ld：对“lua_”的未定义引用。我不知道为什么 ld 不能引用 lua，即使它在那里
ld: undefined reference to `lua_`. I don't know why ld cannot reference lua even though its there
我正在尝试从这个 git-repo for a university project and I'm stuck because ld does not seem to be able to link lua properly. I followed the install instructions 安装代码并使用以下代码编译代码：
catkin_make -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=/usr/bin/python3 -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=14
失败并显示几条消息，例如：
/usr/bin/ld: /home/felixk/catkin_ws/devel/lib/libflatland_lib.so: undefined reference to `lua_toboolean(lua_State*, int)'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/felixk/catkin_ws/devel/lib/libflatland_lib.so: undefined reference to `lua_tonumberx(lua_State*, int, int*)'
...
/usr/bin/ld: /home/felixk/catkin_ws/devel/lib/libflatland_lib.so: undefined reference to `lua_pushstring(lua_State*, char const*)'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/felixk/catkin_ws/devel/lib/libflatland_lib.so: undefined reference to `lua_isstring(lua_State*, int)'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
代码已经过测试并可在 Ubuntu 18.04 上运行，但我正试图让它在 Manjaro 上运行。手册指出 liblua5.2-dev 是必需的，我从 AUR 安装了 lua52，它似乎提供了正确的库。
ldd的输出是：
ldd /home/felixk/catkin_ws/devel/lib/libflatland_lib.so | grep lua
liblua5.2.so.5.2 => /usr/lib/liblua5.2.so.5.2 (0x00007f23fd51c000)
然后我检查了 /usr/lib/liblua5.2.so.5.2 是否存在并且确实存在。我尝试使用 readelf 检查 liblua5.2.so.5.2 是否包含 undefined references:
readelf -s /usr/lib/liblua5.2.so.5.2
Symbol table '.dynsym' contains 245 entries:
Num: Value Size Type Bind Vis Ndx Name
0: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPE LOCAL DEFAULT UND
1: 0000000000000000 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT UND __[...]@GLIBC_2.3 (2)
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7: 0000000000000000 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT UND [...]@GLIBC_2.2.5 (3)
8: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPE WEAK DEFAULT UND _ITM_deregisterT[...]
9: 0000000000000000 0 OBJECT GLOBAL DEFAULT UND [...]@GLIBC_2.2.5 (3)
10: 0000000000000000 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT UND [...]@GLIBC_2.2.5 (3)
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13: 0000000000000000 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT UND fread@GLIBC_2.2.5 (3)
14: 0000000000000000 0 OBJECT GLOBAL DEFAULT UND stdin@GLIBC_2.2.5 (3)
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93: 0000000000000000 0 OBJECT GLOBAL DEFAULT UND [...]@GLIBC_2.2.5 (3)
94: 0000000000000000 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT UND [...]@GLIBC_2.3.4 (8)
95: 0000000000007680 135 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_arith
96: 0000000000008640 32 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_getctx
97: 00000000000085d0 97 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_setuservalue
98: 0000000000008bd0 24 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_getallocf
99: 00000000000086f0 273 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_pcallk
100: 0000000000007a80 47 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_touserdata
101: 000000000000aff0 1192 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_getinfo
102: 000000000001b420 169 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_openlib
103: 0000000000007460 60 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_insert
104: 0000000000007580 83 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_isnumber
105: 00000000000149d0 231 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_newthread
106: 0000000000024d90 117 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_openlibs
107: 000000000001b360 183 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_setfuncs
108: 000000000001ae50 275 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_tolstring
109: 00000000000074a0 30 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_replace
110: 000000000001a840 38 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_buffinitsize
111: 0000000000008df0 72 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_upvalueid
112: 0000000000007ef0 108 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_getglobal
113: 00000000000209c0 42 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaopen_os
114: 000000000001a870 214 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_ref
115: 000000000000ae00 5 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_gethook
116: 0000000000007370 24 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_version
117: 0000000000008260 39 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_settable
118: 0000000000019b40 159 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_where
119: 000000000001a1f0 63 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_checktype
120: 000000000001a230 58 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_checkany
121: 0000000000019e90 132 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_fileresult
122: 000000000001a5b0 57 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_optunsigned
123: 0000000000008e40 92 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_upvaluejoin
124: 000000000001a050 33 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_setmetatable
125: 000000000001a9b0 656 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_loadfilex
126: 0000000000008c00 76 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_newuserdata
127: 0000000000007600 26 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_isuserdata
128: 000000000001a2c0 106 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_optlstring
129: 000000000001a6f0 44 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_addstring
130: 0000000000007390 34 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_absindex
131: 0000000000007c40 98 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_pushstring
