AngularJS 指令作用域变量未定义

AngularJS Directive Scope variables undefined

这是相关的 JSFiddle

https://jsfiddle.net/9Ltyru6a/3/

在 fiddle 中,我设置了一个控制器和一个指令,我想在值发生变化时使用它来调用回调。我知道 Angular 有一个 ng-change 指令,但我想要更类似于标准 onchange 事件的东西(当字段模糊时触发一次)。

控制器:

var Controllers;
    (function (Controllers) {
    var MyCtrl = (function () {
        function MyCtrl($scope) {
            $scope.vm = this;
        }

        MyCtrl.prototype.callback = function (newValue) {
            alert(newValue);
        };

        return MyCtrl;
    })();
    Controllers.MyCtrl = MyCtrl;
})(Controllers || (Controllers = {}));

指令:

var Directives;
(function (Directives) {
    function OnChange() {
        var directive = {};
        directive.restrict = "A";
        directive.scope = {
            onchange: '&'
        };
        directive.link = function (scope, elm) {
            scope.$watch('onChange', function (nVal) {
                elm.val(nVal);
            });
            elm.bind('blur', function () {
                var currentValue = elm.val();
                scope.$apply(function () {
                    scope.onchange({ newValue: currentValue });
                });
            });
        };
        return directive;
    }
    Directives.OnChange = OnChange;
})(Directives || (Directives = {}));

HTML:

<body ng-app="app" style="overflow: hidden;">
    <div ng-controller="MyCtrl">
        <button ng-click="vm.callback('Works')">Test</button>
        <input onchange="vm.callback(newValue)"></input>
    </div>
</body>

按钮有效,所以我可以放心地说(我认为)控制器没问题。但是,每当我更改输入字段的值并取消焦点时,我都会收到 "vm is undefined" 错误。

感谢您的帮助!

首先,使用正确的controllerAs表示法,而不是$scope.vm = this;:

ng-controller="MyCtrl as vm"

然后不要将自定义指令与本机 onchange 事件处理程序混合使用 - 这就是您收到 undefined 错误的原因。将您的指令命名为 onChange 并改用 on-change 属性。

正确的代码如下:

var app = angular.module("app", []);

var Directives;
(function (Directives) {
    function OnChange() {
        var directive = {};
        directive.restrict = "A";
        directive.scope = {
            onChange: '&'
        };
        directive.link = function (scope, elm) {
            elm.bind('blur', function () {
                var currentValue = elm.val();
                scope.$apply(function () {
                    scope.onChange({
                        newValue: currentValue
                    });
                });
            });
        };
        return directive;
    }
    Directives.onChange = OnChange;
})(Directives || (Directives = {}));

app.directive("onChange", Directives.onChange);


var Controllers;
(function (Controllers) {
    var MyCtrl = (function () {
        function MyCtrl($scope) {

        }

        MyCtrl.prototype.callback = function (newValue) {
            alert(newValue);
        };

        return MyCtrl;
    })();
    Controllers.MyCtrl = MyCtrl;
})(Controllers || (Controllers = {}));

app.controller("MyCtrl", ["$scope", function ($scope) {
    return new Controllers.MyCtrl($scope);
}]);

演示: https://jsfiddle.net/9Ltyru6a/5/

如果您的代码的目的是仅在模糊时更新您的控制器值,而不是在每次按键时更新它,angular 有 ngModelOptions 用于此用途。例如:

<input type="text" ng-model="user.name" ng-model-options="{ updateOn: 'blur' }" />

您甚至可以提供去抖动或清除值的按钮....

<form name="userForm">
  <input type="text" name="userName" 
         ng-model="user.name" ng-model-options="{ debounce: 1000 }" />

  <button ng-click="userForm.userName.$rollbackViewValue(); user.name=''">Clear</button>
</form>

在这些情况下,如果您要提供 ng-change,它只会在模糊事件或去抖之后触发。

您还可以编写直接利用 ngModelController

中的 $validators$asyncValidators 的指令

这是来自 Angular Developer Guide 的示例:

app.directive('username', function($q, $timeout) {
  return {
    require: 'ngModel',
    link: function(scope, elm, attrs, ctrl) {
    var usernames = ['Jim', 'John', 'Jill', 'Jackie'];

      ctrl.$asyncValidators.username = function(modelValue, viewValue) {

        if (ctrl.$isEmpty(modelValue)) {
          // consider empty model valid
          return $q.when();
        }

        var def = $q.defer();

        $timeout(function() {
          // Mock a delayed response
          if (usernames.indexOf(modelValue) === -1) {
            // The username is available
            def.resolve();
          } else {
            def.reject();
          }

        }, 2000);

        return def.promise;
      };
    }
  };
});

和 HTML:

<div>
    Username:
    <input type="text" ng-model="name" name="name" username />{{name}}<br />
    <span ng-show="form.name.$pending.username">Checking if this name is available...</span>
    <span ng-show="form.name.$error.username">This username is already taken!</span>
</div>

您当然可以添加 ng-model-options 以确保只触发一次。