f2py error: undefined symbol when import the module
f2py error: undefined symbol when import the module
我正在尝试用f2py在fortran90中编译一个函数，该函数实际上是MOPTA08问题：
function func_and_constr(x,g) ! x in, g constraints inout, f return value
! replaces subroutine func(nvar,ncon,x,f,g) in func.f90 (easier for f2py)
implicit none
integer, parameter:: nvar = 124
integer, parameter:: ncon = 68
real*8 x(nvar)
real*8 g(ncon)
real*8 func_and_constr
real*8 f
integer d
integer duuuu
integer deeee
integer dssss
integer drrrr
integer ny
parameter (d=124)
parameter (duuuu=91)
parameter (deeee=96)
parameter (dssss=84)
parameter (drrrr=44)
parameter (ny=68)
integer uuuu2opt(duuuu)
integer eeee2opt(deeee)
integer ssss2opt(dssss)
integer rrrr2opt(drrrr)
integer ssss(ny)
integer i
integer k
real*8 xuuuu(duuuu)
real*8 xeeee(deeee)
real*8 xssss(dssss)
real*8 xrrrr(drrrr)
real*8 mmmm(d)
real*8 aaaa(d)
real*8 xl(nvar)
real*8 xu(nvar)
real*8 gu(ncon)
real*8 xxxxx(nvar)
logical first
data first /.true./
SAVE
if (first) then
first = .false.
call get_uuuu2opt( uuuu2opt )
call get_eeee2opt( eeee2opt )
call get_ssss2opt( ssss2opt )
call get_rrrr2opt( rrrr2opt )
call get_mmmm( mmmm )
call get_aaaa( aaaa )
call get_ssss( ssss )
endif
call get_bbbb(xl, xu, gu)
do i=1,nvar
xxxxx(i) = xl(i) + x(i) * (xu(i) - xl(i))
enddo
do k=1,duuuu
i = uuuu2opt(k)
if (i > 0) then
xuuuu(k) = xxxxx(i)
else
xuuuu(k) = aaaa(-i)
endif
enddo
do k=1,deeee
i = eeee2opt(k)
if (i > 0) then
xeeee(k) = xxxxx(i)
else
xeeee(k) = aaaa(-i)
endif
enddo
do k=1,dssss
i = ssss2opt(k)
if (i > 0) then
xssss(k) = xxxxx(i)
else
xssss(k) = aaaa(-i)
endif
enddo
do k=1,drrrr
xrrrr(k) = xxxxx( rrrr2opt(k) )
enddo
f = 0.0d0
do i=1,d
f = f + mmmm(i) * xxxxx(i)
enddo
call g1(xuuuu,g(1))
call g2(xeeee,g(2))
call g3(xeeee,g(3))
call g4(xeeee,g(4))
call g5(xeeee,g(5))
call g6(xeeee,g(6))
call g7(xssss,g(7))
call g8(xssss,g(8))
call g9(xssss,g(9))
call g10(xxxxx,g(10))
call g11(xxxxx,g(11))
call g12(xxxxx,g(12))
call g13(xxxxx,g(13))
call g14(xxxxx,g(14))
call g15(xxxxx,g(15))
call g16(xxxxx,g(16))
call g17(xxxxx,g(17))
call g18(xxxxx,g(18))
call g19(xxxxx,g(19))
call g20(xxxxx,g(20))
call g21(xxxxx,g(21))
call g22(xxxxx,g(22))
call g23(xxxxx,g(23))
call g24(xxxxx,g(24))
call g25(xxxxx,g(25))
call g26(xxxxx,g(26))
