删除空 XML 元素 - Python

Remove Empty XML Elements - Python

我正在尝试从 XML 中删除空的 XML 元素,但遇到具有属性但没有文本值的元素的问题。我可以成功删除空 XML 元素,但无法保留最终 XML 中具有属性的元素。我想从根本上清理 XML 并完全删除没有文本值的空节点,但保留具有属性的节点。

下面是我正在使用的脚本,以及输入和(期望的)输出 XMLs ....非常感谢任何帮助!

脚本:

from lxml import etree
import os

path = "C:\users\mdl518\Desktop\"

### Removing empty XML elements
tree = etree.parse(os.path.join(path,"my_file.xml"))

for elem in tree.xpath('//*[not(node())]'):
   elem.getparent().remove(elem):

with open(".//new_file.xml","wb") as f:
    f.write(etree.tostring(tree, xml_declaration=True, encoding='utf-8')) ## Removes empty XML elements, including the elements with attributes

输入XML:

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<nas:metadata xmlns:nas="http://www.arcgis.com/schema/nas/base"   
xmlns:mcc="http://standards.org/iso/19115/-3/mcc/1.0"    
xmlns:mdl="http://standards.org/iso/19115/-3/mdl/1.0" 
xmlns:mnl="http://standards.org/iso/19115/-3/mnl/1.0">
xmlns:lan="http://standards.org/iso/19115/-3/lan/1.0">
xmlns:lis="http://standards.org/iso/19115/-3/lis/1.0">
xmlns:gam="http://standards.org/iso/19115/-3/gam/1.0">

  <mdl:metadataIdentifier>
    <mcc:MD_Identifier>
        <mnl:type>
          <gam:String>The Metadata File</gam:String>
        </mnl:type>
          <mnl:description codeList="http://arcgis.com/codelist/ScopeCode" codeListValue="dataset"/>
         <mnl:address>
          <mnl:defaultLocale>
          </mnl:defaultLocale>
         </mnl:address>
         <lan:language>
           <lan:type>
             <lis:name>English</lis:name>
           </lan:type>
          </lan:language>
      </mcc:MD_Identifier>
      <mcc:contactInfo>
        <mdl:POC>
          <mnl:name>
            <lis:person>Tom</lis:person>
          </mnl:name>
          <mnl:age>
          </mnl:age>
          <mnl:status>
          </mnl:status>
        </mdl:POC>
      </mcc:contactInfo>
    </mdl:metadataIdentifier>
 </nas:metadata>

输出XML:

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<nas:metadata xmlns:nas="http://www.arcgis.com/schema/nas/base"   
xmlns:mcc="http://standards.org/iso/19115/-3/mcc/1.0"    
xmlns:mdl="http://standards.org/iso/19115/-3/mdl/1.0" 
xmlns:mnl="http://standards.org/iso/19115/-3/mnl/1.0">
xmlns:lan="http://standards.org/iso/19115/-3/lan/1.0">
xmlns:lis="http://standards.org/iso/19115/-3/lis/1.0">
xmlns:gam="http://standards.org/iso/19115/-3/gam/1.0">

  <mdl:metadataIdentifier>
    <mcc:MD_Identifier>
        <mnl:type>
          <gam:String>The Metadata File</gam:String>
        </mnl:type>
        <mnl:description codeList="http://arcgis.com/codelist/ScopeCode" codeListValue="dataset"/>
      <lan:language>
        <lan:type>
          <lis:name>English</lis:name>
        </lan:type>
       </lan:language>
     </mcc:MD_Identifier>
     <mcc:contactInfo>
       <mdl:POC>
         <mnl:name>
           <lis:person>Tom</lis:person>
         </mnl:name>
       </mdl:POC>
     </mcc:contactInfo>
   </mdl:metadataIdentifier>
 </nas:metadata>

xml 是您的问题格式不正确,但假设问题已解决,请尝试更改此行

for elem in tree.xpath('//*[not(node())]'):

对此:

for elem in tree.xpath('//*[not(node())][not(count(./@*))>0]'):

看看它是否有效。

编辑:

问题中编辑后的 ​​XML 仍然格式不正确。我尝试修复它,然后应用了以下内容:

xml_str = """<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<nas:metadata xmlns:nas="http://www.arcgis.com/schema/nas/base"   
xmlns:mcc="http://standards.org/iso/19115/-3/mcc/1.0"    
xmlns:mdl="http://standards.org/iso/19115/-3/mdl/1.0" 
xmlns:mnl="http://standards.org/iso/19115/-3/mnl/1.0"
xmlns:lan="http://standards.org/iso/19115/-3/lan/1.0"
xmlns:lis="http://standards.org/iso/19115/-3/lis/1.0"
xmlns:gam="http://standards.org/iso/19115/-3/gam/1.0">

  <mdl:metadataIdentifier>
    <mcc:MD_Identifier>
        <mnl:type>
          <gam:String>The Metadata File</gam:String>
        </mnl:type>
          <mnl:description codeList="http://arcgis.com/codelist/ScopeCode" codeListValue="dataset"/>
         <mnl:address>
          <mnl:defaultLocale>
          </mnl:defaultLocale>
         </mnl:address>
         <lan:language>
           <lan:type>
             <lis:name>English</lis:name>
           </lan:type>
          </lan:language>
      </mcc:MD_Identifier>
      <mcc:contactInfo>
        <mdl:POC>
          <mnl:name>
            <lis:person>Tom</lis:person>
          </mnl:name>
          <mnl:age>
          </mnl:age>
          <mnl:status>
          </mnl:status>
        </mdl:POC>
      </mcc:contactInfo>
    </mdl:metadataIdentifier>
 </nas:metadata>

"""
doc = etree.XML(xml_str.encode())
for elem in doc.xpath('//*[not(count(./@*))>0][not(normalize-space(.))]'):
    elem.getparent().remove(elem)
print(etree.tostring(doc, xml_declaration=True, encoding='utf-8').decode())

我从上面得到的输出是问题中想要的输出。