使用 Python 在 Windows 中设置代理设置(使用 InternetSetOption)
Setting proxy settings in Windows with Python (using InternetSetOption)
我写了一个小脚本,需要能够使用 Python 启用和禁用代理设置。现在我编辑注册表以实现此目的,但它似乎不适用于 windows 的所有版本,因此我更愿意使用 InternetSetOption。关于 API 的信息真的很少,大多数例子都是用 C 写的,我不知道:
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/226473
它可能看起来有点像这样(这个片段实际上是为了刷新浏览器代理设置):
import ctypes
INTERNET_OPTION_REFRESH = 37
INTERNET_OPTION_SETTINGS_CHANGED = 39
internet_set_option = ctypes.windll.Wininet.InternetSetOptionW
internet_set_option(0, 38, 0, 0)
internet_set_option(0, INTERNET_OPTION_REFRESH, 0, 0)
internet_set_option(0, INTERNET_OPTION_SETTINGS_CHANGED, 0, 0)
我实际上是通过大量试验和错误自己弄明白了这一点。工作示例:
from ctypes import *
from ctypes.wintypes import *
LPWSTR = POINTER(WCHAR)
HINTERNET = LPVOID
INTERNET_PER_CONN_PROXY_SERVER = 2
INTERNET_OPTION_REFRESH = 37
INTERNET_OPTION_SETTINGS_CHANGED = 39
INTERNET_OPTION_PER_CONNECTION_OPTION = 75
INTERNET_PER_CONN_PROXY_BYPASS = 3
INTERNET_PER_CONN_FLAGS = 1
class INTERNET_PER_CONN_OPTION(Structure):
class Value(Union):
_fields_ = [
('dwValue', DWORD),
('pszValue', LPWSTR),
('ftValue', FILETIME),
]
_fields_ = [
('dwOption', DWORD),
('Value', Value),
]
class INTERNET_PER_CONN_OPTION_LIST(Structure):
_fields_ = [
('dwSize', DWORD),
('pszConnection', LPWSTR),
('dwOptionCount', DWORD),
('dwOptionError', DWORD),
('pOptions', POINTER(INTERNET_PER_CONN_OPTION)),
]
def set_proxy_settings(ip, port, on=True):
if on:
setting = create_unicode_buffer(ip+":"+str(port))
else:
setting = None
InternetSetOption = windll.wininet.InternetSetOptionW
InternetSetOption.argtypes = [HINTERNET, DWORD, LPVOID, DWORD]
InternetSetOption.restype = BOOL
List = INTERNET_PER_CONN_OPTION_LIST()
Option = (INTERNET_PER_CONN_OPTION * 3)()
nSize = c_ulong(sizeof(INTERNET_PER_CONN_OPTION_LIST))
Option[0].dwOption = INTERNET_PER_CONN_FLAGS
Option[0].Value.dwValue = (2 if on else 1) # PROXY_TYPE_DIRECT Or
Option[1].dwOption = INTERNET_PER_CONN_PROXY_SERVER
Option[1].Value.pszValue = setting
Option[2].dwOption = INTERNET_PER_CONN_PROXY_BYPASS
Option[2].Value.pszValue = create_unicode_buffer("localhost;127.*;10.*;172.16.*;172.17.*;172.18.*;172.19.*;172.20.*;172.21.*;172.22.*;172.23.*;172.24.*;172.25.*;172.26.*;172.27.*;172.28.*;172.29.*;172.30.*;172.31.*;172.32.*;192.168.*")
List.dwSize = sizeof(INTERNET_PER_CONN_OPTION_LIST)
List.pszConnection = None
List.dwOptionCount = 3
List.dwOptionError = 0
List.pOptions = Option
InternetSetOption(None, INTERNET_OPTION_PER_CONNECTION_OPTION, byref(List), nSize)
InternetSetOption(None, INTERNET_OPTION_SETTINGS_CHANGED, None, 0)
InternetSetOption(None, INTERNET_OPTION_REFRESH, None, 0)
