如何输出一组列和值,每行一列作为 presto 中的键值对?

How do I output a set of columns and values, with one column per row as key value pairs in presto?

我有表格的数据

id | col1 | col2 | col3 | col4 | col5 | col6 |
----------------------------------------------
1 |   a   |    b |   c  |   d  |   e  |   f  |
2 |   a   |    b |   c  |   d  |   e  |   f  |
3 |   a   |    b |   c  |   d  |   e  |   f  |

我正在尝试填写表格

id | key | value |
------------------
1  | col1| a
1  | col2| b
1  | col3| c
1  | col4| d
1  | col5| e
1  | col6| f
2  | col1| a
2  | col2| b
2  | col3| c
2  | col4| d
2  | col5| e
2  | col6| f
3  | col1| a
3  | col2| b
3  | col3| c
3  | col4| d
3  | col5| e
3  | col6| f

而且我一辈子都想不出该怎么做。我可以完成相反的操作,并通过执行以下操作将地图转换为基于键的单行,但我不确定如何根据列从单行转到多行。

SELECT
  id,
  key['a'] AS col1,
  key['b'] AS col2
FROM (
  SELECT id, map_agg(key, value) key
  FROM table_a
  GROUP BY id
) temp

这有可能吗?

我手头没有 Presto/Athena 来测试这个,但我认为方法是:

select t.id, kv[1] as key, kv[2] as value
from (select t.*,
             array[row('col1', col1),
                   row('col2', col2),
                   row('col3', col3),
                   row('col4', col4),
                   row('col5', col5),
                   row('col6', col6)
                  ] as kv_ar
      from t
     ) t cross join
     unnest(kv_ar) kv

您可以压缩数组并使用 cross join unnest 取消嵌套它们。因此,使用列名和列值构造一个压缩数组,然后使用 unnest.

with test (id,col1,col2,col3,col4,col5,col6) AS (
values
(1,'a','b','c','d','e','f'),
(2,'a','b','c','d','e','f'),
(3,'a','b','c','d','e','f')
)
select id, k, v
from test
cross join unnest(
    array['col1', 'col2', 'col3', 'col4','col5', 'col6']
  , array[col1, col2, col3, col4, col5, col6]
) as x(k, v)