django.db.utils.IntegrityError: NOT NULL constraint failed: app_user.zip
django.db.utils.IntegrityError: NOT NULL constraint failed: app_user.zip
我在我的应用程序中创建此模型时无法创建超级用户。
当我从我的设置中删除 AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'app.User' 然后显示另一个错误“django.core.exceptions.FieldError：为用户指定的未知字段（full_name）”但我可以创建超级用户那时。即使我尝试用“null=True”填写每个字段并解决了错误，但无法使用创建的电子邮件密码登录到我的管理面板。我无法准确理解问题出在哪里。
。
这是我的全部代码。
Models.py
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import (
AbstractBaseUser, BaseUserManager, PermissionsMixin
)
from creditcards.models import CardNumberField, CardExpiryField, SecurityCodeField
class UserManager(BaseUserManager):
def create_user(self, email, full_name, password=None, is_active=True, is_staff=False, is_admin=False):
if not email:
raise ValueError("Users must have an Email address.")
if not password:
raise ValueError("Users must have a Password")
if not full_name:
raise ValueError("Users must have a Full Name")
user_obj = self.model(
email = self.normalize_email(email),
full_name=full_name
)
user_obj.set_password(password)
user_obj.staff = is_staff
user_obj.admin = is_admin
user_obj.active = is_active
user_obj.save(using=self._db)
return user_obj
def create_staffuser(self, email, full_name, password=None):
user = self.create_user(
email,
full_name,
password=password,
is_staff=True
)
return user
def create_superuser(self, email, full_name, password=None):
user = self.create_user(
email,
full_name,
password=password,
is_staff=True,
is_admin=False # will be True
)
return user
class User(AbstractBaseUser):
email = models.EmailField(max_length=255, unique=True)
full_name = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)
active = models.BooleanField(default=True) # Can Login
timestamp = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
staff = models.BooleanField(default=False) # staff user non Superuser
admin = models.BooleanField(default=False)
# Address
address = models.CharField(max_length=355)
zip = models.IntegerField(blank=True)
city = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=False, null=True)
# Payment Method
cc_number = CardNumberField('card number')
cc_expiry = CardExpiryField('expiration date')
cc_code = SecurityCodeField('security code')
USERNAME_FIELD = 'email' # Username
# USERNAME_FILED and password are required by default
REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['full_name'] # 'full_name'
objects = UserManager()
def __str__(self):
return self.email
def get_full_name(self):
return self.email
def get_short_name(self):
return self.email
def has_perm(self, perm, obj=None):
return True
def has_module_perms(self, app_label):
return True
@property
def is_staff(self):
return self.staff
@property
def is_admin(self):
return self.admin
@property
def is_active(self):
return self.active
Forms.py
from django import forms
from django.contrib.auth.forms import ReadOnlyPasswordHashField
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
from django.forms import TextInput
User = get_user_model()
class UserAdminCreationForm(forms.ModelForm):
"""A form for creating new users. Includes all the required
fields, plus a repeated password."""
password1 = forms.CharField(label='Password', widget=forms.PasswordInput)
password2 = forms.CharField(label='Password confirmation', widget=forms.PasswordInput)
class Meta:
model = User
fields = ('full_name', 'email',)
def clean_password2(self):
# Check that the two password entries match
password1 = self.cleaned_data.get("password1")
password2 = self.cleaned_data.get("password2")
if password1 and password2 and password1 != password2:
raise forms.ValidationError("Passwords don't match")
return password2
def save(self, commit=True):
# Save the provided password in hashed format
user = super(UserAdminCreationForm, self).save(commit=False)
user.set_password(self.cleaned_data["password1"])
if commit:
user.save()
return user
class UserAdminChangeForm(forms.ModelForm):
"""A form for updating users. Includes all the fields on
the user, but replaces the password field with admin's
password hash display field.
