在 Ocaml 中 Camlp5 没有安装（需要使用 Quotations）

Question

在 Ocaml 4 中，我必须在其 Quotation.add 和 Quotation.ExStr 函数上使用 Quotation 模块。看来我必须安装 Camlp5 库（似乎是预处理器）才能这样做。找到很多关于 Camlp 的信息，例如：

Camlp5: https://camlp5.readthedocs.io/en/latest/intro.html
Camlp5: https://camlp5.github.io/doc/html/index.html
Camlp4: https://caml.inria.fr/pub/docs/tutorial-camlp4/tutorial004.html

但是没有安装指南，所以我尝试了：opam install camlp5 结果：

┌─ The following actions failed
│ λ build conf-perl-ipc-system-simple 1
│ λ build conf-perl-string-shellquote 1
└─ 
╶─ No changes have been performed

所以有些依赖似乎不存在，我试过：opam depext --install camlp5 结果：

┌─ The following actions failed
│ λ build conf-perl-ipc-system-simple 1
│ λ build conf-perl-string-shellquote 1
└─ 
╶─ No changes have been performed
# Run eval $(opam env) to update the current shell environment

所以好像不行。

两条命令的错误诊断是一样的：


The following actions will be performed:
  ∗ install conf-perl-string-shellquote 1       [required by camlp5]
  ∗ install conf-perl-ipc-system-simple 1       [required by camlp5]
  ∗ install camlp5                      8.00.01
===== ∗ 3 =====
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y

<><> Gathering sources ><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>   
[camlp5.8.00.01] found in cache

<><> Processing actions <><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>   
[ERROR] The compilation of conf-perl-ipc-system-simple failed at
        "/Users/.../.opam/opam-init/hooks/sandbox.sh build perl
        -MIPC::System::Simple -e 1".
[ERROR] The compilation of conf-perl-string-shellquote failed at
        "/Users/.../.opam/opam-init/hooks/sandbox.sh build perl
        -MString::ShellQuote -e 1".

#=== ERROR while compiling conf-perl-string-shellquote.1 ======================#
# context     2.0.8 | macos/x86_64 | ocaml-base-compiler.4.10.2 | https://opam.ocaml.org#ff95b837
# path        ~/.opam/4.10.2/.opam-switch/build/conf-perl-string-shellquote.1
# command     ~/.opam/opam-init/hooks/sandbox.sh build perl -MString::ShellQuote -e 1
# exit-code   2
# env-file    ~/.opam/log/conf-perl-string-shellquote-1585-1872ec.env
# output-file ~/.opam/log/conf-perl-string-shellquote-1585-1872ec.out
### output ###
# Can't locate String/ShellQuote.pm in @INC (you may need to install the String::ShellQuote module) (@INC contains: /Library/Perl/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2level /Library/Perl/5.18 /Network/Library/Perl/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2level /Network/Library/Perl/5.18 /Library/Perl/Updates/5.18.4 /System/Library/Perl/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2level /System/Library/Perl/5.18 /System/Library/Perl/Extras[...]
# BEGIN failed--compilation aborted.


#=== ERROR while compiling conf-perl-ipc-system-simple.1 ======================#
# context     2.0.8 | macos/x86_64 | ocaml-base-compiler.4.10.2 | https://opam.ocaml.org#ff95b837
# path        ~/.opam/4.10.2/.opam-switch/build/conf-perl-ipc-system-simple.1
# command     ~/.opam/opam-init/hooks/sandbox.sh build perl -MIPC::System::Simple -e 1
# exit-code   2
# env-file    ~/.opam/log/conf-perl-ipc-system-simple-1585-d2c37b.env
# output-file ~/.opam/log/conf-perl-ipc-system-simple-1585-d2c37b.out
### output ###
# Can't locate IPC/System/Simple.pm in @INC (you may need to install the IPC::System::Simple module) (@INC contains: /Library/Perl/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2level /Library/Perl/5.18 /Network/Library/Perl/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2level /Network/Library/Perl/5.18 /Library/Perl/Updates/5.18.4 /System/Library/Perl/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2level /System/Library/Perl/5.18 /System/Library/Perl/Extra[...]
# BEGIN failed--compilation aborted.