132: 00000000000078a0 133 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_tounsignedx
133: 0000000000008660 135 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_callk
134: 0000000000007560 26 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_iscfunction
135: 000000000001ad60 85 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_callmeta
136: 000000000001c470 127 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaopen_base
137: 00000000000250e0 129 OBJECT GLOBAL DEFAULT 11 lua_ident
138: 0000000000008810 219 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_load
139: 000000000001acd0 139 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_getmetafield
140: 0000000000007fe0 44 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_rawget
141: 00000000000074c0 37 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_copy
142: 0000000000008290 94 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_setfield
143: 00000000000072e0 102 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_xmove
144: 000000000001f430 216 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaopen_io
145: 0000000000008d10 221 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_setupvalue
146: 0000000000019cd0 315 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_argerror
147: 00000000000080c0 102 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_createtable
148: 0000000000007350 22 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_atpanic
149: 0000000000008010 50 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_rawgeti
150: 000000000000c7a0 155 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_yieldk
151: 0000000000008b10 145 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_concat
152: 000000000001a330 157 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_checkoption
153: 0000000000008050 108 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_rawgetp
154: 0000000000008930 391 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_gc
155: 00000000000073e0 64 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_settop
156: 000000000001b040 127 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_getsubtable
157: 0000000000007dd0 175 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_pushcclosure
158: 000000000001ac40 72 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_loadbufferx
159: 0000000000008bf0 12 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_setallocf
160: 0000000000007b30 20 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_pushnil
161: 0000000000007a50 39 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_tocfunction
162: 000000000001a490 109 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_checkinteger
163: 0000000000019f20 175 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_execresult
164: 000000000000ae10 5 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_gethookmask
165: 00000000000082f0 126 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_rawset
166: 0000000000008920 5 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_status
167: 0000000000008ad0 50 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_next
168: 000000000001a180 105 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_checkstack
169: 00000000000081e0 119 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_setglobal
170: 000000000001a440 67 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_optnumber
171: 0000000000007420 55 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_remove
172: 000000000000af50 154 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_setlocal
173: 0000000000019fd0 122 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_newmetatable
174: 0000000000014b10 16 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_close
175: 000000000000ae20 4 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_gethookcount
176: 00000000000077a0 119 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_tonumberx
177: 0000000000007cb0 64 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_pushvfstring
178: 0000000000007710 143 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_compare
179: 0000000000007e80 29 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_pushboolean
180: 0000000000007f60 38 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_gettable
181: 000000000001ffa0 118 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaopen_math
182: 0000000000007ba0 53 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_pushunsigned
183: 000000000001b0c0 174 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_requiref
184: 000000000000c650 328 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_resume
185: 0000000000008370 110 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_rawseti
186: 00000000000088f0 41 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_dump
187: 000000000001adc0 130 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_len
188: 0000000000022f50 167 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaopen_string
189: 0000000000007ec0 40 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_pushthread
190: 000000000001b170 224 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_gsub
191: 0000000000008c50 181 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_getupvalue
192: 00000000000083e0 174 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_rawsetp
193: 0000000000007be0 88 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_pushlstring
194: 000000000001a720 71 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_pushresult
195: 000000000000adc0 54 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_sethook
196: 00000000000075e0 27 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_isstring
197: 0000000000019820 800 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_traceback
