Python Tkinter：为列表框中的每个字符串创建一个变量？
Python Tkinter: Create a variable for each string inside a listbox?
我（几乎）是一个可怜的程序员处女所以请放轻松。
这是我第二次尝试制作一个程序，结果有点超出我的理解范围，恐怕。经过很长时间的努力，我请求你的帮助。
我基本上是在制作一个待办事项列表，但希望它具有更多功能，而不仅仅是一个无聊的列表。
我在脑海中想象的是，用户将任务添加到条目小部件中，然后该小部件将显示在列表框中。列表框中的每个字符串都会有一个与之关联的值（我需要对我希望程序具有的功能进行一些计算）。
所以我想我想要的是列表框中的每个字符串都成为一个变量，然后与我想要一个值的变量相关联。
我会尽力向您展示：
这里我添加了我想成为新变量的字符串
然后我从下拉菜单中指定一个数字。我希望这个数字是上一步中 variable/string 的值。
我真的希望你们中的一个人能够以一种（最好）不需要我做太多改变的方式引导我朝着正确的方向前进。事情对我来说仍然很棘手，我已经很难浏览代码了。
目的很简单，我想对与每个任务关联的（希望）即将成为的值进行一些计算。
如果你们敢，请提前致谢！
相关代码在这里：
import tkinter.messagebox # Import the messagebox module
import pickle # Module to save to .dat
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk() #
root.title('SmaToDo') # Name of the program/window
def new_task():
global entry_task
global task_window
task_window = Toplevel(root)
task_window.title('Add a new task')
task_label = tk.Label(task_window, text = 'Title your task concisely:', justify='center')
task_label.pack()
# Entry for tasks in new window
entry_task = tkinter.Entry(task_window, width=50, justify='center')
entry_task.pack()
# Add task button in new window
button_add_task = tkinter.Button(task_window, text='Add task', width=42, command=lambda: [add_task(), impact()])
button_add_task.pack()
def add_task():
global task
global impact_window
task = entry_task.get() # we get the task from entry_task and we get the input from the entry_task type-field with .get()
if task != '': # If textbox inputfield is NOT empty do this:
listbox_tasks.insert(tkinter.END, task)
entry_task.delete(0, tkinter.END) # Slet hvad der står i inputfeltet fra første bogstav til sidste (0, tkinter.END)
task_window.destroy()
else:
tkinter.messagebox.showwarning(title='Whoops', message='You must enter a task')
task_window.destroy()
def delete_task():
try:
task_index = listbox_tasks.curselection()[0]
listbox_tasks.delete(task_index)
except:
tkinter.messagebox.showwarning(title='Oops', message='You must select a task to delete')
def save_tasks():
tasks = listbox_tasks.get(0, listbox_tasks.size())
pickle.dump(tasks, open('tasks.dat', 'wb'))
def prioritize_tasks():
pass
# Create UI
frame_tasks = tkinter.Frame(root)
frame_tasks.pack()
scrollbar_tasks = tkinter.Scrollbar(frame_tasks)
scrollbar_tasks.pack(side=tkinter.RIGHT, fill=tkinter.Y)
listbox_tasks = tkinter.Listbox(frame_tasks, height=10, width=50, justify='center') # tkinter.Listbox(where it should go, height=x, width=xx)
listbox_tasks.pack()
listbox_tasks.config(yscrollcommand=scrollbar_tasks.set)
scrollbar_tasks.config(command=listbox_tasks.yview)
try:
tasks = pickle.load(open('tasks.dat', 'rb'))
listbox_tasks.delete(0, tkinter.END)
for task in tasks:
listbox_tasks.insert(tkinter.END, task)
except:
tkinter.messagebox.showwarning(title='Phew', message='You have no tasks')
# Add task button
button_new_task = tkinter.Button(root, text='New task', width=42, command=new_task)
button_new_task.pack()
button_delete_task = tkinter.Button(root, text='Delete task', width=42, command=delete_task)
button_delete_task.pack()
button_save_tasks = tkinter.Button(root, text='Save tasks', width=42, command=save_tasks)
button_save_tasks.pack()
button_prioritize_tasks = tkinter.Button(root, text='Prioritize', width=42, command=prioritize_tasks)
button_prioritize_tasks.pack()
root.mainloop()
简单的方法是添加另一个list来存储影响值。您需要同步任务列表和影响列表。
修改后的代码如下：
import pickle # Module to save to .dat
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import messagebox
import random
TASKS_FILE = "tasks.dat"
task_impacts = [] # store impact of tasks
root = tk.Tk() #
root.title('SmaToDo') # Name of the program/window
def impact():
# assign random impact to new task
task_impacts.append(random.randint(1, 11))
def new_task():
def add_task():
task = entry_task.get().strip()
if task:
listbox_tasks.insert(tk.END, task)
impact() # get the impact of the task
else:
messagebox.showwarning(title='Whoops', message='You must enter a task')
task_window.destroy()
task_window = tk.Toplevel(root)
task_window.title('Add a new task')
task_label = tk.Label(task_window, text = 'Title your task concisely:', justify='center')
task_label.pack()
