Arch Linux Installation: ERROR: Root device mounted successfully, but /sbin/init does not exist
Arch Linux Installation: ERROR: Root device mounted successfully, but /sbin/init does not exist
我是 linux 的新手，但我决定直接使用 arch-linux 来熟悉一切。
不幸的是，我什至无法完成安装 - 我真可耻。
设置 arch up 后启动时的错误是：
ERROR: Root device mounted successfully, but /sbin/init does not exist.
Bailing out, you are on your own. Good luck.
我在 lvm 的 luks 上使用 btrfs
布局看起来像这样
sda
|- sda1 512MB fat32 /boot
`- sda2 remaining lvm
|- cryptswap 4GB swap
|- crypttmp 2GB tmp /tmp
`- cryptroot remaining btrfs
|- @ /
|- @home /home
|- @snapshots /.snapshots
|- @log /var/log
|- @cache /var/cache
`- @tmp /var/tmp
这些是我用来设置 arch 的命令和配置：
dd status=progress if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda
擦除磁盘
gdisk /dev/sda
o 清除 gpt table
引导分区
n
↵
↵
+512M
ef00
lvm 分区
n
↵
↵
↵
8e00
w 写入分区更改
设置 lvm
pvcreate /dev/sda2
vgcreate vg1 /dev/sda2
lvcreate -L 4G -n cryptswap vg1
lvcreate -L 2G -n crypttmp vg1
lvcreate -l 100%FREE cryptroot vg1
设置加密
cryptsetup luksFormat /dev/vg1/cryptroot
cryptsetup open /dev/vg1/cryptroot root
制作文件系统
mkfs.fat -F32 -n BOOT /dev/sda1
mkfs.btrfs --label ROOT /dev/mapper/root
创建 btrfs 子卷
mount /dev/mapper/root /mnt
cd /mnt
btrfs subvolume create @
btrfs subvolume create @home
btrfs subvolume create @snapshots
btrfs subvolume create @log
btrfs subvolume create @cache
btrfs subvolume create @tmp
cd ..
umount /mnt
挂载 btrfs 子卷和 BOOT 分区
mount -o noatime,compress=lzo,space_cache=v2,discard=async,subvol=@ /dev/mapper/root /mnt
mkdir /mnt/home
mount -o noatime,compress=lzo,space_cache=v2,discard=async,subvol=@home /dev/mapper/root /mnt/home
mkdir /mnt/.snapshots
mount -o noatime,compress=lzo,space_cache=v2,discard=async,subvol=@snapshots /dev/mapper/root /mnt/.snapshots
mkdir /mnt/var
mkdir /mnt/var/log
mount -o noatime,compress=lzo,space_cache=v2,discard=async,subvol=@log /dev/mapper/root /mnt/var/log
mkdir /mnt/var/cache
mount -o noatime,compress=lzo,space_cache=v2,discard=async,subvol=@cache /dev/mapper/root /mnt/var/cache
mkdir /mnt/var/tmp
mount -o noatime,compress=lzo,space_cache=v2,discard=async,subvol=@tmp /dev/mapper/root /mnt/var/tmp
mkdir /mnt/boot
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot
pacstrap /mnt base linux linux-firmware lvm2 btrfs-progs amd-ucode vim 安装必需品
genfstab -L /mnt > mnt/etc/fstab 生成 fstab
arch-chroot /mnt
基本配置
ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Berlin /etc/localtime
hwclock --systohc
vim /etc/locale.gen
locale-gen
echo "LANG=en_US.UTF-8" >> /etc/locale.conf
echo "KEYMAP=de-latin1" >> /etc/vconsole.conf
echo "devstation" >> /etc/hostname
vim /etc/hosts
vim /etc/mkinitcpio.conf
mkinitcpio.conf内容：
MODULES=(btrfs)
HOOKS=(base udev autodetect keyboard keymap consolefont modconf block lvm2 encrypt filesystems fsck)
mkinitcpio -p linux
bootctl install
echo "default arch" > /boot/loader/loader.conf
vim /boot/loader/entries/arch.conf
arch.conf内容
title Arch Linux
linux /vmlinuz-linux
initrd /initramfs-linux.img
options cryptdevice=UUID={/dev/vg1/cryptroot uuid inserted here}:root root=/dev/mapper/root rw
exit
umount -a
poweroff
从计算机中取出 arch 安装介质并启动它。
开机输出
:: running early hook [udev]
Starting version 248.3-2-arch
:: running hook [udev]
:: Triggering uevents...
:: running hook [keymap]
:: Loading keymap...done.
:: running hook [encrypt]
A password is requires to acces the root volume:
Enter passphrase for /dev/mapper/vg1-cryptroot: {inserting passphrase}
:: performing fsck on '/dev/mapper/root'
:: mounting '/dev/mapper/root' on real root
:: running cleanup hook [udev]
ERROR: Root device mounted successfully, but /sbin/init does not exist.
Bailing out, you are on your own. Good luck.
sh: can't access tty; job control turned off
[rootfs ]#
显然我还没有设置 cryptswap 和 crypttmp。这些将使用 crypttab 和 fstab 进行设置。我只是提到这一点，并且高度怀疑这是问题的一部分，因为它们只是目前无法识别的分区，不是吗。
我希望我没有遗漏我执行的任何命令或配置 - 我正在输入我观看的视频并从头开始，因为我发现没有一个视频具有我使用的 btrfs、luks、lvm 配置。感谢您 time/help 并通读本文。
像这样将 rootflags=subvol=@ 添加到 /boot/loader/entries/arch.conf
title Arch Linux
linux /vmlinuz-linux
initrd /initramfs-linux.img
options cryptdevice=UUID={/dev/vg1/cryptroot uuid inserted here}:root root=/dev/mapper/root rootflags=subvol=@ rw
成功了。
我是 linux 的新手，但我决定直接使用 arch-linux 来熟悉一切。 不幸的是，我什至无法完成安装 - 我真可耻。
设置 arch up 后启动时的错误是：
ERROR: Root device mounted successfully, but /sbin/init does not exist.