198: 000000000001a5f0 193 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_prepbuffsize
199: 000000000001a120 85 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_checkudata
200: 0000000000008ac0 9 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_error
201: 000000000001a950 83 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_unref
202: 000000000001e150 42 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaopen_debug
203: 000000000001b280 217 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_checkversion_
204: 000000000001caa0 42 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaopen_bit32
205: 0000000000007b50 25 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_pushnumber
206: 000000000001a780 146 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_addvalue
207: 000000000001a500 107 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_checkunsigned
208: 000000000001a6c0 46 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_addlstring
209: 0000000000007ab0 21 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_tothread
210: 000000000001cf50 42 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaopen_coroutine
211: 0000000000007620 87 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_rawequal
212: 00000000000074f0 33 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_pushvalue
213: 0000000000008130 105 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_getmetatable
214: 0000000000014720 683 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_newstate
215: 0000000000007b70 34 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_pushinteger
216: 0000000000023b40 79 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaopen_table
217: 0000000000007f90 79 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_getfield
218: 000000000001a570 57 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_optinteger
219: 0000000000019be0 234 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_error
220: 0000000000007930 47 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_toboolean
221: 0000000000007ea0 23 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_pushlightuserdata
222: 00000000000079e0 111 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_rawlen
223: 0000000000007230 162 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_checkstack
224: 0000000000007cf0 218 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_pushfstring
225: 0000000000008490 317 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_setmetatable
226: 0000000000007ad0 96 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_topointer
227: 0000000000007540 18 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_typename
228: 0000000000007960 128 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_tolstring
229: 000000000001a820 28 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_buffinit
230: 000000000001a770 10 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_pushresultsize
231: 000000000001af70 207 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_pushmodule
232: 000000000001b250 47 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_newstate
233: 000000000001a080 148 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_testudata
234: 0000000000007520 30 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_type
235: 000000000000ae80 199 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_getlocal
236: 000000000001a270 77 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_checklstring
237: 0000000000008bb0 31 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_len
238: 000000000000ae30 79 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_getstack
239: 000000000001ac90 50 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_loadstring
240: 00000000000081a0 64 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_getuservalue
241: 00000000000073c0 23 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_gettop
242: 0000000000007820 117 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_tointegerx
243: 0000000000024b50 568 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaopen_package
244: 000000000001a3d0 111 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_checknumber
似乎所有 未定义的引用 都存在于 /usr/lib/liblua5.2.so.5.2 中，我不知道如何从这里继续。
Other answers on SO 建议将 lua 的 #includes 放入 extern "C" 中，如下所示：
extern "C"{
#include <lua5.2/lualib.h>
#include <lua5.2/lauxlib.h>
#include <lua5.2/lua.h>
}
但我宁愿不更改给定的代码，甚至不知道如何找出哪些文件 lua 被 #included 。
最好我只想更改 make 命令 catkin_make -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=/usr/bin/python3 -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=14 以帮助 ld 正确 link 但我不知道这是否可能。我不太熟悉 make、cmake 或本例中的 catkin_make，无法确定是否可以在 [=] 中添加 linker 选项25=]命令。
Lua 可以编译为 C 和 C++ 语言。这是它的一个广告功能。出于这个原因，Lua 作者决定 不 将经典 extern "C" 包含在 headers.
中
你的 liblua5.2.so.5.2 库是用 C 语言编译的，符号没有被破坏。您在 C++ 模式下编译了您的应用程序，只包含 Lua headers 而没有 extern "C"，因此您的 Lua 包含的符号被破坏了。
解决方案：用 extern "C":
包裹你的包含
extern "C"
{
#include "lua.h"
}
另一种解决方案是将 Lua 5.2 重新编译为 C++ 语言（使用 GCC 和 Clang 的 -x c++ 编译器选项，或 MSVC 的 /TP 编译器选项）。
感谢 prapin 的回答，我让它工作了:)
我在 lua manual.
之后从源安装了 lua 5.2
代替 prapins 建议使用 -x c++ 编译器选项，我在 lua-5.2.0/src 的 makefile 中更改了以下内容：
已将 CC= gcc 更改为 CC= g++
将 -shared -fPIC 添加到 MYCFLAGS= 因为我需要 .so 文件。
我希望这可以帮助任何不想将包含包含在 extern "C"
中的人解决这个问题
我正在尝试从这个 git-repo for a university project and I'm stuck because ld does not seem to be able to link lua properly. I followed the install instructions 安装代码并使用以下代码编译代码：
catkin_make -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=/usr/bin/python3 -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=14
失败并显示几条消息，例如：
/usr/bin/ld: /home/felixk/catkin_ws/devel/lib/libflatland_lib.so: undefined reference to `lua_toboolean(lua_State*, int)'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/felixk/catkin_ws/devel/lib/libflatland_lib.so: undefined reference to `lua_tonumberx(lua_State*, int, int*)'
...
