Emacs "void-variable custom-set-variables" 错误

Question

我是 Emacs 的新手，在尝试了一些模式后，我收到如下错误消息：

Warning (initialization): An error occurred while loading ‘/Users/Tao/.emacs’:

Symbol's value as variable is void: custom-set-variables

然后，按照我使用 --debug-init 选项启动 Emacs 的说明，消息如下：

Debugger entered--Lisp error: (void-variable custom-set-variables)
  eval-buffer(#<buffer  *load*> nil "/Users/Tao/.emacs" nil t)  ; Reading at buffer position 21
  load-with-code-conversion("/Users/Tao/.emacs" "/Users/Tao/.emacs" t t)
  load("~/.emacs" noerror nomessage)
  startup--load-user-init-file(#f(compiled-function () #<bytecode 0x1fee6b60d6f5>) #f(compiled-function () #<bytecode 0x1fee6b60d709>) t)
  command-line()
  normal-top-level()

然后我打开了我的 .emacs 文件：

custom-set-variables
 ;; custom-set-variables was added by Custom.
 ;; If you edit it by hand, you could mess it up, so be careful.
 ;; Your init file should contain only one such instance.
 ;; If there is more than one, they won't work right.
 '(ansi-color-faces-vector
   [default default default italic underline success warning error])
 '(custom-enabled-themes '(tango-dark))
 '(package-selected-packages '(auctex proof-general)))
(custom-set-faces
 ;; custom-set-faces was added by Custom.
 ;; If you edit it by hand, you could mess it up, so be careful.
 ;; Your init file should contain only one such instance.
 ;; If there is more than one, they won't work right.
 )
(require 'package)
;; (setq gnutls-algorithm-priority "NORMAL:-VERS-TLS1.3") ; see remark below
(add-to-list 'package-archives '("melpa" . "https://melpa.org/packages/") t)
(package-initialize)
 (dolist (hook '(tex-mode-hook))
      (add-hook hook (lambda () (flyspell-mode 1))))

请问具体是什么错误，如何在init文件中修复？非常感谢！

Answer 1

custom-set-variables 是函数，不是变量。您需要表达式，它是一个列表，其 car 是 custom-set-variables:

(custom-set-variables
 ;; custom-set-variables was added by Custom.
 ;; If you edit it by hand, you could mess it up, so be careful.
 ;; Your init file should contain only one such instance.
 ;; If there is more than one, they won't work right.
 '(SOME-OPTION THE-OPTION-VALUE)
  ;; ...
 )

并注意评论。您似乎编辑了该表达式，并删除了 custom-set-variables 之前的左括号。这无疑是一次意外（打字错误）。它强调了定义变量 custom-file 的建议，使 Emacs（自定义）不干涉您的 init 文件，而是将此类自动表达式放在您的 custom-file 中。

Emacs "void-variable custom-set-variables" 错误

Emacs "void-variable custom-set-variables" error

function

variables

emacs

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