Python 自动售货机错误（未定义订购咖啡）

Question

我想对食物进行分类，设置类别，选择食物。我希望选择食物后总价上涨。订购咖啡部分对我来说是个问题。咖啡菜单与其他类别重叠。另外，如果我按下订单完成按钮，我想要一张带有感谢信息的收据。我该怎么办？

我的错误信息是

The menu you entered does not exist.
Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/tkinter/__init__.py", line 1883, in __call__
    return self.func(*args)
  File "/Users/mason/PycharmProjects/APCSP/APCSP.py", line 174, in <lambda>
    btn_drink_1 = tk.Button(frame3, text="Iced Coffee\n(.65)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: drink_add('Iced Coffee'))
  File "/Users/mason/PycharmProjects/APCSP/APCSP.py", line 60, in drink_add
    total_price += this_price
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +=: 'float' and 'NoneType'

这是我的代码

price_meal = {"Donut": 1.25, "Filled Donut": 1.50, "Apple Fritter": 2.95, "Cinnamon roll": 2.95, "Muffin": 2.95, "Scone": 2.95}
price_drink = {"Hot Tea": 1.95, "Hot Chocolate": 1.75, "Milk": 1.50, "Chocolate Milk": 1.95, "Soda": 2.25}
price_coffees = {"Iced Coffee": 2.65, "Cold Brew": 3.95, "Iced Americano" :2.45, "Mochatella":4.25, "Iced Mochatella": 4.75, "Cafe Caramel/Mocha": 4.70}

order_meal = {}
order_drink = {}
order_coffees = {}

total_price = 0


def show_meal():
    btn_meal.configure(bg="yellow")
    btn_drink.configure(bg="white")
    frame4.pack_forget()
    frame3.pack_forget()
    frame2.pack(fill="both", expand=True)
    frame4.pack(fill="both", expand=True)

def show_drink():
    btn_meal.configure(bg="white")
    btn_drink.configure(bg="yellow")
    frame4.pack_forget()
    frame2.pack_forget()
    frame3.pack(fill="both", expand=True)
    frame4.pack(fill="both", expand=True)

def show_coffees():
    btn_meal.configure(bg="white")
    btn_drink.configure(bg="yellow")
    frame4.pack_forget()
    frame2.pack_forget()
    frame3.pack(fill="both", expand=True)
    frame4.pack(fill="both", expand=True)


def meal_add(m):
    global price_meal, order_meal, total_price
    if m not in price_meal:
        print("The menu you entered does not exist.")
    this_price = price_meal.get(m)
    total_price += this_price

    if m in order_meal:
        order_meal[m] = order_meal.get(m) + 1
    else:
        order_meal[m] = 1
    print_order()
    print_price()


def drink_add(m):
    global price_drink, order_drink, total_price
    if m not in price_drink:
        print("The menu you entered does not exist.")
    this_price = price_drink.get(m)
    total_price += this_price

    if m in order_drink:
        order_drink[m] = order_drink.get(m) + 1
    else:
        order_drink[m] = 1
    print_order()
    print_price()


def coffees_add(m):
    global price_coffees, order_coffees, total_price
    if m not in price_coffees:
        print("The menu you entered does not exist.")
    this_price = price_coffees.get(m)
    total_price += this_price

    if m in order_coffees:
        order_drink[m] = order_coffees.get(m) + 1
    else:
        order_coffees[m] = 1
    print_order()
    print_price()


def print_order():
    global order_meal, order_drink, order_coffees

    tmp = ""
    price_tmp = 0
    for i in order_meal:
        price_tmp = price_meal[i] * order_meal.get(i)
        tmp = tmp + i + " X " + str(order_meal.get(i)) +  " = " + str(price_tmp)+"\n"
    for i in order_drink:
        price_tmp = price_drink[i] * order_drink.get(i)
        tmp = tmp + i + " X " + str(order_drink.get(i)) +  " = " + str(price_tmp)+"\n"
    for i in order_coffees:
        price_tmp = price_coffees[i] * order_coffees.get(i)
        tmp = tmp + i + " X " + str(order_coffees.get(i)) +  " = " + str(price_tmp)+"\n"

    text_1.delete('1.0', tk.END)
    text_1.insert(tk.INSERT, tmp)


def order_end():
    global total_price, order_meal, order_drink, order_coffees
    total_price = 0
    del order_meal
    del order_drink
    del order_coffees

    order_meal = {}
    order_drink = {}
    order_coffees = {}
    print_price()
    print_order()
    show_meal()


def print_price():
    global total_price
    label_price.configure(text=str(total_price))


