当出现在欢迎文件列表中的 运行 servlet 时,为什么 url 没有改变

Why doesn`t url change when running servlet that presents in welcome-file-list

我有一个简单的 servlet,可以打印一些内容来响应

@WebServlet(name = "helloServlet", value = "/hello-servlet" , s )
public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
    private String message;

    public void init() {
        message = "Hello World!";
    }

    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html");

        // Hello
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        out.println("<html><body>");
        out.println("<h1>" + message + "</h1>");
        out.println("</body></html>");
    }

    public void destroy() {
    }
}

web.xml 的样子:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>hello-servlet</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

问题是 url 在重定向到欢迎文件列表中的 servlet 时没有改变
我的 url : http://localhost:8080/testsss_war_exploded/
但应该是:http://localhost:8080/testsss_war_exploded/hello-servlet

这就是欢迎资源的工作方式:

The container may send the request to the welcome resource with a forward, a redirect, or a container specific mechanism that is indistinguishable from a direct request.

(Servlet 5.0 Specification)

Tomcat 在内部重定向请求。如果你想发送 HTTP 重定向,你需要自己做。您可以查看原始 URI 以查看请求是否通过欢迎文件机制转发:

@WebServlet(name = "helloServlet", urlPatterns = {"/hello-servlet"})
public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {

   @Override
   protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
      if (req.getRequestURI().endsWith("/")) {
         resp.sendRedirect("hello-servlet");
         return;
      }
}

另一种解决方案是放弃欢迎文件机制并将您的 servlet 显式绑定到应用程序根目录:

@WebServlet(name = "helloServlet", urlPatterns = {"", "/hello-servlet"})
public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {

   @Override
   protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
      if (req.getServletPath().isEmpty()) {
         resp.sendRedirect("hello-servlet");
         return;
      }
}