set_proxy_settings("127.0.0.1", 52042)
我写了一个小脚本,需要能够使用 Python 启用和禁用代理设置。现在我编辑注册表以实现此目的,但它似乎不适用于 windows 的所有版本,因此我更愿意使用 InternetSetOption。关于 API 的信息真的很少,大多数例子都是用 C 写的,我不知道: https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/226473
它可能看起来有点像这样(这个片段实际上是为了刷新浏览器代理设置):
import ctypes
INTERNET_OPTION_REFRESH = 37
INTERNET_OPTION_SETTINGS_CHANGED = 39
internet_set_option = ctypes.windll.Wininet.InternetSetOptionW
internet_set_option(0, 38, 0, 0)
internet_set_option(0, INTERNET_OPTION_REFRESH, 0, 0)
internet_set_option(0, INTERNET_OPTION_SETTINGS_CHANGED, 0, 0)
我实际上是通过大量试验和错误自己弄明白了这一点。工作示例:
from ctypes import *
from ctypes.wintypes import *
LPWSTR = POINTER(WCHAR)
HINTERNET = LPVOID
INTERNET_PER_CONN_PROXY_SERVER = 2
INTERNET_OPTION_REFRESH = 37
INTERNET_OPTION_SETTINGS_CHANGED = 39
INTERNET_OPTION_PER_CONNECTION_OPTION = 75
INTERNET_PER_CONN_PROXY_BYPASS = 3
INTERNET_PER_CONN_FLAGS = 1
class INTERNET_PER_CONN_OPTION(Structure):
class Value(Union):
_fields_ = [
('dwValue', DWORD),
('pszValue', LPWSTR),
('ftValue', FILETIME),
]
_fields_ = [
('dwOption', DWORD),
('Value', Value),
]
class INTERNET_PER_CONN_OPTION_LIST(Structure):
_fields_ = [
('dwSize', DWORD),
('pszConnection', LPWSTR),
('dwOptionCount', DWORD),
('dwOptionError', DWORD),
('pOptions', POINTER(INTERNET_PER_CONN_OPTION)),
]
def set_proxy_settings(ip, port, on=True):
if on:
setting = create_unicode_buffer(ip+":"+str(port))
else:
setting = None
InternetSetOption = windll.wininet.InternetSetOptionW
InternetSetOption.argtypes = [HINTERNET, DWORD, LPVOID, DWORD]
InternetSetOption.restype = BOOL
List = INTERNET_PER_CONN_OPTION_LIST()
Option = (INTERNET_PER_CONN_OPTION * 3)()
nSize = c_ulong(sizeof(INTERNET_PER_CONN_OPTION_LIST))
Option[0].dwOption = INTERNET_PER_CONN_FLAGS
Option[0].Value.dwValue = (2 if on else 1) # PROXY_TYPE_DIRECT Or
Option[1].dwOption = INTERNET_PER_CONN_PROXY_SERVER
Option[1].Value.pszValue = setting
Option[2].dwOption = INTERNET_PER_CONN_PROXY_BYPASS
Option[2].Value.pszValue = create_unicode_buffer("localhost;127.*;10.*;172.16.*;172.17.*;172.18.*;172.19.*;172.20.*;172.21.*;172.22.*;172.23.*;172.24.*;172.25.*;172.26.*;172.27.*;172.28.*;172.29.*;172.30.*;172.31.*;172.32.*;192.168.*")
List.dwSize = sizeof(INTERNET_PER_CONN_OPTION_LIST)
List.pszConnection = None
List.dwOptionCount = 3
List.dwOptionError = 0
List.pOptions = Option
InternetSetOption(None, INTERNET_OPTION_PER_CONNECTION_OPTION, byref(List), nSize)
InternetSetOption(None, INTERNET_OPTION_SETTINGS_CHANGED, None, 0)
InternetSetOption(None, INTERNET_OPTION_REFRESH, None, 0)
set_proxy_settings("127.0.0.1", 52042)