window = tk.Tk()
window.title("Brunch Cafe")
window.geometry("800x400+500+300")
window.resizable(False, False)

frame1 = tk.Frame(window, width="800", height="10")
frame1.pack(fill="both")

frame2 = tk.Frame(window, width="800")
frame2.pack(fill="both", expand=True)

frame3 = tk.Frame(window, width="800")
frame3.pack(fill="both", expand=True)

frame4 = tk.Frame(window, width="800")
# frame4.pack(fill="both", expand=True)

frame5 = tk.Frame(window, width="800", height="10")
frame5.pack(fill="both", expand=True)

btn_meal = tk.Button(frame1, text="meal", padx="10", pady="10", bg="yellow", command=show_meal)
btn_meal.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_drink = tk.Button(frame1, text="drinks", padx="10", pady="10", bg="white", command=show_drink)
btn_drink.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_end = tk.Button(frame1, text="Order Completed", padx="10", pady="10", command=order_end)
btn_end.grid(row=0, column=2, padx=10, pady=10)

label_price = tk.Label(frame1, text="0 dollars", width="20", padx=10, pady="10", fg="blue", font='Arial 15')
label_price.grid(row=0, column="3", padx="10", pady="10")

# Meal
btn_meal_1 = tk.Button(frame2, text="Donut\n(.25)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: meal_add('Donut'))
btn_meal_1.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_meal_2 = tk.Button(frame2, text="Filled Donut\n(.50)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: meal_add('Filled Donut'))
btn_meal_2.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_meal_3 = tk.Button(frame2, text="Cinnamon roll\n(.95)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: meal_add('Cinnamon roll'))
btn_meal_3.grid(row=0, column=2, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_meal_4 = tk.Button(frame2, text="Muffin\n(.95)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: meal_add('Muffin'))
btn_meal_4.grid(row=0, column=3, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_meal_5 = tk.Button(frame2, text="Scone\n(.95)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: meal_add('Scone'))
btn_meal_5.grid(row=0, column=4, padx=10, pady=10)


# Coffees
btn_drink_1 = tk.Button(frame3, text="Iced Coffee\n(.65)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: drink_add('Iced Coffee'))
btn_drink_1.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_drink_2 = tk.Button(frame3, text="Cold Brew\n(.95)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: drink_add('Cold Brew'))
btn_drink_2.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_drink_3 = tk.Button(frame3, text="Iced Americano\n(.45)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: drink_add('Iced Americano'))
btn_drink_3.grid(row=0, column=2, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_drink_4 = tk.Button(frame3, text="Mochatella\n(.25)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: drink_add('Mochatella'))
btn_drink_4.grid(row=0, column=3, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_drink_6 = tk.Button(frame3, text="Iced Mochatella\n(.75)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: drink_add('Iced Mochatella'))
btn_drink_6.grid(row=0, column=4, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_drink_7 = tk.Button(frame3, text="Cafe Caramel/Mocha\n(.70)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: drink_add('Cafe Caramel/Mocha'))
btn_drink_7.grid(row=0, column=4, padx=10, pady=10)


# Drinks
btn_drink_1 = tk.Button(frame4, text="Hot Tea\n(.95)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: drink_add('Hot Tea'))
btn_drink_1.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_drink_2 = tk.Button(frame4, text="Hot Chocolate\n(.75)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: drink_add('Hot Chocolate'))
btn_drink_2.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_drink_3 = tk.Button(frame4, text="Milk\n(.50)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: drink_add('Milk'))
btn_drink_3.grid(row=0, column=2, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_drink_4 = tk.Button(frame4, text="Soda\n(.25)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: drink_add('Soda'))
btn_drink_4.grid(row=0, column=3, padx=10, pady=10)


# Order list
text_1 = tk.Text(frame5, height="10")
text_1.pack()

window.mainloop()

Answer 1

错误告诉您 this_price 是 None。为什么会这样？

好吧，如果我们查看 the documentation for the .get 方法：

None if the key is not found and value is not specified.

在您的代码中，您没有将值传递给 .get() 方法。参数是[key, value]，你没有传值

所以，把this_price = price_meal.get(m)换成this_price = price_meal[str(m)]，你就会得到你想要的值。

您将使用 slice notation 而不是 .get。 Python 会在字典中查找 m，当它找到 m 时，它会 return 字典中 m 的值，也就是价格.