我已经尝试了几个小时的类似物和替代品，但无法实现。有帮助吗？

PS1：我在MAC工作。 PS2: 如果有人愿意，我这个问题的背景是我想使用一个目录的功能——这对我来说是一个黑盒子——，所有的例子都是用解析器写的，比如 <<y+2=5>> 所以我不知道语法，必须实现才能使解析器运行.

编辑 1（Ivg 提出的解决方案）

在尝试了 Ivg 提出的解决方案的两个命令后（在其中一个问题中回答 local::lib，在其他问题中回答 yes），第二个错误似乎已得到纠正，当执行opam install camlp5:

<><> Error report <><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>   
┌─ The following actions failed
│ λ build conf-perl-ipc-system-simple 1
└─ 
┌─ The following changes have been performed (the rest was aborted)
│ ∗ install conf-perl-string-shellquote 1
└─

整个航站楼所在的位置：

... ~ % opam install camlp5
The following actions will be performed:
  ∗ install conf-perl-string-shellquote 1       [required by camlp5]
  ∗ install conf-perl-ipc-system-simple 1       [required by camlp5]
  ∗ install camlp5                      8.00.01
===== ∗ 3 =====
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y

<><> Gathering sources ><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>   
[camlp5.8.00.01] found in cache

<><> Processing actions <><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>   
[ERROR] The compilation of conf-perl-ipc-system-simple failed at
        "/Users/.../.opam/opam-init/hooks/sandbox.sh build perl
        -MIPC::System::Simple -e 1".
∗ installed conf-perl-string-shellquote.1

#=== ERROR while compiling conf-perl-ipc-system-simple.1 ======================#
# context     2.0.8 | macos/x86_64 | ocaml-base-compiler.4.10.2 | https://opam.ocaml.org#ff95b837
# path        ~/.opam/4.10.2/.opam-switch/build/conf-perl-ipc-system-simple.1
# command     ~/.opam/opam-init/hooks/sandbox.sh build perl -MIPC::System::Simple -e 1
# exit-code   2
# env-file    ~/.opam/log/conf-perl-ipc-system-simple-20351-1872ec.env
# output-file ~/.opam/log/conf-perl-ipc-system-simple-20351-1872ec.out
### output ###
# Can't locate IPC/System/Simple.pm in @INC (you may need to install the IPC::System::Simple module) (@INC contains: /Library/Perl/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2level /Library/Perl/5.18 /Network/Library/Perl/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2level /Network/Library/Perl/5.18 /Library/Perl/Updates/5.18.4/darwin-thread-multi-2level /Library/Perl/Updates/5.18.4 /System/Library/Perl/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2le[...]
# BEGIN failed--compilation aborted.

编辑 2（已解决，重复）

突然间它起作用了。我又写了一次sudo cpan IPC::System::Simple（现在没有问题了）然后是opam install conf-perl-ipc-system-simple.

无论如何，Quoation 模块没有为我打开。

Answer 1

错误消息表明您的 perl 安装缺少两个模块，String::ShellQuote 和 IPC::System::Simple。由于 opam 不知道如何在 macOS 上执行此操作（选项太多），它只是表示缺少这些模块并且是 camlp5 安装所必需的，因此无法继续。现在轮到你了，你需要弄清楚如何让这两个模块可用于你的 perl 安装。

您可以尝试为此使用 CPAN，例如（sudo 可能不是必需的，具体取决于您的配置）

 sudo cpan IPC::System::Simple
 sudo cpan String::ShellQuote

在 Ocaml 中 Camlp5 没有安装（需要使用 Quotations）

In Ocaml Camlp5 is not installing (and it is necessary to use Quotations)

installation

ocaml

opam

quotations

camlp4