/usr/bin/ld: /home/felixk/catkin_ws/devel/lib/libflatland_lib.so: undefined reference to `lua_pushstring(lua_State*, char const*)'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/felixk/catkin_ws/devel/lib/libflatland_lib.so: undefined reference to `lua_isstring(lua_State*, int)'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
代码已经过测试并可在 Ubuntu 18.04 上运行，但我正试图让它在 Manjaro 上运行。手册指出 liblua5.2-dev 是必需的，我从 AUR 安装了 lua52，它似乎提供了正确的库。
ldd的输出是：
ldd /home/felixk/catkin_ws/devel/lib/libflatland_lib.so | grep lua
liblua5.2.so.5.2 => /usr/lib/liblua5.2.so.5.2 (0x00007f23fd51c000)
然后我检查了 /usr/lib/liblua5.2.so.5.2 是否存在并且确实存在。我尝试使用 readelf 检查 liblua5.2.so.5.2 是否包含 undefined references:
readelf -s /usr/lib/liblua5.2.so.5.2
Symbol table '.dynsym' contains 245 entries:
Num: Value Size Type Bind Vis Ndx Name
0: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPE LOCAL DEFAULT UND
1: 0000000000000000 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT UND __[...]@GLIBC_2.3 (2)
2: 0000000000000000 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT UND [...]@GLIBC_2.2.5 (3)
3: 0000000000000000 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT UND free@GLIBC_2.2.5 (3)
4: 0000000000000000 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT UND abort@GLIBC_2.2.5 (3)
5: 0000000000000000 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT UND [...]@GLIBC_2.2.5 (3)
6: 0000000000000000 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT UND ldexp@GLIBC_2.2.5 (4)
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96: 0000000000008640 32 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_getctx
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102: 000000000001b420 169 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_openlib
103: 0000000000007460 60 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_insert
104: 0000000000007580 83 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_isnumber
105: 00000000000149d0 231 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_newthread
106: 0000000000024d90 117 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_openlibs
107: 000000000001b360 183 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_setfuncs
108: 000000000001ae50 275 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_tolstring
109: 00000000000074a0 30 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_replace
110: 000000000001a840 38 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_buffinitsize
111: 0000000000008df0 72 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_upvalueid
112: 0000000000007ef0 108 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_getglobal
113: 00000000000209c0 42 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaopen_os
114: 000000000001a870 214 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_ref
115: 000000000000ae00 5 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_gethook
116: 0000000000007370 24 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_version
117: 0000000000008260 39 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_settable
118: 0000000000019b40 159 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_where
119: 000000000001a1f0 63 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_checktype
120: 000000000001a230 58 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_checkany
121: 0000000000019e90 132 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_fileresult
122: 000000000001a5b0 57 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_optunsigned
123: 0000000000008e40 92 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_upvaluejoin
124: 000000000001a050 33 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_setmetatable
125: 000000000001a9b0 656 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_loadfilex
126: 0000000000008c00 76 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_newuserdata
127: 0000000000007600 26 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_isuserdata
128: 000000000001a2c0 106 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_optlstring
129: 000000000001a6f0 44 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_addstring
130: 0000000000007390 34 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_absindex
131: 0000000000007c40 98 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_pushstring
132: 00000000000078a0 133 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_tounsignedx
133: 0000000000008660 135 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_callk
134: 0000000000007560 26 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_iscfunction
135: 000000000001ad60 85 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_callmeta
136: 000000000001c470 127 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaopen_base
137: 00000000000250e0 129 OBJECT GLOBAL DEFAULT 11 lua_ident
138: 0000000000008810 219 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_load
139: 000000000001acd0 139 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_getmetafield
140: 0000000000007fe0 44 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_rawget
141: 00000000000074c0 37 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_copy
142: 0000000000008290 94 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_setfield
143: 00000000000072e0 102 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_xmove
144: 000000000001f430 216 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaopen_io
145: 0000000000008d10 221 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_setupvalue
146: 0000000000019cd0 315 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_argerror
147: 00000000000080c0 102 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_createtable
148: 0000000000007350 22 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_atpanic
149: 0000000000008010 50 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_rawgeti
150: 000000000000c7a0 155 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_yieldk
151: 0000000000008b10 145 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_concat
152: 000000000001a330 157 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_checkoption
153: 0000000000008050 108 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_rawgetp
154: 0000000000008930 391 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_gc
155: 00000000000073e0 64 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_settop
156: 000000000001b040 127 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_getsubtable
157: 0000000000007dd0 175 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_pushcclosure