# Entry for tasks in new window
entry_task = tk.Entry(task_window, width=50, justify='center')
entry_task.pack()
# Add task button in new window
button_add_task = tk.Button(task_window, text='Add task', width=42, command=add_task)
button_add_task.pack()
def delete_task():
try:
task_index = listbox_tasks.curselection()[0]
listbox_tasks.delete(task_index)
task_impacts.pop(task_index) # remove corresponding impact value as well
except:
messagebox.showwarning(title='Oops', message='You must select a task to delete')
def load_tasks():
try:
with open(TASKS_FILE, 'rb') as f:
tasks = pickle.load(f)
listbox_tasks.delete(0, tk.END)
task_impacts.clear()
for task, impact in tasks:
listbox_tasks.insert(tk.END, task)
task_impacts.append(impact)
except:
messagebox.showwarning(title='Phew', message='You have no tasks')
def save_tasks():
tasks = zip(listbox_tasks.get(0, tk.END), task_impacts)
with open(TASKS_FILE, "wb") as f:
pickle.dump(tasks, f)
def prioritize_tasks():
print(list(zip(listbox_tasks.get(0, tk.END), task_impacts)))
# Create UI
frame_tasks = tk.Frame(root)
frame_tasks.pack()
scrollbar_tasks = tk.Scrollbar(frame_tasks)
scrollbar_tasks.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.Y)
listbox_tasks = tk.Listbox(frame_tasks, height=10, width=50, justify='center') # tkinter.Listbox(where it should go, height=x, width=xx)
listbox_tasks.pack()
listbox_tasks.config(yscrollcommand=scrollbar_tasks.set)
scrollbar_tasks.config(command=listbox_tasks.yview)
# Add task button
button_new_task = tk.Button(root, text='New task', width=42, command=new_task)
button_new_task.pack()
button_delete_task = tk.Button(root, text='Delete task', width=42, command=delete_task)
button_delete_task.pack()
button_save_tasks = tk.Button(root, text='Save tasks', width=42, command=save_tasks)
button_save_tasks.pack()
button_prioritize_tasks = tk.Button(root, text='Prioritize', width=42, command=prioritize_tasks)
button_prioritize_tasks.pack()
load_tasks()
root.mainloop()
注意我有：
- 将
add_task() 函数移到 new_task() 函数中，以便不使用全局变量
- 创建了缺失的
impact() 函数来为新任务分配随机影响值
- 在函数中移动了已保存任务的加载
load_tasks()
更好的建议是使用 ttk.Treeview() 而不是 tk.Listbox()，因为您可以使用每个记录中的 tags 或 text 选项将影响值关联到任务Treeview.
我（几乎）是一个可怜的程序员处女所以请放轻松。
这是我第二次尝试制作一个程序，结果有点超出我的理解范围，恐怕。经过很长时间的努力，我请求你的帮助。
我基本上是在制作一个待办事项列表，但希望它具有更多功能，而不仅仅是一个无聊的列表。
我在脑海中想象的是，用户将任务添加到条目小部件中，然后该小部件将显示在列表框中。列表框中的每个字符串都会有一个与之关联的值（我需要对我希望程序具有的功能进行一些计算）。 所以我想我想要的是列表框中的每个字符串都成为一个变量，然后与我想要一个值的变量相关联。
我会尽力向您展示：
这里我添加了我想成为新变量的字符串
然后我从下拉菜单中指定一个数字。我希望这个数字是上一步中 variable/string 的值。
我真的希望你们中的一个人能够以一种（最好）不需要我做太多改变的方式引导我朝着正确的方向前进。事情对我来说仍然很棘手，我已经很难浏览代码了。 目的很简单，我想对与每个任务关联的（希望）即将成为的值进行一些计算。 如果你们敢，请提前致谢！
相关代码在这里：
import tkinter.messagebox # Import the messagebox module
import pickle # Module to save to .dat
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk() #
root.title('SmaToDo') # Name of the program/window
def new_task():
global entry_task
global task_window
task_window = Toplevel(root)
task_window.title('Add a new task')
task_label = tk.Label(task_window, text = 'Title your task concisely:', justify='center')
task_label.pack()
# Entry for tasks in new window
entry_task = tkinter.Entry(task_window, width=50, justify='center')
entry_task.pack()
# Add task button in new window
button_add_task = tkinter.Button(task_window, text='Add task', width=42, command=lambda: [add_task(), impact()])
button_add_task.pack()
def add_task():
global task
global impact_window
task = entry_task.get() # we get the task from entry_task and we get the input from the entry_task type-field with .get()
if task != '': # If textbox inputfield is NOT empty do this:
listbox_tasks.insert(tkinter.END, task)
entry_task.delete(0, tkinter.END) # Slet hvad der står i inputfeltet fra første bogstav til sidste (0, tkinter.END)
task_window.destroy()
else:
tkinter.messagebox.showwarning(title='Whoops', message='You must enter a task')
task_window.destroy()
def delete_task():
try:
task_index = listbox_tasks.curselection()[0]
listbox_tasks.delete(task_index)
except:
tkinter.messagebox.showwarning(title='Oops', message='You must select a task to delete')
def save_tasks():
tasks = listbox_tasks.get(0, listbox_tasks.size())
pickle.dump(tasks, open('tasks.dat', 'wb'))
def prioritize_tasks():
pass
