必须初始化不可为 null 的实例字段“_selectedSize”

Question

我一直在使用我的商店应用程序，但现在这种空安全让我很生气。我已经创建了一个 class 但它给了我这个错误，后来不允许我的应用程序正常工作
这是 product.dart 文件：

import 'package:cloud_firestore/cloud_firestore.dart';
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:loja_virtual_nnananene/models/item_size.dart';

class Product extends ChangeNotifier {
  Product.fromDocument(DocumentSnapshot document) {
    id = document.documentID;
    name = document['name'];
    description = document['description'];
    images = List<String>.from(document.data['images'] as List<dynamic>);
    // ingore_for_file: Warning: Operand of null-aware operation
    sizes = (document.data['sizes'] as List<dynamic> ?? [])
        .map((s) => ItemSize.fromMap(s as Map<String, dynamic>))
        .toList();
  }

  String id = "";
  String name = "";
  String description = "";
  List<String> images = [];
  List<ItemSize> sizes = [];

  ItemSize _selectedSize;
  ItemSize get selectedSize => _selectedSize;
  set selectedSize(ItemSize value) {
    _selectedSize = value;
    notifyListeners();
  }
}

我在 Product.from... 这是错误：

Non-nullable instance field '_selectedSize' must be initialized.
Try adding an initializer expression, or add a field initializer in this constructor, or mark it 'late'.

这是我的 ItemSize class:

class ItemSize {
  ItemSize.fromMap(Map<String, dynamic> map) {
    name = map['name'] as String;
    price = map['price'] as num;
    stock = map['stock'] as int;
  }

  String name = "";
  num price = 0;
  int stock = 0;

  bool get hasStock => stock > 0;

  @override
  String toString() {
    return 'ItemSize{name: $name, price: $price, stock: $stock}';
  }
}

调用主窗口小部件：

class SizeWidget extends StatelessWidget {
  const SizeWidget(this.size);

  final ItemSize size;

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    final product = context.watch<Product>();
    final selected = size == product.selectedSize;

    Color color;
    if (!size.hasStock)
      color = Colors.red.withAlpha(50);
    else if (selected)
      color = ColorSelect.cprice;

Answer 1

代码第一次尝试获取选中项，当然会为null。我找到的替代方案是...

在 ItemSize class 中，我创建了一个简单的构造函数，所有 null -> ItemSize();

 class ItemSize {
  ItemSize.fromMap(Map<String, dynamic> map) {
    name = map['name'] as String;
    price = map['price'] as num;
    stock = map['stock'] as int;
  }
 
  ItemSize();
 
  String? name;
  num? price;
  int? stock;
 
  bool get hasStock => stock! > 0;
 
  @override
  String toString() {
    return 'ItemSize{name: $name, price: $price, stock: $stock}';
  }
}

在产品中 class 以这种方式获取。

 ItemSize get selectedSize {
    if (_selectedSize != null)
      return _selectedSize!;
    else
      return ItemSize();
  }

必须初始化不可为 null 的实例字段“_selectedSize”

Non-nullable instance field '_selectedSize' must be initialized

null

flutter

dart-null-safety