使用 Spring 在多模块 Maven 项目中进行集成测试

Integration testing in multi module Maven project with Spring

我有一个包含多个模块(parent、service、updater1、updater2)的多模块 maven 项目。 @SpringBootApplication 在 'service' 模块中,其他模块没有工件。

'updater1' 是一个具有 Kafka 侦听器和 http 客户端的模块,当接收到 kafka 事件时向外部发起请求 API。我想使用 testcontainers 在该模块中创建集成测试,因此我创建了容器和 Kafka 生产者以将 KafkaTemplate 发送给我的消费者。

我的问题是 Kafka 生产者自动装配到 null,因此测试抛出 NullPointerException。我觉得应该是Spring的配置问题,但是找不到问题所在。你能帮助我吗?谢谢!

这是我的测试class:

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {KafkaConfiguration.class, CacheConfiguration.class, ClientConfiguration.class})
public class InvoicingTest {

@ClassRule
public static final Containers containers = Containers.Builder.aContainer()
        .withKafka()
        .withServer()
        .build();

private final MockHttpClient mockHttpClient =
        new MockHttpClient(containers.getHost(SERVER),
                containers.getPort(SERVER));

@Autowired
private KafkaEventProducer kafkaEventProducer;

@BeforeEach
@Transactional
void setUp() {
    mockHttpClient.reset();
}

@Test
public void createElementSuccesfullResponse() throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {

    mockHttpClient.whenPost("/v1/endpoint")
            .respond(HttpStatusCode.OK_200);

    kafkaEventProducer.produce("src/test/resources/event/invoiceCreated.json");

    mockHttpClient.verify();

}

这是活动制作人:

@Component
public class KafkaEventProducer {

private final KafkaTemplate<String, String> kafkaTemplate;

private final String topic;

@Autowired
KafkaInvoicingEventProducer(KafkaTemplate<String, String> kafkaTemplate,
                            @Value("${kafka.topic.invoicing.name}") String topic){
    this.kafkaTemplate = kafkaTemplate;
    this.topic = topic;
}

public void produce(String event){
    kafkaTemplate.send(topic, event);
}

}

你还没有详细说明 KafkaEventProducer 是如何实现的(它是 @Component 吗?),你的测试 class 也没有用 @SpringBootTest 和运行器注释 @RunWith.

查看此示例,使用 Apache KakfaProducer:

import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.KafkaProducer;

public void sendRecord(String topic, String event) {
        try (KafkaProducer<String, byte[]> producer = new KafkaProducer<>(producerProps(bootstrapServers, false))) {
            send(producer, topic, event);
        } 
    }

哪里

public void send(KafkaProducer<String, byte[]> producer, String topic, String event) {
    try {
      ProducerRecord<String, byte[]> record = new ProducerRecord<>(topic, event.getBytes());
      producer.send(record).get();
    } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
        fail("Not expected exception: " + e.getMessage());
    }
}


protected Properties producerProps(String bootstrapServer, boolean transactional) {
        Properties producerProperties = new Properties();
        producerProperties.put(ProducerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, bootstrapServer);
        producerProperties.put(KEY_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringSerializer.class.getName());
        producerProperties.put(VALUE_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, ByteArraySerializer.class.getName());
        if (transactional) {
            producerProperties.put(TRANSACTIONAL_ID_CONFIG, "my-transactional-id");
        }
            
        return producerProperties;
    }

bootstrapServers取自kafka容器:

KafkaContainer kafka = new KafkaContainer();
kafka.start();
bootstrapServers = kafka.getBootstrapServers();