OperationalError: no such table: django_content_type and django_session

Question

我无法访问我的应用程序，当我输入 URL 时，出现错误

OperationalError: no such table: django_session

这通常意味着我需要迁移或删除我的 sqlite 数据库并重做迁移，所以我做了多次。我删除了迁移文件夹中的所有内容以及 sqlite3.db 和运行:

python manage.py makemigrations app_name
python manage.py migrate app_name

还没有错误。然后在创建超级用户后我运行:

python manage.py runserver

它告诉我有 18 个迁移尚未完成，我可以通过以下方式修复：

python manage.py migrate --fake

我尝试了该站点，但我再次遇到了这样的 table: django_session 错误。

我读了这个帖子 Django: no such table: django_session 并尝试了其中的所有内容，包括已批准的解决方案，同样的错误。

此外，当我再次尝试运行迁移命令时，出现此错误

OperationalError: no such table: django_content_type

所以我去了这个帖子 sqlite3.OperationalError: no such table: django_content_type

再一次，对他们有用的解决方案对我不起作用。

迁移到 MySQL 后出现了这个问题，我尝试使用 .env 文件切换数据库，但是运行遇到了这些问题，所以我尝试切换回 sqlite 这样我就可以至少在项目上工作。该团队正在迁移到 MySQL，并且我们有人成功地使用了这两个数据库，所以这应该不是数据库问题。

这是我的 settings.py 文件：

import os
from pathlib import Path
from django.contrib.messages import constants as message_constants

# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/deployment/checklist/

SECRET_KEY = os.environ.get("DJ_SECRET_KEY", default="Testing")
DEBUG = os.environ.get("DJ_DEBUG", default=True)
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ["redonkulator.apps.dev.mach9.usmc.mil", "localhost", "127.0.0.1"]

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    "django.contrib.admin",
    "django.contrib.auth",
    "django.contrib.contenttypes",
    "django.contrib.sessions",
    "django.contrib.messages",
    "django.contrib.staticfiles",
    "redonkulator_app.apps.RedonkulatorAppConfig",
    "jquery",
    "debug_toolbar",
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    "django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware",
    "django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware",
    "django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware",
    "django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware",
    "debug_toolbar.middleware.DebugToolbarMiddleware",
    "django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware",
    "django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware",
    "django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware",
    "django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware",
]

ROOT_URLCONF = "iiimef_project.urls"

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        "BACKEND": "django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates",
        "DIRS": ["templates"],
        "APP_DIRS": True,
        "OPTIONS": {
            "context_processors": [
                "django.template.context_processors.debug",
                "django.template.context_processors.request",
                "django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth",
                "django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages",
            ],
        },
    },
]

AUTH_USER_MODEL = "redonkulator_app.MlptUsers"

WSGI_APPLICATION = "iiimef_project.wsgi.application"

# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    "default": {
        "ENGINE": os.environ.get("SQL_ENGINE", "django.db.backends.sqlite3"),
        "NAME": os.environ.get(
            "SQL_DATABASE",
            os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "db.sqlite3"),
        ),
        "USER": os.environ.get("SQL_USER", "user"),
        "PASSWORD": os.environ.get("SQL_PASSWORD", "password"),
        "HOST": os.environ.get("SQL_HOST", "localhost"),
        "PORT": os.environ.get("SQL_PORT", "5432"),
    }
}

# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator",
    },
    {
        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator",
    },
    {
        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator",
    },
    {
        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator",
    },
]

# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = "en-us"

TIME_ZONE = "UTC"

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = "/static/"
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static")

# Default primary key field type
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#default-auto-field

DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = "django.db.models.BigAutoField"

LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL = ""
LOGOUT_REDIRECT_URL = "/about"
LOGIN_URL = "/login"

MESSAGE_STORAGE = "django.contrib.messages.storage.cookie.CookieStorage"

# needed to overwrite bootsrap classes
MESSAGE_TAGS = {
    message_constants.DEBUG: "debug",
    message_constants.INFO: "info",
    message_constants.SUCCESS: "success",
    message_constants.WARNING: "warning",
    message_constants.ERROR: "danger",
}


INTERNAL_IPS = [
    "127.0.0.1",
]

我安装的应用程序中有会话和内容类型，中间件中有会话，这里有什么看起来明显不对的地方吗？

这是我的 .env

DJ_SECRET_KEY=super-secret-key
DJ_ALLOWED_HOSTS=localhost 127.0.0.1 [::1] 0.0.0.0 *
DJ_DEBUG=True
SQL_DATABASE=redonkulator
SQL_ENGINE=django.db.backends.mysql
SQL_USER=[myusername]
SQL_PASSWORD=[mypassword]
SQL_HOST=localhost
SQL_PORT=3306

我知道这个 .env 不适用于我的设置，没关系，因为我现在只是想让 sqlite 工作。

还有一件事，从今天开始，在这个问题出现后不久，每个 django 导入都带有黄色下划线。例如，settings.py 中的“django.contrib.messages”带有下划线，但我没有收到模块导入错误，所以我认为这不是问题所在。