call g27(xxxxx,g(27))
call g28(xxxxx,g(28))
call g29(xxxxx,g(29))
call g30(xxxxx,g(30))
call g31(xxxxx,g(31))
call g32(xxxxx,g(32))
call g33(xxxxx,g(33))
call g34(xxxxx,g(34))
call g35(xxxxx,g(35))
call g36(xxxxx,g(36))
call g37(xxxxx,g(37))
call g38(xxxxx,g(38))
call g39(xxxxx,g(39))
call g40(xxxxx,g(40))
call g41(xxxxx,g(41))
call g42(xxxxx,g(42))
call g43(xxxxx,g(43))
call g44(xxxxx,g(44))
call g45(xxxxx,g(45))
call g46(xxxxx,g(46))
call g47(xxxxx,g(47))
call g48(xxxxx,g(48))
call g49(xxxxx,g(49))
call g50(xxxxx,g(50))
call g51(xxxxx,g(51))
call g52(xxxxx,g(52))
call g53(xxxxx,g(53))
call g54(xxxxx,g(54))
call g55(xxxxx,g(55))
call g56(xrrrr,g(56))
call g57(xrrrr,g(57))
call g58(xrrrr,g(58))
call g59(xrrrr,g(59))
call g60(xrrrr,g(60))
call g61(xrrrr,g(61))
call g62(xrrrr,g(62))
call g63(xrrrr,g(63))
call g64(xrrrr,g(64))
call g65(xrrrr,g(65))
call g66(xrrrr,g(66))
call g67(xrrrr,g(67))
call g68(xrrrr,g(68))
do i=1,ny
g(i) = ssss(i) * g(i)
g(i) = ( g(i) - gu(i) ) / abs(gu(i))
enddo
func_and_constr = f
end
我用下面的命令编译，没有收到任何错误。
f2py -c -m moptafunc funcpy.f90
但是，当我导入模块 moptafunc 时出现以下错误：
ImportError: /.../moptafunc.cpython-37m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so: undefined symbol: g67_
我花了很多时间还是没能解决。有谁知道如何解决这个问题？我的 python 版本是 3.7.7.
非常感谢！
您的 Fortran 函数 func_and_constr 调用许多其他子例程 g1()、g2()、...g67()。您需要拥有这些子例程，作为编译代码或它们的代码。
我正在尝试用f2py在fortran90中编译一个函数，该函数实际上是MOPTA08问题：
function func_and_constr(x,g) ! x in, g constraints inout, f return value
! replaces subroutine func(nvar,ncon,x,f,g) in func.f90 (easier for f2py)
implicit none
integer, parameter:: nvar = 124
integer, parameter:: ncon = 68
real*8 x(nvar)
real*8 g(ncon)
real*8 func_and_constr
real*8 f
integer d
integer duuuu
integer deeee
integer dssss
integer drrrr
integer ny
parameter (d=124)
parameter (duuuu=91)
parameter (deeee=96)
parameter (dssss=84)
parameter (drrrr=44)
parameter (ny=68)
integer uuuu2opt(duuuu)
integer eeee2opt(deeee)
integer ssss2opt(dssss)
integer rrrr2opt(drrrr)
integer ssss(ny)
integer i
integer k
real*8 xuuuu(duuuu)
real*8 xeeee(deeee)
real*8 xssss(dssss)
real*8 xrrrr(drrrr)
real*8 mmmm(d)
real*8 aaaa(d)
real*8 xl(nvar)
real*8 xu(nvar)
real*8 gu(ncon)
real*8 xxxxx(nvar)
logical first
data first /.true./
SAVE
if (first) then
first = .false.