"""
password = ReadOnlyPasswordHashField()
class Meta:
model = User
fields = ('full_name', 'email', 'password', 'active',)
def clean_password(self):
# Regardless of what the user provides, return the initial value.
# This is done here, rather than on the field, because the
# field does not have access to the initial value
return self.initial["password"]
class RegisterForm(forms.ModelForm):
"""A form for creating new users. Includes all the required
fields, plus a repeated password."""
password1 = forms.CharField(label='Password', widget=forms.PasswordInput)
password2 = forms.CharField(label='Password confirmation', widget=forms.PasswordInput)
class Meta:
model = User
fields = ('full_name', 'email', 'cc_number', 'cc_expiry', 'cc_code', 'zip', 'city',)
widgets = {
'full_name': TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Card Holder Name'}),
'cc_number': TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Card Number'}),
'cc_code': TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Ex: 123'}),
'email': TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Email'}),
}
def clean_password2(self):
# Check that the two password entries match
password1 = self.cleaned_data.get("password1")
password2 = self.cleaned_data.get("password2")
if password1 and password2 and password1 != password2:
raise forms.ValidationError("Passwords don't match")
return password2
def save(self, commit=True):
# Save the provided password in hashed format
user = super(RegisterForm, self).save(commit=False)
user.set_password(self.cleaned_data["password1"])
user.active = False # send for admin approval
if commit:
user.save()
return user
class LoginForm(forms.Form):
username = forms.EmailField(label='Email')
password = forms.CharField(widget=forms.PasswordInput)
Settings.py
...
AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'app.User'
...
当我要创建超级用户然后显示以下错误
(venv) C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4> python manage.py createsuperuser
Email: p@gmail.com
Full name: p da
Password:
Password (again):
This password is too short. It must contain at least 8 characters.
This password is too common.
This password is entirely numeric.
Bypass password validation and create user anyway? [y/N]: y
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 84, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\sqlite3\base.py", line 423, in execute
return Database.Cursor.execute(self, query, params)
sqlite3.IntegrityError: NOT NULL constraint failed: app_user.zip
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\manage.py", line 22, in <module>
main()
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\manage.py", line 18, in main
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 419, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 413, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 354, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\management\commands\createsuperuser.py", line 79, in execute
return super().execute(*args, **options)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 398, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\management\commands\createsuperuser.py", line 189, in handle
self.UserModel._default_manager.db_manager(database).create_superuser(**user_data)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\app\models.py", line 38, in create_superuser
user = self.create_user(
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\app\models.py", line 25, in create_user
user_obj.save(using=self._db)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\base_user.py", line 67, in save
super().save(*args, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 726, in save
self.save_base(using=using, force_insert=force_insert,
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 763, in save_base
updated = self._save_table(
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 868, in _save_table
results = self._do_insert(cls._base_manager, using, fields, returning_fields, raw)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 906, in _do_insert
return manager._insert(
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\manager.py", line 85, in manager_method
return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\query.py", line 1270, in _insert
return query.get_compiler(using=using).execute_sql(returning_fields)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\sql\compiler.py", line 1410, in execute_sql
cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 98, in execute
return super().execute(sql, params)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 66, in execute
return self._execute_with_wrappers(sql, params, many=False, executor=self._execute)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 75, in _execute_with_wrappers
return executor(sql, params, many, context)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 84, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py", line 90, in __exit__
raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 84, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\sqlite3\base.py", line 423, in execute
return Database.Cursor.execute(self, query, params)
django.db.utils.IntegrityError: NOT NULL constraint failed: app_user.zip
您的 zip 字段不能为空，并且您在创建新的 user/superuser 时没有为其设置任何值。添加null=True，默认值或在创建新用户时设置。
此外，zip 是一个 python 内置函数，您可能需要将该字段重命名为 zip_code 或类似名称。
关于无法使用已创建的帐户登录管理面板可能是因为您正在设置 staff 而不是访问管理所需的 is_staff 标志。我建议使用默认命名。
检查文档中的 full example。
我在我的应用程序中创建此模型时无法创建超级用户。
当我从我的设置中删除 AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'app.User' 然后显示另一个错误“django.core.exceptions.FieldError：为用户指定的未知字段（full_name）”但我可以创建超级用户那时。即使我尝试用“null=True”填写每个字段并解决了错误，但无法使用创建的电子邮件密码登录到我的管理面板。我无法准确理解问题出在哪里。
。
这是我的全部代码。
Models.py
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import (
AbstractBaseUser, BaseUserManager, PermissionsMixin
)
from creditcards.models import CardNumberField, CardExpiryField, SecurityCodeField
class UserManager(BaseUserManager):
def create_user(self, email, full_name, password=None, is_active=True, is_staff=False, is_admin=False):
if not email:
raise ValueError("Users must have an Email address.")
