Django REST Framework (DRF)：将当前用户 ID 设置为字段值

Question

我有模型 NewsModel 和 2 个序列化器：

models.py

class NewsModel(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField('Заголовок', max_length=255, help_text='Максимальная длина - 255 символов')
    announce = models.TextField('Анонс', help_text='Краткий анонс новости')
    author = models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, help_text='Автор новости', related_name='news')
    full_text = models.TextField('Полный текст новости', help_text='Полный текст новости')
    pub_date = models.DateTimeField('Дата публикации', auto_now_add=True, default=timezone.now, help_text='Дата публикации')

    def comments_count(self):
        return NewsComment.objects.filter(news=self.id).count()

    def get_author_full_name(self):
        return self.author.get_full_name()

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'news'
        ordering = ('-pub_date',)

serilizers.py:

from rest_framework import serializers
from .models import NewsModel
from extuser.serializers import UserMiniSerializer

class NewsReadSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    author = UserMiniSerializer()

    class Meta:
        model = NewsModel
        fields = ('id', 'title', 'announce', 'comments_count', 'reviews', 'author_name')

    def get_author_full_name(self, obj):
        return obj.get_author_full_name()


class NewsWriteSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    def validate_author(self, value):
        value = self.request.user.id
        return value

    class Meta:
        model = NewsModel

I select 序列化程序在 api.py:

class NewsList(ListCreateAPIView):
    queryset = NewsModel.objects.order_by('-pub_date')
    def get_serializer_class(self, *args, **kwargs):
        if self.request.method == 'GET':
            return NewsReadSerializer
        return NewsWriteSerializer

    class Meta:
        model = NewsModel

但是当我创建 NewsModel 项目时，我看到 错误 400：错误请求 [{'author': 'This field is required'}]

如何在创建新项目时将当前用户 ID 设置为 NewsItem.author 值？

Answer 1

我认为您没有正确使用序列化程序。设置请求相关数据的更好做法是在您的视图中覆盖 perform_create：

def perform_create(self, serializer):
    serializer.save(author=self.request.user)

def perform_update(self, serializer):
    serializer.save(author=self.request.user)

然后将您的作者序列化程序设置为只读：

author = UserMiniSerializer(read_only=True)

这样您就可以简单地使用一个 NewsSerializer 进行读取和写入操作。

Answer 2

在 DRF 版本中，前 3 个字段必须是 allow_null=True 且默认值=None 的声明符。 DRF 不会运行检查没有此参数的字段。结果代码：

class NewsReadSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    """
    Serializer only for reading.

    author field serialized with other custom serializer
    """

    author = UserMiniSerializer()

    class Meta:
        model = NewsModel
        fields = ('id', 'title', 'announce', 'comments_count', 'reviews', 'author', 'pub_date',)


class NewsWriteSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    """
    Serializer for creating and updating records.

    author here is the instance of PrimaryKeyRelatedField, linked to all users
    """

    author = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(
        queryset=User.objects.all(), # Or User.objects.filter(active=True)
        required=False, 
        allow_null=True, 
        default=None
    )

    # Get the current user from request context
    def validate_author(self, value):
        return self.context['request'].user

    class Meta:
        model = NewsModel      
        fields = ('title', 'announce', 'full_text', 'author',)

Answer 3

我会尝试这样的事情：

你的models.py

class NewsModel(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(
        'Заголовок', max_length=255,
        help_text='Максимальная длина - 255 символов')
    announce = models.TextField('Анонс',
        help_text='Краткий анонс новости')
    author = models.ForeignKey(
        settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL,
        help_text='Автор новости', related_name='news')
    full_text = models.TextField(
        'Полный текст новости',
        help_text='Полный текст новости')
    pub_date = models.DateTimeField(
        'Дата публикации', auto_now_add=True,
        default=timezone.now, help_text='Дата публикации')

def comments_count(self):
    return NewsComment.objects.filter(news=self.id).count()

def get_author_full_name(self):
    return self.author.get_full_name()

class Meta:
    db_table = 'news'
    ordering = ('-pub_date',)

serializers.py

（参考：http://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/validators/#currentuserdefault）

from <yourapp>.models import NewsModel
from rest_framework import serializers


class NewsModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    author = serializers.HiddenField(default=serializers.CurrentUserDefault())
    class Meta:
        model = NewsModel

您还应该将 settings.py 设置为如下所示：

REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': (
        'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticated',)
}

Answer 4

在新的 DRF 中你可以写

owner = serializers.HiddenField(
    default=serializers.CurrentUserDefault()
)

见http://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/validators/#currentuserdefault

Django REST Framework (DRF)：将当前用户 ID 设置为字段值

Django REST Framework (DRF): Set current user id as field value

django

django-rest-framework