158: 000000000001ac40 72 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_loadbufferx
159: 0000000000008bf0 12 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_setallocf
160: 0000000000007b30 20 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_pushnil
161: 0000000000007a50 39 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_tocfunction
162: 000000000001a490 109 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_checkinteger
163: 0000000000019f20 175 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_execresult
164: 000000000000ae10 5 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_gethookmask
165: 00000000000082f0 126 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_rawset
166: 0000000000008920 5 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_status
167: 0000000000008ad0 50 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_next
168: 000000000001a180 105 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_checkstack
169: 00000000000081e0 119 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_setglobal
170: 000000000001a440 67 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_optnumber
171: 0000000000007420 55 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_remove
172: 000000000000af50 154 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_setlocal
173: 0000000000019fd0 122 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_newmetatable
174: 0000000000014b10 16 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_close
175: 000000000000ae20 4 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_gethookcount
176: 00000000000077a0 119 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_tonumberx
177: 0000000000007cb0 64 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_pushvfstring
178: 0000000000007710 143 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_compare
179: 0000000000007e80 29 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_pushboolean
180: 0000000000007f60 38 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_gettable
181: 000000000001ffa0 118 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaopen_math
182: 0000000000007ba0 53 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_pushunsigned
183: 000000000001b0c0 174 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_requiref
184: 000000000000c650 328 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_resume
185: 0000000000008370 110 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_rawseti
186: 00000000000088f0 41 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_dump
187: 000000000001adc0 130 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_len
188: 0000000000022f50 167 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaopen_string
189: 0000000000007ec0 40 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_pushthread
190: 000000000001b170 224 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_gsub
191: 0000000000008c50 181 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_getupvalue
192: 00000000000083e0 174 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_rawsetp
193: 0000000000007be0 88 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_pushlstring
194: 000000000001a720 71 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_pushresult
195: 000000000000adc0 54 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_sethook
196: 00000000000075e0 27 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_isstring
197: 0000000000019820 800 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_traceback
198: 000000000001a5f0 193 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_prepbuffsize
199: 000000000001a120 85 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_checkudata
200: 0000000000008ac0 9 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_error
201: 000000000001a950 83 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_unref
202: 000000000001e150 42 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaopen_debug
203: 000000000001b280 217 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_checkversion_
204: 000000000001caa0 42 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaopen_bit32
205: 0000000000007b50 25 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_pushnumber
206: 000000000001a780 146 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_addvalue
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213: 0000000000008130 105 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_getmetatable
214: 0000000000014720 683 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_newstate
215: 0000000000007b70 34 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_pushinteger
216: 0000000000023b40 79 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaopen_table
217: 0000000000007f90 79 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_getfield
218: 000000000001a570 57 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_optinteger
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237: 0000000000008bb0 31 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_len
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239: 000000000001ac90 50 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_loadstring
240: 00000000000081a0 64 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_getuservalue
241: 00000000000073c0 23 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_gettop
242: 0000000000007820 117 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 lua_tointegerx
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244: 000000000001a3d0 111 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 9 luaL_checknumber
似乎所有 未定义的引用 都存在于 /usr/lib/liblua5.2.so.5.2 中，我不知道如何从这里继续。
Other answers on SO 建议将 lua 的 #includes 放入 extern "C" 中，如下所示：
extern "C"{
#include <lua5.2/lualib.h>
#include <lua5.2/lauxlib.h>
#include <lua5.2/lua.h>
}
但我宁愿不更改给定的代码，甚至不知道如何找出哪些文件 lua 被 #included 。
最好我只想更改 make 命令 catkin_make -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=/usr/bin/python3 -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=14 以帮助 ld 正确 link 但我不知道这是否可能。我不太熟悉 make、cmake 或本例中的 catkin_make，无法确定是否可以在 [=] 中添加 linker 选项25=]命令。
Lua 可以编译为 C 和 C++ 语言。这是它的一个广告功能。出于这个原因，Lua 作者决定 不 将经典 extern "C" 包含在 headers.
你的 liblua5.2.so.5.2 库是用 C 语言编译的，符号没有被破坏。您在 C++ 模式下编译了您的应用程序，只包含 Lua headers 而没有 extern "C"，因此您的 Lua 包含的符号被破坏了。
解决方案：用 extern "C":
extern "C"
{
#include "lua.h"
}
另一种解决方案是将 Lua 5.2 重新编译为 C++ 语言（使用 GCC 和 Clang 的 -x c++ 编译器选项，或 MSVC 的 /TP 编译器选项）。
感谢 prapin 的回答，我让它工作了:)
我在 lua manual.
之后从源安装了 lua 5.2代替 prapins 建议使用 -x c++ 编译器选项，我在 lua-5.2.0/src 的 makefile 中更改了以下内容：
已将
CC= gcc更改为CC= g++将
-shared -fPIC添加到MYCFLAGS=因为我需要.so文件。
我希望这可以帮助任何不想将包含包含在 extern "C"