Bailing out, you are on your own. Good luck.
我在 lvm 的 luks 上使用 btrfs
布局看起来像这样
sda
|- sda1 512MB fat32 /boot
`- sda2 remaining lvm
|- cryptswap 4GB swap
|- crypttmp 2GB tmp /tmp
`- cryptroot remaining btrfs
|- @ /
|- @home /home
|- @snapshots /.snapshots
|- @log /var/log
|- @cache /var/cache
`- @tmp /var/tmp
这些是我用来设置 arch 的命令和配置：
dd status=progress if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda
擦除磁盘
gdisk /dev/sda
o 清除 gpt table
引导分区
n
↵
↵
+512M
ef00
lvm 分区
n
↵
↵
↵
8e00
w 写入分区更改
设置 lvm
pvcreate /dev/sda2
vgcreate vg1 /dev/sda2
lvcreate -L 4G -n cryptswap vg1
lvcreate -L 2G -n crypttmp vg1
lvcreate -l 100%FREE cryptroot vg1
设置加密
cryptsetup luksFormat /dev/vg1/cryptroot
cryptsetup open /dev/vg1/cryptroot root
制作文件系统
mkfs.fat -F32 -n BOOT /dev/sda1
mkfs.btrfs --label ROOT /dev/mapper/root
创建 btrfs 子卷
mount /dev/mapper/root /mnt
cd /mnt
btrfs subvolume create @
btrfs subvolume create @home
btrfs subvolume create @snapshots
btrfs subvolume create @log
btrfs subvolume create @cache
btrfs subvolume create @tmp
cd ..
umount /mnt
挂载 btrfs 子卷和 BOOT 分区
mount -o noatime,compress=lzo,space_cache=v2,discard=async,subvol=@ /dev/mapper/root /mnt
mkdir /mnt/home
mount -o noatime,compress=lzo,space_cache=v2,discard=async,subvol=@home /dev/mapper/root /mnt/home
mkdir /mnt/.snapshots
mount -o noatime,compress=lzo,space_cache=v2,discard=async,subvol=@snapshots /dev/mapper/root /mnt/.snapshots
mkdir /mnt/var
mkdir /mnt/var/log
mount -o noatime,compress=lzo,space_cache=v2,discard=async,subvol=@log /dev/mapper/root /mnt/var/log
mkdir /mnt/var/cache
mount -o noatime,compress=lzo,space_cache=v2,discard=async,subvol=@cache /dev/mapper/root /mnt/var/cache
mkdir /mnt/var/tmp
mount -o noatime,compress=lzo,space_cache=v2,discard=async,subvol=@tmp /dev/mapper/root /mnt/var/tmp
mkdir /mnt/boot
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot
pacstrap /mnt base linux linux-firmware lvm2 btrfs-progs amd-ucode vim 安装必需品
genfstab -L /mnt > mnt/etc/fstab 生成 fstab
arch-chroot /mnt
基本配置
ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Berlin /etc/localtime
hwclock --systohc
vim /etc/locale.gen
locale-gen
echo "LANG=en_US.UTF-8" >> /etc/locale.conf
echo "KEYMAP=de-latin1" >> /etc/vconsole.conf
echo "devstation" >> /etc/hostname
vim /etc/hosts
vim /etc/mkinitcpio.conf
mkinitcpio.conf内容：
MODULES=(btrfs)
HOOKS=(base udev autodetect keyboard keymap consolefont modconf block lvm2 encrypt filesystems fsck)
mkinitcpio -p linux
bootctl install
echo "default arch" > /boot/loader/loader.conf
vim /boot/loader/entries/arch.conf
arch.conf内容
title Arch Linux
linux /vmlinuz-linux
initrd /initramfs-linux.img
options cryptdevice=UUID={/dev/vg1/cryptroot uuid inserted here}:root root=/dev/mapper/root rw
exit
umount -a
poweroff
从计算机中取出 arch 安装介质并启动它。
开机输出
:: running early hook [udev]
Starting version 248.3-2-arch
:: running hook [udev]
:: Triggering uevents...
:: running hook [keymap]
:: Loading keymap...done.
:: running hook [encrypt]
A password is requires to acces the root volume:
Enter passphrase for /dev/mapper/vg1-cryptroot: {inserting passphrase}
:: performing fsck on '/dev/mapper/root'
:: mounting '/dev/mapper/root' on real root
:: running cleanup hook [udev]
ERROR: Root device mounted successfully, but /sbin/init does not exist.
Bailing out, you are on your own. Good luck.
sh: can't access tty; job control turned off
[rootfs ]#
显然我还没有设置 cryptswap 和 crypttmp。这些将使用 crypttab 和 fstab 进行设置。我只是提到这一点，并且高度怀疑这是问题的一部分，因为它们只是目前无法识别的分区，不是吗。
我希望我没有遗漏我执行的任何命令或配置 - 我正在输入我观看的视频并从头开始，因为我发现没有一个视频具有我使用的 btrfs、luks、lvm 配置。感谢您 time/help 并通读本文。
像这样将 rootflags=subvol=@ 添加到 /boot/loader/entries/arch.conf
title Arch Linux
linux /vmlinuz-linux
initrd /initramfs-linux.img
options cryptdevice=UUID={/dev/vg1/cryptroot uuid inserted here}:root root=/dev/mapper/root rootflags=subvol=@ rw
成功了。