如何在不单击 MATPLOTLIB 的情况下使用鼠标绘制自动图形
How to plot an automatic graph using mouse without clicking MATPLOTLIB
我希望使用鼠标自动绘制数据，而无需单击来自 DZT 文件。
我创建了一个程序来绘制数据，正如您在此图中看到的那样：
正如您在这张图片中看到的，x axes 从 0 到 3525 ans 每个 x 是一个信号，所以我有超过 3500 个信号制作这张图。
例如，如果我想看到 x=999 的信号，它看起来像这样。
我真正想做的是每次当我通过我的鼠标而不点击图表时它应该自动绘制它的信号。
我尝试了很多方法，但我不知道该怎么做。
非常感谢你的帮助
这是我的文件：
https://www.grosfichiers.com/mvabGETFfna
这是我的程序：
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox, filedialog
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import os
from readgssi import readgssi
root = Tk()
root.title("IHM")
root.geometry("1000x800")
Resources_frame = LabelFrame(root, bd=2, relief=GROOVE, text="Conversion Area")
Resources_frame.place(x=5, y=5, width=250, height=80)
lbl_ra = Label(Resources_frame, text="Select your File ")
lbl_ra.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=W)
lbl_ra = Label(Resources_frame, text="Convert Selected file ")
lbl_ra.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=W)
NumberOfSimples = ''
DataAScan = ''
Data = ''
xData = ''
xAxes = ''
def ReadDZT():
file_path = filedialog.askopenfilename()
file_name, file_extension = os.path.splitext(file_path)
print(file_extension)
if file_extension == '.DZT':
messagebox.showinfo("INFO", "Your DZT File Has Been Selected Successfully")
hdr, arrs, gps = readgssi.readgssi(infile=file_path, verbose=True)
TimeRange = hdr['rhf_range']
Samples = hdr['rh_nsamp']
X_Axes = np.array(range(0, Samples))
xAxes = X_Axes[2::1]
df = pd.DataFrame(arrs[0])
Data = df.iloc[2::1, 0::1]
fig2 = plt.figure()
plt.plot(xAxes, Data[999])
plt.show()
fig = plt.figure()
plt.imshow(Data, aspect='auto', cmap='bone')
plt.show()
elif file_extension == '.csv':
messagebox.showinfo("INFO", "Your CSV File Has Been Selected Successfully")
df = pd.read_csv(file_path)
NumberOfSimples = df.iloc[2::1, 0]
Data = df.iloc[::1, ::1]
DataAScan = df.iloc[2::1, 999]
fig1 = plt.figure()
plt.plot(NumberOfSimples, DataAScan)
plt.show()
fig2 = plt.figure()
plt.imshow(Data, aspect='auto', cmap='bone')
plt.show()
else:
messagebox.showwarning("WARNING", "You Have Been Selected a Different Format")
# =============Resources Buttons================#
btn_rs = Button(Resources_frame, relief=GROOVE, padx=8, pady=1, text="Browse", command=ReadDZT).grid(row=0,
column=1)
root.mainloop()
正如上一个问题Ploting a graph automatically using mouse coordinate中指出的（我认为这个问题应该是对它的编辑），鼠标移动可以用plt.connect('motion_notify_event', mouse_move)来监控。在fig2中绘制的Data的切片简单对应鼠标的x坐标，即mouse_move(event)中的Data[int(event.xdata)]。
因此，在 mouse_move(event)，你：
- 清除坐标轴：
ax2.clear()（其中ax2是fig2的AxesSubplot对象）
- 绘制切片
ax2.plot(self.xAxes, self.Data[int(event.xdata)])
- 更新图
fig2.canvas.draw_idle()
但是，由于单独的事件循环，我在同时使用 matplotlib 图形和 tkinter GUI 时遇到了问题。因此，我直接将这些数字嵌入到 tkinter GUI 中（参见 https://matplotlib.org/3.4.0/gallery/user_interfaces/embedding_in_tk_sgskip.html）。
我也把图表相关的代码放在一个class中，将加载的数据保存在属性中，避免使用全局变量。
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import messagebox, filedialog
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use("TkAgg")
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2Tk
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import numpy as np
import os
from readgssi import readgssi
class Graphs(tk.Toplevel):
def __init__(self, master=None, **kw):
tk.Toplevel.__init__(self, master, **kw)
self.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.rowconfigure(2, weight=1)
# data
self.Data = []
self.xData = []
self.xAxes = []
self.line = None
# figure1 : 2D data map
self.fig1 = Figure()
self.ax1 = self.fig1.add_subplot(111)
self.canvas1 = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self.fig1, self)
self.canvas1.draw()
self.canvas1.get_tk_widget().grid(sticky='ewsn')
self.toolbar1 = NavigationToolbar2Tk(self.canvas1, self, pack_toolbar=False)
self.toolbar1.grid(sticky="ew")
# figure 2: slice plot
self.fig2 = Figure()
self.ax2 = self.fig2.add_subplot(111)
self.canvas2 = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self.fig2, self)