call get_uuuu2opt( uuuu2opt )
call get_eeee2opt( eeee2opt )
call get_ssss2opt( ssss2opt )
call get_rrrr2opt( rrrr2opt )
call get_mmmm( mmmm )
call get_aaaa( aaaa )
call get_ssss( ssss )
endif
call get_bbbb(xl, xu, gu)
do i=1,nvar
xxxxx(i) = xl(i) + x(i) * (xu(i) - xl(i))
enddo
do k=1,duuuu
i = uuuu2opt(k)
if (i > 0) then
xuuuu(k) = xxxxx(i)
else
xuuuu(k) = aaaa(-i)
endif
enddo
do k=1,deeee
i = eeee2opt(k)
if (i > 0) then
xeeee(k) = xxxxx(i)
else
xeeee(k) = aaaa(-i)
endif
enddo
do k=1,dssss
i = ssss2opt(k)
if (i > 0) then
xssss(k) = xxxxx(i)
else
xssss(k) = aaaa(-i)
endif
enddo
do k=1,drrrr
xrrrr(k) = xxxxx( rrrr2opt(k) )
enddo
f = 0.0d0
do i=1,d
f = f + mmmm(i) * xxxxx(i)
enddo
call g1(xuuuu,g(1))
call g2(xeeee,g(2))
call g3(xeeee,g(3))
call g4(xeeee,g(4))
call g5(xeeee,g(5))
call g6(xeeee,g(6))
call g7(xssss,g(7))
call g8(xssss,g(8))
call g9(xssss,g(9))
call g10(xxxxx,g(10))
call g11(xxxxx,g(11))
call g12(xxxxx,g(12))
call g13(xxxxx,g(13))
call g14(xxxxx,g(14))
call g15(xxxxx,g(15))
call g16(xxxxx,g(16))
call g17(xxxxx,g(17))
call g18(xxxxx,g(18))
call g19(xxxxx,g(19))
call g20(xxxxx,g(20))
call g21(xxxxx,g(21))
call g22(xxxxx,g(22))
call g23(xxxxx,g(23))
call g24(xxxxx,g(24))
call g25(xxxxx,g(25))
call g26(xxxxx,g(26))
call g27(xxxxx,g(27))
call g28(xxxxx,g(28))
call g29(xxxxx,g(29))
call g30(xxxxx,g(30))
call g31(xxxxx,g(31))
call g32(xxxxx,g(32))
call g33(xxxxx,g(33))
call g34(xxxxx,g(34))
call g35(xxxxx,g(35))
call g36(xxxxx,g(36))
call g37(xxxxx,g(37))
call g38(xxxxx,g(38))
call g39(xxxxx,g(39))
call g40(xxxxx,g(40))
call g41(xxxxx,g(41))
call g42(xxxxx,g(42))
call g43(xxxxx,g(43))
call g44(xxxxx,g(44))
call g45(xxxxx,g(45))
call g46(xxxxx,g(46))
call g47(xxxxx,g(47))
call g48(xxxxx,g(48))
call g49(xxxxx,g(49))
call g50(xxxxx,g(50))
call g51(xxxxx,g(51))
call g52(xxxxx,g(52))
call g53(xxxxx,g(53))
call g54(xxxxx,g(54))
call g55(xxxxx,g(55))
call g56(xrrrr,g(56))
call g57(xrrrr,g(57))
call g58(xrrrr,g(58))
call g59(xrrrr,g(59))
call g60(xrrrr,g(60))
call g61(xrrrr,g(61))
call g62(xrrrr,g(62))
call g63(xrrrr,g(63))
call g64(xrrrr,g(64))
call g65(xrrrr,g(65))
call g66(xrrrr,g(66))
call g67(xrrrr,g(67))
call g68(xrrrr,g(68))
do i=1,ny
g(i) = ssss(i) * g(i)
g(i) = ( g(i) - gu(i) ) / abs(gu(i))
enddo
func_and_constr = f
end
我用下面的命令编译，没有收到任何错误。
f2py -c -m moptafunc funcpy.f90
但是，当我导入模块 moptafunc 时出现以下错误：
ImportError: /.../moptafunc.cpython-37m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so: undefined symbol: g67_
我花了很多时间还是没能解决。有谁知道如何解决这个问题？我的 python 版本是 3.7.7.
非常感谢！
您的 Fortran 函数 func_and_constr 调用许多其他子例程 g1()、g2()、...g67()。您需要拥有这些子例程，作为编译代码或它们的代码。