if not password:
raise ValueError("Users must have a Password")
if not full_name:
raise ValueError("Users must have a Full Name")
user_obj = self.model(
email = self.normalize_email(email),
full_name=full_name
)
user_obj.set_password(password)
user_obj.staff = is_staff
user_obj.admin = is_admin
user_obj.active = is_active
user_obj.save(using=self._db)
return user_obj
def create_staffuser(self, email, full_name, password=None):
user = self.create_user(
email,
full_name,
password=password,
is_staff=True
)
return user
def create_superuser(self, email, full_name, password=None):
user = self.create_user(
email,
full_name,
password=password,
is_staff=True,
is_admin=False # will be True
)
return user
class User(AbstractBaseUser):
email = models.EmailField(max_length=255, unique=True)
full_name = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)
active = models.BooleanField(default=True) # Can Login
timestamp = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
staff = models.BooleanField(default=False) # staff user non Superuser
admin = models.BooleanField(default=False)
# Address
address = models.CharField(max_length=355)
zip = models.IntegerField(blank=True)
city = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=False, null=True)
# Payment Method
cc_number = CardNumberField('card number')
cc_expiry = CardExpiryField('expiration date')
cc_code = SecurityCodeField('security code')
USERNAME_FIELD = 'email' # Username
# USERNAME_FILED and password are required by default
REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['full_name'] # 'full_name'
objects = UserManager()
def __str__(self):
return self.email
def get_full_name(self):
return self.email
def get_short_name(self):
return self.email
def has_perm(self, perm, obj=None):
return True
def has_module_perms(self, app_label):
return True
@property
def is_staff(self):
return self.staff
@property
def is_admin(self):
return self.admin
@property
def is_active(self):
return self.active
Forms.py
from django import forms
from django.contrib.auth.forms import ReadOnlyPasswordHashField
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
from django.forms import TextInput
User = get_user_model()
class UserAdminCreationForm(forms.ModelForm):
"""A form for creating new users. Includes all the required
fields, plus a repeated password."""
password1 = forms.CharField(label='Password', widget=forms.PasswordInput)
password2 = forms.CharField(label='Password confirmation', widget=forms.PasswordInput)
class Meta:
model = User
fields = ('full_name', 'email',)
def clean_password2(self):
# Check that the two password entries match
password1 = self.cleaned_data.get("password1")
password2 = self.cleaned_data.get("password2")
if password1 and password2 and password1 != password2:
raise forms.ValidationError("Passwords don't match")
return password2
def save(self, commit=True):
# Save the provided password in hashed format
user = super(UserAdminCreationForm, self).save(commit=False)
user.set_password(self.cleaned_data["password1"])
if commit:
user.save()
return user
class UserAdminChangeForm(forms.ModelForm):
"""A form for updating users. Includes all the fields on
the user, but replaces the password field with admin's
password hash display field.
