在 Django 中创建超级用户时如何定义额外字段？

Question

我的models.py里有这个：

class UserManager(BaseUserManager):

    def create_user(self, name, password=None):

        """

        Creates and saves a User with the given name and password.

        """

        if not name:

            raise ValueError('A user must have a name.')



        user = self.model()

        user.set_password(password)

        user.save(using=self._db)

        return user



    def create_staffuser(self, name, password):

        """

        Creates and saves a staff user with the given name and password.

        """

        user = self.create_user(

            name,

            password=password,

        )

        user.staff = True

        user.save(using=self._db)

        return user



    def create_superuser(self, name, password, id):

        """

        Creates and saves a superuser with the given name and password.

        """

        user = self.create_user(

            name,

            id,

            password=password,

        )

        user.staff = True

        user.admin = True

        user.save(using=self._db)

        return user

我在我的 create_superuser 方法中添加字段 id 的原因是它是我模型中的必填字段，我认为当运行时我也需要包含它python manage.py createsuperuser。我的问题是我不知道如何自定义超级用户创建。有了这个，我总是得到错误 TypeError: create_superuser() missing 1 required positional argument: 'id'。我还尝试从函数中删除 id。然后该过程顺利进行，但我无法登录管理站点，它说用户名或密码不正确。我的 admin.py:

里有这个

from django.contrib import admin

from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model

from django.contrib.auth.models import Group

from django.contrib.auth.admin import UserAdmin as BaseUserAdmin

from .forms import UserAdminCreationForm, UserAdminChangeForm


User = get_user_model()


# Remove Group Model from admin. We're not using it.

admin.site.unregister(Group)


class UserAdmin(BaseUserAdmin):

    # The forms to add and change user instances

    form = UserAdminChangeForm

    add_form = UserAdminCreationForm



    # The fields to be used in displaying the User model.

    # These override the definitions on the base UserAdmin

    # that reference specific fields on auth.User.

    list_display = ['name', 'admin']

    list_filter = ['admin']

    fieldsets = (

        (None, {'fields': ('name', 'password')}),

        ('Personal info', {'fields': ()}),

        ('Permissions', {'fields': ('admin',)}),

    )

    # add_fieldsets is not a standard ModelAdmin attribute. UserAdmin

    # overrides get_fieldsets to use this attribute when creating a user.

    add_fieldsets = (

        (None, {

            'classes': ('wide',),

            'fields': ('name', 'password1', 'password2')}

        ),

    )

    search_fields = ['name']

    ordering = ['name']

    filter_horizontal = ()


admin.site.register(User, UserAdmin)

我是否需要修改 admin.py 文件才能使其正常工作，或者是否有其他一些明显的原因导致它不起作用？

Answer 1

无论如何，手动给 id 值确实是不好的做法。 ID应该是自动生成的。但是如果你真的想获取id作为函数参数，那么你需要重写Django创建超级用户的命令。

您可以在此处阅读自定义 Django 管理命令的详细信息。 https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/custom-management-commands/

在 Django 中创建超级用户时如何定义额外字段？

How to define extra fields when creating super user in Django?

python

django

django-models

django-admin