kubernetes 如何将 pods 暴露给集群机器之外的东西?
kubernetes how do I expose pods to things outside of cluster machine?
我阅读了以下内容 kubernetes docs,它导致了集群中 运行 postgresql 和 pgadmin 的以下 yaml:
--- pgadmin-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: pgadmin-deployment
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: pgadmin-pod
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: pgadmin-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: pgadmin-container
image: dpage/pgadmin4
imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent"
ports:
- containerPort: 80
env:
- name: PGADMIN_DEFAULT_EMAIL
value: email@example.com
- name: PGADMIN_DEFAULT_PASSWORD
value: password
--- pgadmin-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: pgadmin-service
spec:
type: NodePort
ports:
- port: 30000
targetPort: 80
selector:
app: pgadmin-pod
--- postgres-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: postgres-deployment
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: postgres-pod
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: postgres-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: postgres-container
image: postgres:9.6-alpine
imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent"
ports:
- containerPort: 5432
env:
- name: POSTGRES_DB
value: database
- name: POSTGRES_PASSWORD
value: password
- name: POSTGRES_USER
value: username
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /var/lib/postgresql/data
name: postgrepvc
volumes:
- name: postgrepvc
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: postgres-pv-claim
--- postgres-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: postgres-service
spec:
type: NodePort
ports:
- port: 30001
targetPort: 5432
selector:
app: postgres-pod
--- postgres-storage.yaml
postgres-storage.yaml
kind: PersistentVolume
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: postgres-pv-volume
labels:
type: local
app: postgres
spec:
storageClassName: manual
capacity:
storage: 5Gi
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
hostPath:
path: "/mnt/data"
---
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: postgres-pv-claim
labels:
app: postgres
spec:
storageClassName: manual
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
resources:
requests:
storage: 5Gi
然后我 运行 下面的命令 kubectl create -f ./
结果如下:
kubernetes pods / svc's
然后我尝试从集群外部访问 10.43.225.170:30000 上的 pgAdmin,但我收到“10.43.225.170 响应时间过长”。不管我怎么努力。
那么我如何将 pgAdmin 和 postgress 暴露给外界,有没有办法给他们静态 ip,这样我就不必每次在 kubernetes 上重新部署时都更新连接字符串中的 ip,或者我必须为此使用 statefulset 吗?
这里有问题
- 您正在尝试访问 节点内部 ip
10.43.225.170
而不是 外部 一个。
- nodePort 服务配置不正确。此外,您正在尝试调用不正确的端口
您没有指定您使用的平台。我正在使用 GKE,所以在我的情况下它更容易,因为我在集群节点创建期间自动分配了外部 IP。但我必须手动创建入口防火墙规则以允许从外部访问节点和所需端口 (30000,30001)
在任何情况下,为了能够使用 nodePort
- 您应该将 外部 IP 地址分配给集群中的一个节点,以及允许进入该端口的流量的防火墙规则
接下来。您正在尝试呼叫 <NodeIP>:spec.ports[*].port
.
根据Type NodePort documentation:
Service is visible as <NodeIP>:spec.ports[*].nodePort
您需要明确指定 nodePort
我对你的部署做了一些改动,部署后在防火墙中打开相应的端口就可以访问pgAdmin了。
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: pgadmin-deployment
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: pgadmin-pod
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: pgadmin-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: pgadmin-container
image: dpage/pgadmin4
imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent"
ports:
- containerPort: 80
env:
- name: PGADMIN_DEFAULT_EMAIL
value: email@example.com
- name: PGADMIN_DEFAULT_PASSWORD
value: password
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: pgadmin-service
spec:
type: NodePort
ports:
- nodePort: 30000
targetPort: 80
port: 80
selector:
app: pgadmin-pod
--- postgres-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: postgres-deployment
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: postgres-pod
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: postgres-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: postgres-container
image: postgres:9.6-alpine
imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent"
ports:
- containerPort: 5432
env:
- name: POSTGRES_DB
value: database
- name: POSTGRES_PASSWORD
value: password
- name: POSTGRES_USER
value: username
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /var/lib/postgresql/data
name: postgrepvc
volumes:
- name: postgrepvc
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: postgres-pv-claim
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: postgres-service
spec:
type: NodePort
ports:
- nodePort: 30001
targetPort: 5432
port: 5432
selector:
app: postgres-pod
---
kind: PersistentVolume
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: postgres-pv-volume
labels:
type: local
app: postgres
spec:
storageClassName: manual
capacity:
storage: 5Gi
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
hostPath:
path: "/mnt/data"
---
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: postgres-pv-claim
labels:
app: postgres
spec:
storageClassName: manual
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
resources:
requests:
storage: 5Gi
检查:
kubectl apply -f pg_my.yaml
deployment.apps/pgadmin-deployment created
service/pgadmin-service created
service/postgres-service created
persistentvolume/postgres-pv-volume created
persistentvolumeclaim/postgres-pv-claim created
#In my case I take node external ip from any node from `kubectl get nodes -o wide` output:
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION INTERNAL-IP EXTERNAL-IP
gke-cluster-1-default-pool-*******-***** Ready <none> 20d v1.18.16-gke.502 10.186.0.7 *.*.*.*
curl *.*.*.*:30000
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">
<title>Redirecting...</title>
<h1>Redirecting...</h1>
<p>You should be redirected automatically to target URL: <a href="/login?next=%2F">/login?next=%2F</a>.