"""
password = ReadOnlyPasswordHashField()
class Meta:
model = User
fields = ('full_name', 'email', 'password', 'active',)
def clean_password(self):
# Regardless of what the user provides, return the initial value.
# This is done here, rather than on the field, because the
# field does not have access to the initial value
return self.initial["password"]
class RegisterForm(forms.ModelForm):
"""A form for creating new users. Includes all the required
fields, plus a repeated password."""
password1 = forms.CharField(label='Password', widget=forms.PasswordInput)
password2 = forms.CharField(label='Password confirmation', widget=forms.PasswordInput)
class Meta:
model = User
fields = ('full_name', 'email', 'cc_number', 'cc_expiry', 'cc_code', 'zip', 'city',)
widgets = {
'full_name': TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Card Holder Name'}),
'cc_number': TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Card Number'}),
'cc_code': TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Ex: 123'}),
'email': TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Email'}),
}
def clean_password2(self):
# Check that the two password entries match
password1 = self.cleaned_data.get("password1")
password2 = self.cleaned_data.get("password2")
if password1 and password2 and password1 != password2:
raise forms.ValidationError("Passwords don't match")
return password2
def save(self, commit=True):
# Save the provided password in hashed format
user = super(RegisterForm, self).save(commit=False)
user.set_password(self.cleaned_data["password1"])
user.active = False # send for admin approval
if commit:
user.save()
return user
class LoginForm(forms.Form):
username = forms.EmailField(label='Email')
password = forms.CharField(widget=forms.PasswordInput)
Settings.py
...
AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'app.User'
...
当我要创建超级用户然后显示以下错误
(venv) C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4> python manage.py createsuperuser
Email: p@gmail.com
Full name: p da
Password:
Password (again):
This password is too short. It must contain at least 8 characters.
This password is too common.
This password is entirely numeric.
Bypass password validation and create user anyway? [y/N]: y
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 84, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\sqlite3\base.py", line 423, in execute
return Database.Cursor.execute(self, query, params)
sqlite3.IntegrityError: NOT NULL constraint failed: app_user.zip
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\manage.py", line 22, in <module>
main()
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\manage.py", line 18, in main
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 419, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 413, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 354, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\management\commands\createsuperuser.py", line 79, in execute
return super().execute(*args, **options)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 398, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\management\commands\createsuperuser.py", line 189, in handle
self.UserModel._default_manager.db_manager(database).create_superuser(**user_data)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\app\models.py", line 38, in create_superuser
user = self.create_user(
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\app\models.py", line 25, in create_user
user_obj.save(using=self._db)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\base_user.py", line 67, in save
super().save(*args, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 726, in save
self.save_base(using=using, force_insert=force_insert,
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 763, in save_base
updated = self._save_table(
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 868, in _save_table
results = self._do_insert(cls._base_manager, using, fields, returning_fields, raw)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 906, in _do_insert
return manager._insert(
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\manager.py", line 85, in manager_method
return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\query.py", line 1270, in _insert
return query.get_compiler(using=using).execute_sql(returning_fields)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\sql\compiler.py", line 1410, in execute_sql
cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 98, in execute
return super().execute(sql, params)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 66, in execute
return self._execute_with_wrappers(sql, params, many=False, executor=self._execute)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 75, in _execute_with_wrappers
return executor(sql, params, many, context)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 84, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py", line 90, in __exit__
raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 84, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "C:\Users\prose\PycharmProjects\reg4\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\sqlite3\base.py", line 423, in execute
return Database.Cursor.execute(self, query, params)
django.db.utils.IntegrityError: NOT NULL constraint failed: app_user.zip
您的 zip 字段不能为空，并且您在创建新的 user/superuser 时没有为其设置任何值。添加null=True，默认值或在创建新用户时设置。
此外，zip 是一个 python 内置函数，您可能需要将该字段重命名为 zip_code 或类似名称。
关于无法使用已创建的帐户登录管理面板可能是因为您正在设置 staff 而不是访问管理所需的 is_staff 标志。我建议使用默认命名。
检查文档中的 full example。