最后，这里是 content_type 错误的回溯：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\manage.py", line 22, in <module>
    main()
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\manage.py", line 18, in main
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 419, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 413, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 354, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 398, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 89, in wrapped
    res = handle_func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\migrate.py", line 268, in handle
    emit_post_migrate_signal(
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\sql.py", line 42, in emit_post_migrate_signal
    models.signals.post_migrate.send(
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\dispatch\dispatcher.py", line 180, in send
    return [
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\dispatch\dispatcher.py", line 181, in <listcomp>
    (receiver, receiver(signal=self, sender=sender, **named))
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\management\__init__.py", line 42, in create_permissions
    create_contenttypes(app_config, verbosity=verbosity, interactive=interactive, using=using, apps=apps, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\contenttypes\management\__init__.py", line 119, in create_contenttypes
    content_types, app_models = get_contenttypes_and_models(app_config, using, ContentType)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\contenttypes\management\__init__.py", line 94, in get_contenttypes_and_models   
    content_types = {
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\query.py", line 280, in __iter__
    self._fetch_all()
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\query.py", line 1324, in _fetch_all
    self._result_cache = list(self._iterable_class(self))
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\query.py", line 51, in __iter__
    results = compiler.execute_sql(chunked_fetch=self.chunked_fetch, chunk_size=self.chunk_size)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\sql\compiler.py", line 1175, in execute_sql
    cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 98, in execute
    return super().execute(sql, params)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 66, in execute
    return self._execute_with_wrappers(sql, params, many=False, executor=self._execute)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 75, in _execute_with_wrappers
    return executor(sql, params, many, context)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 84, in _execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py", line 90, in __exit__
    raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 84, in _execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\sqlite3\base.py", line 423, in execute
    return Database.Cursor.execute(self, query, params)
django.db.utils.OperationalError: no such table: django_content_type

和 django 会话错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 84, in _execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\sqlite3\base.py", line 423, in execute
    return Database.Cursor.execute(self, query, params)

The above exception (no such table: django_session) was the direct cause of the following exception:
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\exception.py", line 47, in inner
    response = get_response(request)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py", line 181, in _get_response
    response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\views\decorators\cache.py", line 44, in _wrapped_view_func
    response = view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\admin\sites.py", line 414, in login
    return LoginView.as_view(**defaults)(request)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\views\generic\base.py", line 70, in view
    return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\utils\decorators.py", line 43, in _wrapper
    return bound_method(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\views\decorators\debug.py", line 89, in sensitive_post_parameters_wrapper
    return view(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\utils\decorators.py", line 43, in _wrapper
    return bound_method(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\utils\decorators.py", line 130, in _wrapped_view
    response = view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\utils\decorators.py", line 43, in _wrapper
    return bound_method(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\views\decorators\cache.py", line 44, in _wrapped_view_func
    response = view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\views.py", line 63, in dispatch
    return super().dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\views\generic\base.py", line 98, in dispatch
    return handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\views\generic\edit.py", line 142, in post
    return self.form_valid(form)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\views.py", line 92, in form_valid
    auth_login(self.request, form.get_user())
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\__init__.py", line 111, in login
    request.session.cycle_key()
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\sessions\backends\base.py", line 344, in cycle_key
    self.create()
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\sessions\backends\db.py", line 51, in create
    self._session_key = self._get_new_session_key()
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\sessions\backends\base.py", line 196, in _get_new_session_key
    if not self.exists(session_key):
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\sessions\backends\db.py", line 47, in exists
    return self.model.objects.filter(session_key=session_key).exists()
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\query.py", line 808, in exists
    return self.query.has_results(using=self.db)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\sql\query.py", line 550, in has_results
    return compiler.has_results()
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\sql\compiler.py", line 1145, in has_results
    return bool(self.execute_sql(SINGLE))
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\sql\compiler.py", line 1175, in execute_sql
    cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\debug_toolbar\panels\sql\tracking.py", line 198, in execute
    return self._record(self.cursor.execute, sql, params)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\debug_toolbar\panels\sql\tracking.py", line 133, in _record
    return method(sql, params)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 98, in execute
    return super().execute(sql, params)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 66, in execute
    return self._execute_with_wrappers(sql, params, many=False, executor=self._execute)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 75, in _execute_with_wrappers
    return executor(sql, params, many, context)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 84, in _execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py", line 90, in __exit__
    raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 84, in _execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "C:\Users\dwill\Documents\GitHub\MLPT\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\sqlite3\base.py", line 423, in execute
    return Database.Cursor.execute(self, query, params)

Exception Type: OperationalError at /admin/login/
Exception Value: no such table: django_session

Answer 1

尝试避开 .env 文件以排除这种情况。

更新settings.py

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'DBNAME',
        'USER': 'USER',
        'PASSWORD': 'PASS',
        'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
        'PORT': 3306
    }
}

如果这有效，那么我们就找到了问题的根源，应该仔细检查 .env 文件的位置并从那里向后工作。

Answer 2

完成迁移后，尝试同步您的数据库：

python manage.py migrate --run-syncdb

这个错误码已经帮我解决了好几次

OperationalError: no such table: django_content_type and django_session

OperationalError: no such table: django_content_type and django_session

mysql

django

django-settings

django-sessions

django-contenttypes