我阅读了以下内容 kubernetes docs,它导致了集群中 运行 postgresql 和 pgadmin 的以下 yaml:
--- pgadmin-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: pgadmin-deployment
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: pgadmin-pod
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: pgadmin-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: pgadmin-container
image: dpage/pgadmin4
imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent"
ports:
- containerPort: 80
env:
- name: PGADMIN_DEFAULT_EMAIL
value: email@example.com
- name: PGADMIN_DEFAULT_PASSWORD
value: password
--- pgadmin-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: pgadmin-service
spec:
type: NodePort
ports:
- port: 30000
targetPort: 80
selector:
app: pgadmin-pod
--- postgres-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: postgres-deployment
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: postgres-pod
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: postgres-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: postgres-container
image: postgres:9.6-alpine
imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent"
ports:
- containerPort: 5432
env:
- name: POSTGRES_DB
value: database
- name: POSTGRES_PASSWORD
value: password
- name: POSTGRES_USER
value: username
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /var/lib/postgresql/data
name: postgrepvc
volumes:
- name: postgrepvc
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: postgres-pv-claim
--- postgres-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: postgres-service
spec:
type: NodePort
ports:
- port: 30001
targetPort: 5432
selector:
app: postgres-pod
--- postgres-storage.yaml
postgres-storage.yaml
kind: PersistentVolume
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: postgres-pv-volume
labels:
type: local
app: postgres
spec:
storageClassName: manual
capacity:
storage: 5Gi
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
hostPath:
path: "/mnt/data"
---
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: postgres-pv-claim
labels:
app: postgres
spec:
storageClassName: manual
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
resources:
requests:
storage: 5Gi
然后我 运行 下面的命令 kubectl create -f ./
结果如下:
kubernetes pods / svc's
然后我尝试从集群外部访问 10.43.225.170:30000 上的 pgAdmin,但我收到“10.43.225.170 响应时间过长”。不管我怎么努力。
那么我如何将 pgAdmin 和 postgress 暴露给外界,有没有办法给他们静态 ip,这样我就不必每次在 kubernetes 上重新部署时都更新连接字符串中的 ip,或者我必须为此使用 statefulset 吗?
这里有问题
- 您正在尝试访问 节点内部 ip
10.43.225.170
而不是 外部 一个。 - nodePort 服务配置不正确。此外,您正在尝试调用不正确的端口
您没有指定您使用的平台。我正在使用 GKE,所以在我的情况下它更容易,因为我在集群节点创建期间自动分配了外部 IP。但我必须手动创建入口防火墙规则以允许从外部访问节点和所需端口 (30000,30001)
在任何情况下,为了能够使用 nodePort
- 您应该将 外部 IP 地址分配给集群中的一个节点,以及允许进入该端口的流量的防火墙规则
接下来。您正在尝试呼叫 <NodeIP>:spec.ports[*].port
.
根据Type NodePort documentation:
Service is visible as
<NodeIP>:spec.ports[*].nodePort
您需要明确指定 nodePort
我对你的部署做了一些改动,部署后在防火墙中打开相应的端口就可以访问pgAdmin了。
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: pgadmin-deployment
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: pgadmin-pod
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: pgadmin-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: pgadmin-container
image: dpage/pgadmin4
imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent"
ports:
- containerPort: 80
env:
- name: PGADMIN_DEFAULT_EMAIL
value: email@example.com
- name: PGADMIN_DEFAULT_PASSWORD
value: password
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: pgadmin-service
spec:
type: NodePort
ports:
- nodePort: 30000
targetPort: 80
port: 80
selector:
app: pgadmin-pod
--- postgres-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: postgres-deployment
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: postgres-pod
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: postgres-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: postgres-container
image: postgres:9.6-alpine
imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent"
ports:
- containerPort: 5432
env:
- name: POSTGRES_DB
value: database
- name: POSTGRES_PASSWORD
value: password
- name: POSTGRES_USER
value: username
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /var/lib/postgresql/data
name: postgrepvc
volumes:
- name: postgrepvc
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: postgres-pv-claim
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: postgres-service
spec:
type: NodePort
ports:
- nodePort: 30001
targetPort: 5432
port: 5432
selector:
app: postgres-pod
---
kind: PersistentVolume
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: postgres-pv-volume
labels:
type: local
app: postgres
spec:
storageClassName: manual
capacity:
storage: 5Gi
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
hostPath:
path: "/mnt/data"
---
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: postgres-pv-claim
labels:
app: postgres
spec:
storageClassName: manual
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
resources:
requests:
storage: 5Gi
检查:
kubectl apply -f pg_my.yaml
deployment.apps/pgadmin-deployment created
service/pgadmin-service created
service/postgres-service created
persistentvolume/postgres-pv-volume created
persistentvolumeclaim/postgres-pv-claim created
#In my case I take node external ip from any node from `kubectl get nodes -o wide` output:
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION INTERNAL-IP EXTERNAL-IP
gke-cluster-1-default-pool-*******-***** Ready <none> 20d v1.18.16-gke.502 10.186.0.7 *.*.*.*
curl *.*.*.*:30000
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">
<title>Redirecting...</title>
<h1>Redirecting...</h1>
<p>You should be redirected automatically to target URL: <a href="/login?next=%2F">/login?next=%2F</a>.