Typescript 除 X 以外的任何数字

Typescript any number except X

TLDR:

这种类型在 TS 中是否可行? Exclude<number, 200 | 400>(“200 或 400 以外的任何数字”)

我有以下用例。我有一个通用的响应类型:

type HttpResponse<Body = any, StatusCode = number> = {
  body: Body
  statusCode: StatusCode
}

我想使用状态码作为鉴别器:

// Succes
type SuccessResponse = HttpResponse<SomeType, 200>
// Known error
type ClientErrorResponse = HttpResponse<ClientError, 400>
// Anything else, generic error, issue is with the status code here.
type OtherErrorResponse = HttpResponse<GenericError, Exclude<number, 200 | 400>>

// The response type is a union of the above
type MyResponse = SuccessResponse | ClientErrorResponse | OtherErrorResponse 

当我使用 MyResponse 类型时,我想使用状态码作为鉴别符,例如:

const response: MyResponse = ...

if(response.statusCode === 200) {
  // response is inferred as SuccessResponse => body is inferred as SomeType
} else if(response.statusCode === 400) {
  // response is inferred as ClientErrorResponse => body is inferred as ClientError
} else {
  // response is inferred as OtherErrorResponse => body is inferred as GenericError
}

然而,它并不是这样工作的,因为 Exclude<number, 200 | 400>number 是一样的。我该如何解决这个问题?打字稿可以使用 "any number except 200 or 400" 类型吗?还有其他创造性的解决方案吗?

目前无法做到。

参见:https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/issues/15480


Exclude<number, 200 | 400> 不起作用,因为打字稿只跟踪 的内容,而从不跟踪 不是 的内容。为了从无限系列中排除某些值,打字稿必须生成一个包含每个可能值的联合,除了您希望排除的值。这将是无限长度的并集(因为无限减 2 等于无限)


也就是说,http 状态代码列表实际上是有限的。所以最好的方法可能是创建所有 possible 值的并集并使用它:

type HTTPStatusCode = 100 | 101 | 102 | 103 | 200 | 201 | 202 | ...

现在应该可以正常工作了:

Exclude<HTTPStatusCode, 200 | 400>