您的整个代码如下所示：

price_meal = {"Donut": 1.25, "Filled Donut": 1.50, "Apple Fritter": 2.95, "Cinnamon roll": 2.95, "Muffin": 2.95, "Scone": 2.95}
price_drink = {"Hot Tea": 1.95, "Hot Chocolate": 1.75, "Milk": 1.50, "Chocolate Milk": 1.95, "Soda": 2.25}
price_coffees = {"Iced Coffee": 2.65, "Cold Brew": 3.95, "Iced Americano" :2.45, "Mochatella":4.25, "Iced Mochatella": 4.75, "Cafe Caramel/Mocha": 4.70}

order_meal = {}
order_drink = {}
order_coffees = {}

total_price = 0


def show_meal():
    btn_meal.configure(bg="yellow")
    btn_drink.configure(bg="white")
    frame4.pack_forget()
    frame3.pack_forget()
    frame2.pack(fill="both", expand=True)
    frame4.pack(fill="both", expand=True)

def show_drink():
    btn_meal.configure(bg="white")
    btn_drink.configure(bg="yellow")
    frame4.pack_forget()
    frame2.pack_forget()
    frame3.pack(fill="both", expand=True)
    frame4.pack(fill="both", expand=True)

def show_coffees():
    btn_meal.configure(bg="white")
    btn_drink.configure(bg="yellow")
    frame4.pack_forget()
    frame2.pack_forget()
    frame3.pack(fill="both", expand=True)
    frame4.pack(fill="both", expand=True)


def meal_add(m):
    global price_meal, order_meal, total_price
    if m not in price_meal:
        print("The menu you entered does not exist.")
    this_price = price_meal[m]
    total_price += this_price

    if m in order_meal:
        order_meal[m] = order_meal[m] + 1
    else:
        order_meal[m] = 1
    print_order()
    print_price()


def drink_add(m):
    global price_drink, order_drink, total_price
    if m not in price_drink:
        print("The menu you entered does not exist.")
    this_price = price_drink[m]
    total_price += this_price

    if m in order_drink:
        order_drink[m] = order_drink[m] + 1
    else:
        order_drink[m] = 1
    print_order()
    print_price()


def coffees_add(m):
    global price_coffees, order_coffees, total_price
    if m not in price_coffees:
        print("The menu you entered does not exist.")
    this_price = price_coffees[m]
    total_price += this_price

    if m in order_coffees:
        order_drink[m] = order_coffees[m] + 1
    else:
        order_coffees[m] = 1
    print_order()
    print_price()


def print_order():
    global order_meal, order_drink, order_coffees

    tmp = ""
    price_tmp = 0
    for i in order_meal:
        price_tmp = price_meal[i] * order_meal[i]
        tmp = tmp + i + " X " + str(order_meal[i]) +  " = " + str(price_tmp)+"\n"
    for i in order_drink:
        price_tmp = price_drink[i] * order_drink[i]
        tmp = tmp + i + " X " + str(order_drink[i]) +  " = " + str(price_tmp)+"\n"
    for i in order_coffees:
        price_tmp = price_coffees[i] * order_coffees[i]
        tmp = tmp + i + " X " + str(order_coffees[i]) +  " = " + str(price_tmp)+"\n"

    text_1.delete('1.0', tk.END)
    text_1.insert(tk.INSERT, tmp)


def order_end():
    global total_price, order_meal, order_drink, order_coffees
    total_price = 0
    del order_meal
    del order_drink
    del order_coffees

    order_meal = {}
    order_drink = {}
    order_coffees = {}
    print_price()
    print_order()
    show_meal()


def print_price():
    global total_price
    label_price.configure(text=str(total_price))

import tkinter as tk
window = tk.Tk()
window.title("Brunch Cafe")
window.geometry("800x400+500+300")
window.resizable(False, False)

frame1 = tk.Frame(window, width="800", height="10")
frame1.pack(fill="both")

frame2 = tk.Frame(window, width="800")
frame2.pack(fill="both", expand=True)

frame3 = tk.Frame(window, width="800")
frame3.pack(fill="both", expand=True)

frame4 = tk.Frame(window, width="800")
# frame4.pack(fill="both", expand=True)

frame5 = tk.Frame(window, width="800", height="10")
frame5.pack(fill="both", expand=True)

btn_meal = tk.Button(frame1, text="meal", padx="10", pady="10", bg="yellow", command=show_meal)
btn_meal.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_drink = tk.Button(frame1, text="drinks", padx="10", pady="10", bg="white", command=show_drink)
btn_drink.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_end = tk.Button(frame1, text="Order Completed", padx="10", pady="10", command=order_end)
btn_end.grid(row=0, column=2, padx=10, pady=10)

label_price = tk.Label(frame1, text="0 dollars", width="20", padx=10, pady="10", fg="blue", font='Arial 15')
label_price.grid(row=0, column="3", padx="10", pady="10")