# Create UI
frame_tasks = tkinter.Frame(root)
frame_tasks.pack()
scrollbar_tasks = tkinter.Scrollbar(frame_tasks)
scrollbar_tasks.pack(side=tkinter.RIGHT, fill=tkinter.Y)
listbox_tasks = tkinter.Listbox(frame_tasks, height=10, width=50, justify='center') # tkinter.Listbox(where it should go, height=x, width=xx)
listbox_tasks.pack()
listbox_tasks.config(yscrollcommand=scrollbar_tasks.set)
scrollbar_tasks.config(command=listbox_tasks.yview)
try:
tasks = pickle.load(open('tasks.dat', 'rb'))
listbox_tasks.delete(0, tkinter.END)
for task in tasks:
listbox_tasks.insert(tkinter.END, task)
except:
tkinter.messagebox.showwarning(title='Phew', message='You have no tasks')
# Add task button
button_new_task = tkinter.Button(root, text='New task', width=42, command=new_task)
button_new_task.pack()
button_delete_task = tkinter.Button(root, text='Delete task', width=42, command=delete_task)
button_delete_task.pack()
button_save_tasks = tkinter.Button(root, text='Save tasks', width=42, command=save_tasks)
button_save_tasks.pack()
button_prioritize_tasks = tkinter.Button(root, text='Prioritize', width=42, command=prioritize_tasks)
button_prioritize_tasks.pack()
root.mainloop()
简单的方法是添加另一个list来存储影响值。您需要同步任务列表和影响列表。
修改后的代码如下：
import pickle # Module to save to .dat
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import messagebox
import random
TASKS_FILE = "tasks.dat"
task_impacts = [] # store impact of tasks
root = tk.Tk() #
root.title('SmaToDo') # Name of the program/window
def impact():
# assign random impact to new task
task_impacts.append(random.randint(1, 11))
def new_task():
def add_task():
task = entry_task.get().strip()
if task:
listbox_tasks.insert(tk.END, task)
impact() # get the impact of the task
else:
messagebox.showwarning(title='Whoops', message='You must enter a task')
task_window.destroy()
task_window = tk.Toplevel(root)
task_window.title('Add a new task')
task_label = tk.Label(task_window, text = 'Title your task concisely:', justify='center')
task_label.pack()
# Entry for tasks in new window
entry_task = tk.Entry(task_window, width=50, justify='center')
entry_task.pack()
# Add task button in new window
button_add_task = tk.Button(task_window, text='Add task', width=42, command=add_task)
button_add_task.pack()
def delete_task():
try:
task_index = listbox_tasks.curselection()[0]
listbox_tasks.delete(task_index)
task_impacts.pop(task_index) # remove corresponding impact value as well
except:
messagebox.showwarning(title='Oops', message='You must select a task to delete')
def load_tasks():
try:
with open(TASKS_FILE, 'rb') as f:
tasks = pickle.load(f)
listbox_tasks.delete(0, tk.END)
task_impacts.clear()
for task, impact in tasks:
listbox_tasks.insert(tk.END, task)
task_impacts.append(impact)
except:
messagebox.showwarning(title='Phew', message='You have no tasks')
def save_tasks():
tasks = zip(listbox_tasks.get(0, tk.END), task_impacts)
with open(TASKS_FILE, "wb") as f:
pickle.dump(tasks, f)
def prioritize_tasks():
print(list(zip(listbox_tasks.get(0, tk.END), task_impacts)))
# Create UI
frame_tasks = tk.Frame(root)
frame_tasks.pack()
scrollbar_tasks = tk.Scrollbar(frame_tasks)
scrollbar_tasks.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.Y)
listbox_tasks = tk.Listbox(frame_tasks, height=10, width=50, justify='center') # tkinter.Listbox(where it should go, height=x, width=xx)
listbox_tasks.pack()
listbox_tasks.config(yscrollcommand=scrollbar_tasks.set)
scrollbar_tasks.config(command=listbox_tasks.yview)
# Add task button
button_new_task = tk.Button(root, text='New task', width=42, command=new_task)
button_new_task.pack()
button_delete_task = tk.Button(root, text='Delete task', width=42, command=delete_task)
button_delete_task.pack()
button_save_tasks = tk.Button(root, text='Save tasks', width=42, command=save_tasks)
button_save_tasks.pack()
button_prioritize_tasks = tk.Button(root, text='Prioritize', width=42, command=prioritize_tasks)
button_prioritize_tasks.pack()
load_tasks()
root.mainloop()
注意我有：
- 将
add_task()函数移到new_task()函数中，以便不使用全局变量 - 创建了缺失的
impact()函数来为新任务分配随机影响值 - 在函数中移动了已保存任务的加载
load_tasks()
更好的建议是使用 ttk.Treeview() 而不是 tk.Listbox()，因为您可以使用每个记录中的 tags 或 text 选项将影响值关联到任务Treeview.