0)).toBigDecimal()
val zaehler = (-1.0).pow(n).toBigDecimal() * z.pow(2 * n + 1)
val nenner = fac(2 * n + 1).toBigDecimal()
erg += (zaehler / nenner)
}
return erg
}
fun calcSin(z: Double, upperBound: Int = 100): Double {
var res = 0.0
for (n in 0..upperBound) {
val zaehler = (-1.0).pow(n) * z.pow(2 * n + 1)
val nenner = fac(2 * n + 1, true)
res += (zaehler / nenner)
}
return res
}
fun fac(n: Int): BigInteger = if (n == 0 || n == 1) BigInteger.ONE else n.toBigInteger() * fac(n - 1)
fun fac(n: Int, dummy: Boolean): Double = if (n == 0 || n == 1) 1.0 else n.toDouble() * fac(n - 1, dummy)
根据Google,Sin(1)是
0.8414709848
但是下面的输出是:
println("Sinus 1: ${sinus(1.0.toBigDecimal())}")
println("Sinus 1: ${sinus(1.0.toBigDecimal()).toDouble()}")
println("Sinus 1: ${sinus(1.0.toBigDecimal(), 1000)}")
println("Sinus 1: ${calcSin(1.0)}")
输出:
Sinus 1: 0.8414373208078281027995610599000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
Sinus 1: 0.8414373208078281
Sinus 1: 0.8414373208078281027995610599000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
Sinus 1: 0.8414709848078965
我错过了什么?为什么 Double-Variant 给出了正确的值,而 BigDecimal 却没有?即使有 1000 次迭代。
注释掉的代码也是用于计算 Cos 的,但想先弄清楚这个问题,所以我让两个函数看起来一样
在 BigDecimal
变体中,尝试将 erg += (zaehler / nenner)
替换为 erg += (zaehler.divide(nenner, 20, RoundingMode.HALF_EVEN))
我怀疑缩放除法结果的默认值(如此处所述 https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/11/docs/api/java.base/java/math/BigDecimal.html)不是您想要的。
顺便说一句 - 我假设性能不是练习的一部分,否则你的阶乘实现是一个容易实现的目标。
我有两个函数。一个使用 BigInteger
和 BigDecimal
。我想使用泰勒级数计算 sin(z)
:
这是我的代码:
fun sinus(z: BigDecimal, upperBound: Int = 100): BigDecimal = calcSin(z, upperBound)
fun cosinus(z: BigDecimal, upperBound: Int = 100): BigDecimal = calcSin(z, upperBound, false)
fun calcSin(z: BigDecimal, upperBound: Int = 100, isSin: Boolean = true): BigDecimal {
var erg: BigDecimal = BigDecimal.ZERO
for (n in 0..upperBound) {
// val zaehler = (-1.0).pow(n).toBigDecimal() * z.pow(2 * n + (if (isSin) 1 else 0))
// val nenner = fac(2 * n + (if (isSin) 1 else 0)).toBigDecimal()
val zaehler = (-1.0).pow(n).toBigDecimal() * z.pow(2 * n + 1)
val nenner = fac(2 * n + 1).toBigDecimal()
erg += (zaehler / nenner)
}
return erg
}
fun calcSin(z: Double, upperBound: Int = 100): Double {
var res = 0.0
for (n in 0..upperBound) {
val zaehler = (-1.0).pow(n) * z.pow(2 * n + 1)
val nenner = fac(2 * n + 1, true)
res += (zaehler / nenner)
}
return res
}
fun fac(n: Int): BigInteger = if (n == 0 || n == 1) BigInteger.ONE else n.toBigInteger() * fac(n - 1)
fun fac(n: Int, dummy: Boolean): Double = if (n == 0 || n == 1) 1.0 else n.toDouble() * fac(n - 1, dummy)
根据Google,Sin(1)是
0.8414709848
但是下面的输出是:
println("Sinus 1: ${sinus(1.0.toBigDecimal())}")
println("Sinus 1: ${sinus(1.0.toBigDecimal()).toDouble()}")
println("Sinus 1: ${sinus(1.0.toBigDecimal(), 1000)}")
println("Sinus 1: ${calcSin(1.0)}")
输出:
Sinus 1: 0.8414373208078281027995610599000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
Sinus 1: 0.8414373208078281
Sinus 1: 0.8414373208078281027995610599000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
Sinus 1: 0.8414709848078965
我错过了什么?为什么 Double-Variant 给出了正确的值,而 BigDecimal 却没有?即使有 1000 次迭代。 注释掉的代码也是用于计算 Cos 的,但想先弄清楚这个问题,所以我让两个函数看起来一样
在 BigDecimal
变体中,尝试将 erg += (zaehler / nenner)
替换为 erg += (zaehler.divide(nenner, 20, RoundingMode.HALF_EVEN))
我怀疑缩放除法结果的默认值(如此处所述 https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/11/docs/api/java.base/java/math/BigDecimal.html)不是您想要的。
顺便说一句 - 我假设性能不是练习的一部分,否则你的阶乘实现是一个容易实现的目标。