# Meal
btn_meal_1 = tk.Button(frame2, text="Donut\n(.25)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: meal_add('Donut'))
btn_meal_1.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_meal_2 = tk.Button(frame2, text="Filled Donut\n(.50)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: meal_add('Filled Donut'))
btn_meal_2.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_meal_3 = tk.Button(frame2, text="Cinnamon roll\n(.95)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: meal_add('Cinnamon roll'))
btn_meal_3.grid(row=0, column=2, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_meal_4 = tk.Button(frame2, text="Muffin\n(.95)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: meal_add('Muffin'))
btn_meal_4.grid(row=0, column=3, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_meal_5 = tk.Button(frame2, text="Scone\n(.95)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: meal_add('Scone'))
btn_meal_5.grid(row=0, column=4, padx=10, pady=10)


# Coffees
btn_drink_1 = tk.Button(frame3, text="Iced Coffee\n(.65)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: drink_add('Iced Coffee'))
btn_drink_1.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_drink_2 = tk.Button(frame3, text="Cold Brew\n(.95)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: drink_add('Cold Brew'))
btn_drink_2.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_drink_3 = tk.Button(frame3, text="Iced Americano\n(.45)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: drink_add('Iced Americano'))
btn_drink_3.grid(row=0, column=2, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_drink_4 = tk.Button(frame3, text="Mochatella\n(.25)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: drink_add('Mochatella'))
btn_drink_4.grid(row=0, column=3, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_drink_6 = tk.Button(frame3, text="Iced Mochatella\n(.75)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: drink_add('Iced Mochatella'))
btn_drink_6.grid(row=0, column=4, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_drink_7 = tk.Button(frame3, text="Cafe Caramel/Mocha\n(.70)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: drink_add('Cafe Caramel/Mocha'))
btn_drink_7.grid(row=0, column=4, padx=10, pady=10)


# Drinks
btn_drink_1 = tk.Button(frame4, text="Hot Tea\n(.95)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: drink_add('Hot Tea'))
btn_drink_1.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_drink_2 = tk.Button(frame4, text="Hot Chocolate\n(.75)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: drink_add('Hot Chocolate'))
btn_drink_2.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_drink_3 = tk.Button(frame4, text="Milk\n(.50)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: drink_add('Milk'))
btn_drink_3.grid(row=0, column=2, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_drink_4 = tk.Button(frame4, text="Soda\n(.25)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: drink_add('Soda'))
btn_drink_4.grid(row=0, column=3, padx=10, pady=10)


# Order list
text_1 = tk.Text(frame5, height="10")
text_1.pack()

window.mainloop()

请注意，我基本上将 dictionary.get(m) 的每个实例都替换为 dictionary[m]。

Answer 2

这是因为您对所有咖啡项目都使用了drink_add()。使用 coffees_add() 代替：

# Coffees
btn_drink_1 = tk.Button(frame3, text="Iced Coffee\n(.65)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: coffees_add('Iced Coffee'))
btn_drink_1.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_drink_2 = tk.Button(frame3, text="Cold Brew\n(.95)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: coffees_add('Cold Brew'))
btn_drink_2.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_drink_3 = tk.Button(frame3, text="Iced Americano\n(.45)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: coffees_add('Iced Americano'))
btn_drink_3.grid(row=0, column=2, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_drink_4 = tk.Button(frame3, text="Mochatella\n(.25)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: coffees_add('Mochatella'))
btn_drink_4.grid(row=0, column=3, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_drink_6 = tk.Button(frame3, text="Iced Mochatella\n(.75)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: coffees_add('Iced Mochatella'))
btn_drink_6.grid(row=0, column=4, padx=10, pady=10)

btn_drink_7 = tk.Button(frame3, text="Cafe Caramel\n/Mocha\n(.70)", padx="10", pady="10", width="10", command=lambda: coffees_add('Cafe Caramel/Mocha'))
btn_drink_7.grid(row=0, column=5, padx=10, pady=10)

请注意，对于 btn_drink_7，我也将 column=4 更改为 column=5。您还为 coffees 和 drinks.

使用了相同的变量名集

coffees_add()中的以下块有错字：

if m in order_coffees:
    order_drink[m] = order_coffees.get(m) + 1   # <- order_coffees[m] should be used instead
else:
    order_coffees[m] = 1

Python 自动售货机错误（未定义订购咖啡）

Python vending machine error (order coffees is not defined)

python

tk

tkinter

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