如何使用 python 套接字为传入请求发送 HTTP 响应

Question

我有一个 python 服务器编码以在 http://127.0.0.1:9999/ 上工作。服务器打印出传入的 http 请求。我还对响应期间要发送的内容 headers 以及内容进行了编码。这是代码：

import socket
from time import sleep
c = None #Client socket1
addr = None #Client address1
    
server_socket1 = socket.socket() #by default it is SOCK_STREAM (TCP) and has porotocal AF_INET (IPv4) 

server_socket1.bind(('127.0.0.1',9999)) #server machine's ip and port on which it will send and recieve connections from

server_socket1.listen(2) #We will only accept two connections as of now , one for each client
print("Server started successfully!!!")
print("Waiting for connections...\n\n")

while (((c is None)and(addr is None))):
    if((c is None) and (addr is None)):
        c,addr = server_socket1.accept()
        print("User connected to client1 socket!!")
        c.send(bytes("Connected to the apps server!!!","utf-8"))
        print("Client connected ip address "+str(addr))
        

        
while True:
    msg = c.recv(4096)
    if(msg!=None):
            #print(msg)
            headers, sep, body = msg.partition(b'\r\n\r\n')
            headers = headers.decode('utf-8') 
            print(headers)

            html_body = "<html><body><h1>This is a test</h1><p>More content here</p></body></html>"
            response_headers = {
            'Content-Type': 'text/html; encoding=utf8',
            'Content-Length': len(html_body),
            'Connection': 'close',
            }

            response_headers_raw = ''.join('%s: %s\r\n' % (k, v) for k, v in response_headers.items())
            response_proto = 'HTTP/1.1'
            response_status = '200'
            response_status_text = 'OK' # this can be random

            # sending all this stuff
            r = '%s %s %s\r\n' % (response_proto, response_status, response_status_text)
            c.sendall(r.encode())
            c.sendall(response_headers_raw.encode())
            c.sendall(b'\r\n') # to separate headers from body
            c.send(html_body.encode(encoding="utf-8"))

            sleep(5)

代码没有编译错误，启动服务器并捕获我从预期的浏览器发送的请求。但是，在发送响应时，套接字连接关闭并出现错误 [WinError 10053] 已建立的连接被主机中的软件中止.

浏览器发送的请求：

终端输出：

浏览器中显示的错误：

可能导致此错误的原因是什么？之前python提示我在发送response_headers_raw变量时object必须是字节类型而不是类型'str'。因此，我使用 encode() 函数将其转换为字节类型 object，这导致我出现此错误。

任何解决方案将不胜感激！

~问候

Answer 1

    c,addr = server_socket1.accept()
    print("User connected to client1 socket!!")
    c.send(bytes("Connected to the apps server!!!","utf-8"))

您在连接后立即向客户端发送“已连接到应用程序服务器！！！”。不过，客户端期待 HTTP 响应。由于它获取了您的非 HTTP 数据，因此客户端关闭了连接。稍后 c.sendall 将写入由对等方关闭的套接字，这会导致 “已建立的连接被中止”。

除此之外...

msg = c.recv(4096)
if(msg!=None):
        #print(msg)
        headers, sep, body = msg.partition(b'\r\n\r\n')

您的期望似乎是 c.recv 将 return None 当套接字关闭时。这不是真的，它会 return '' 代替。这意味着即使在第一个错误被修复后，如果对等方在成功读取请求并发送响应后关闭了连接，您的代码将再次运行进入类似的问题。

如何使用 python 套接字为传入请求发送 HTTP 响应

How to send an HTTP Response for an incoming request using python sockets

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client-server

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