self.canvas2.draw()
self.canvas2.get_tk_widget().grid(sticky='ewsn')
self.toolbar2 = NavigationToolbar2Tk(self.canvas2, self, pack_toolbar=False)
self.toolbar2.grid(sticky="ew")
# bind plotting to mouse motion
self.canvas1.mpl_connect('motion_notify_event', self.mouse_move)
def mouse_move(self, event):
x = event.xdata
if len(self.Data) and x is not None: # there is something to plot
self.ax2.clear()
x = int(x)
self.ax2.plot(self.xAxes, self.Data[x])
self.line.set_data([x, x], [len(self.Data), 0])
self.canvas1.draw_idle()
self.canvas2.draw_idle()
def readDZT(self):
file_path = filedialog.askopenfilename()
file_name, file_extension = os.path.splitext(file_path)
if file_extension == '.DZT':
messagebox.showinfo("INFO", "Your DZT File Has Been Selected Successfully")
hdr, arrs, gps = readgssi.readgssi(infile=file_path, verbose=True)
Samples = hdr['rh_nsamp']
X_Axes = np.array(range(0, Samples))
self.xAxes = X_Axes[2::1]
df = pd.DataFrame(arrs[0])
self.Data = df.iloc[2::1, 0::1]
# clear plots
self.ax1.clear()
self.ax2.clear()
# plot slice
self.ax2.plot(self.xAxes, self.Data[999])
self.canvas2.draw_idle()
# plot 2D map
self.ax1.imshow(self.Data, aspect='auto', cmap='bone')
self.line = self.ax1.plot([999, 999], [len(self.Data), 0], 'r')[0]
self.ax1.set_ylim(len(self.Data), 0)
self.canvas1.draw_idle()
else:
messagebox.showwarning("WARNING", "You Have Been Selected a Different Format")
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("IHM")
root.geometry("1000x800")
Resources_frame = tk.LabelFrame(root, bd=2, relief=tk.GROOVE, text="Conversion Area")
Resources_frame.place(x=5, y=5, width=250, height=80)
tk.Label(Resources_frame, text="Select your File ").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.W)
tk.Label(Resources_frame, text="Convert Selected file ").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=tk.W)
graphs = Graphs(root)
btn_rs = tk.Button(Resources_frame, relief=tk.GROOVE, padx=8, pady=1, text="Browse",
command=graphs.readDZT).grid(row=0, column=1)
root.mainloop()
我希望使用鼠标自动绘制数据，而无需单击来自 DZT 文件。
我创建了一个程序来绘制数据，正如您在此图中看到的那样：
正如您在这张图片中看到的，x axes 从 0 到 3525 ans 每个 x 是一个信号，所以我有超过 3500 个信号制作这张图。
例如，如果我想看到 x=999 的信号，它看起来像这样。
我真正想做的是每次当我通过我的鼠标而不点击图表时它应该自动绘制它的信号。
我尝试了很多方法，但我不知道该怎么做。
非常感谢你的帮助
这是我的文件： https://www.grosfichiers.com/mvabGETFfna
这是我的程序：
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox, filedialog
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import os
from readgssi import readgssi
root = Tk()
root.title("IHM")
root.geometry("1000x800")
Resources_frame = LabelFrame(root, bd=2, relief=GROOVE, text="Conversion Area")
Resources_frame.place(x=5, y=5, width=250, height=80)
lbl_ra = Label(Resources_frame, text="Select your File ")
lbl_ra.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=W)
lbl_ra = Label(Resources_frame, text="Convert Selected file ")
lbl_ra.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=W)
NumberOfSimples = ''
DataAScan = ''
Data = ''
xData = ''
xAxes = ''
def ReadDZT():
file_path = filedialog.askopenfilename()
file_name, file_extension = os.path.splitext(file_path)
print(file_extension)
if file_extension == '.DZT':
messagebox.showinfo("INFO", "Your DZT File Has Been Selected Successfully")
hdr, arrs, gps = readgssi.readgssi(infile=file_path, verbose=True)
TimeRange = hdr['rhf_range']
Samples = hdr['rh_nsamp']
X_Axes = np.array(range(0, Samples))
xAxes = X_Axes[2::1]
df = pd.DataFrame(arrs[0])
Data = df.iloc[2::1, 0::1]
fig2 = plt.figure()
plt.plot(xAxes, Data[999])
plt.show()
fig = plt.figure()
plt.imshow(Data, aspect='auto', cmap='bone')
plt.show()
elif file_extension == '.csv':
messagebox.showinfo("INFO", "Your CSV File Has Been Selected Successfully")
df = pd.read_csv(file_path)
NumberOfSimples = df.iloc[2::1, 0]
Data = df.iloc[::1, ::1]
DataAScan = df.iloc[2::1, 999]
fig1 = plt.figure()
plt.plot(NumberOfSimples, DataAScan)
plt.show()
fig2 = plt.figure()
plt.imshow(Data, aspect='auto', cmap='bone')
plt.show()
else:
messagebox.showwarning("WARNING", "You Have Been Selected a Different Format")
# =============Resources Buttons================#
btn_rs = Button(Resources_frame, relief=GROOVE, padx=8, pady=1, text="Browse", command=ReadDZT).grid(row=0,
column=1)
root.mainloop()
正如上一个问题Ploting a graph automatically using mouse coordinate中指出的（我认为这个问题应该是对它的编辑），鼠标移动可以用plt.connect('motion_notify_event', mouse_move)来监控。在fig2中绘制的Data的切片简单对应鼠标的x坐标，即mouse_move(event)中的Data[int(event.xdata)]。
因此，在 mouse_move(event)，你：
- 清除坐标轴：
ax2.clear()（其中ax2是fig2的AxesSubplot对象） - 绘制切片
ax2.plot(self.xAxes, self.Data[int(event.xdata)]) - 更新图
fig2.canvas.draw_idle()
但是，由于单独的事件循环，我在同时使用 matplotlib 图形和 tkinter GUI 时遇到了问题。因此，我直接将这些数字嵌入到 tkinter GUI 中（参见 https://matplotlib.org/3.4.0/gallery/user_interfaces/embedding_in_tk_sgskip.html）。
我也把图表相关的代码放在一个class中，将加载的数据保存在属性中，避免使用全局变量。
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import messagebox, filedialog
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use("TkAgg")
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2Tk
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import numpy as np
import os
from readgssi import readgssi
class Graphs(tk.Toplevel):
def __init__(self, master=None, **kw):
tk.Toplevel.__init__(self, master, **kw)
self.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.rowconfigure(2, weight=1)
# data
self.Data = []
self.xData = []
self.xAxes = []
self.line = None
# figure1 : 2D data map
self.fig1 = Figure()
self.ax1 = self.fig1.add_subplot(111)
self.canvas1 = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self.fig1, self)
self.canvas1.draw()
self.canvas1.get_tk_widget().grid(sticky='ewsn')
self.toolbar1 = NavigationToolbar2Tk(self.canvas1, self, pack_toolbar=False)
self.toolbar1.grid(sticky="ew")
# figure 2: slice plot
self.fig2 = Figure()
self.ax2 = self.fig2.add_subplot(111)
self.canvas2 = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self.fig2, self)
self.canvas2.draw()
self.canvas2.get_tk_widget().grid(sticky='ewsn')
self.toolbar2 = NavigationToolbar2Tk(self.canvas2, self, pack_toolbar=False)
self.toolbar2.grid(sticky="ew")
# bind plotting to mouse motion
self.canvas1.mpl_connect('motion_notify_event', self.mouse_move)
def mouse_move(self, event):
x = event.xdata
if len(self.Data) and x is not None: # there is something to plot
self.ax2.clear()
x = int(x)
self.ax2.plot(self.xAxes, self.Data[x])
self.line.set_data([x, x], [len(self.Data), 0])
self.canvas1.draw_idle()
self.canvas2.draw_idle()
def readDZT(self):
file_path = filedialog.askopenfilename()
file_name, file_extension = os.path.splitext(file_path)
if file_extension == '.DZT':
messagebox.showinfo("INFO", "Your DZT File Has Been Selected Successfully")
hdr, arrs, gps = readgssi.readgssi(infile=file_path, verbose=True)
Samples = hdr['rh_nsamp']
X_Axes = np.array(range(0, Samples))
self.xAxes = X_Axes[2::1]
df = pd.DataFrame(arrs[0])
self.Data = df.iloc[2::1, 0::1]
# clear plots
self.ax1.clear()
self.ax2.clear()
# plot slice
self.ax2.plot(self.xAxes, self.Data[999])
self.canvas2.draw_idle()
# plot 2D map
self.ax1.imshow(self.Data, aspect='auto', cmap='bone')
self.line = self.ax1.plot([999, 999], [len(self.Data), 0], 'r')[0]
self.ax1.set_ylim(len(self.Data), 0)
self.canvas1.draw_idle()
else:
messagebox.showwarning("WARNING", "You Have Been Selected a Different Format")
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("IHM")
root.geometry("1000x800")
Resources_frame = tk.LabelFrame(root, bd=2, relief=tk.GROOVE, text="Conversion Area")
Resources_frame.place(x=5, y=5, width=250, height=80)
tk.Label(Resources_frame, text="Select your File ").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.W)
tk.Label(Resources_frame, text="Convert Selected file ").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=tk.W)
graphs = Graphs(root)
btn_rs = tk.Button(Resources_frame, relief=tk.GROOVE, padx=8, pady=1, text="Browse",
command=graphs.readDZT).grid(row=0, column=1)
root.mainloop()