游戏// 无法更改重载构造函数的值

Question

伙计们。我倾斜了。问题是每次转弯（我的攻击，敌人的攻击），我的和敌人的统计数据都会被重置。即敌人有 20 HP，我造成 5 DMG，它检测到变化，在下一次打印时敌人有 15 HP，但在下一个回合它的 HP 又回到 20。（英雄角色也会发生同样的事情。） P.S 抱歉，英语不好，代码写得不好。这是完整的代码。

#pragma once
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class Hero
{
    string Name;
    int HP;
    int DMG;
    int LVL;
    int EXP;
    int MissChance;
    bool HeroCheck;
public:
    Hero(void);
    ~Hero(void);
    void Hero_Print();
    int BasicAttack();
    int HeavyAttack();
    void Heal();
    void LVLUP();
    int GetLVL();
    void SetHP(int NewHP);
    int GetHP();
    int GetMissChance();

};
#pragma once
#include "Hero.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

Hero::Hero(void)
{
    do{
    cout<<"TYPE YOUR HERO'S NAME:"<<endl;
    cin>>Name;
    }while(Name.length()>10);
    HP=20;
    DMG=5;
    LVL=1;
    EXP=0;
    MissChance=20;
    HeroCheck=true;
}


Hero::~Hero(void)
{
}

void Hero::Hero_Print()
{
    cout<<"____________"<<endl;
    cout<<Name<<"'s STATISTICS"<<endl;
    cout<<"HP: "<<HP<<endl;
    cout<<"DMG: "<<DMG<<endl;
    cout<<"LVL: "<<LVL<<endl;
    cout<<"EXP: "<<EXP<<endl;
    cout<<"____________"<<endl;
}

int Hero::BasicAttack()
{
    return DMG;
}
int Hero::HeavyAttack()
{
    return DMG+7;
}
void Hero::Heal()
{
    HP=HP+GetLVL();
}
void Hero::LVLUP()
{
    LVL++;
}
int Hero::GetLVL()
{
    return LVL;
}
void Hero::SetHP(int NewHP)
{
    HP=NewHP;
}
int Hero::GetHP()
{
    return HP;
}
int Hero::GetMissChance()
{
    return MissChance;
}

#pragma once
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class Enemy
{
    string Name;
    int HP;
    int DMG;
    int MissChance;
public:
    Enemy();
    void SetEnemy(string conName, int conHP, int conDMG, int conMissChance);
    ~Enemy(void);
    void Enemy_Print();
    int BasicAttack();
    int SpecialAttack();
    void Heal();
    int GetMissChance();
    void SetHP(int NewHP);
    int GetHP();
    string GetName();
};

#include "Enemy.h"
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
Enemy::Enemy()
{
}
void Enemy::SetEnemy(string conName, int conHP, int conDMG, int conMissChance)
{
    Name=conName;
    HP=conHP;
    DMG=conDMG;
    MissChance=conMissChance;
}
Enemy::~Enemy(void)
{
}
void Enemy::Enemy_Print()
{
    cout<<"____________"<<endl;
    cout<<Name<<"'s Statistics"<<endl;
    cout<<"HP: "<<HP<<endl;
    cout<<"DMG: "<<DMG<<endl;
    cout<<"____________"<<endl;
}
int Enemy::BasicAttack()
{
    return DMG;
}
int Enemy::SpecialAttack()
{
    return DMG+3;
}
void Enemy::Heal()
{
    HP=HP+3;
}
void Enemy::SetHP(int NewHP)
{
    HP=NewHP;
}
int Enemy::GetHP()
{
    return HP;
}
int Enemy::GetMissChance()
{
    return MissChance;
}
string Enemy::GetName()
{
    return Name;
}

//All Battle Functions~~

void EnemyBattle(Hero Character, Enemy RandomEnemy);
void BasicAttack(Hero Character, Enemy RandomEnemy);
void SpecialAttack(Hero Character, Enemy RandomEnemy);
void HeroHeal(Hero Character);
void EnemyHeal(Enemy RandomEnemy);
int RandGen();
bool HPHero_Check(Hero Character);
bool HPEnemy_Check(Enemy RandomEnemy);
void Hero_Death(Hero Character);
void Enemy_Death(Enemy RandomEnemy);
void HeroAttacks_Couts(Hero Character);
int MakingTurn();
int MissChance();
void HeroBasicAttack(Hero Character, Enemy RandomEnemy);
void HeroHeavyAttack(Hero Character, Enemy RandomEnemy);
void HeroHeal(Hero Character);
void EnemyBasicAttack(Hero Character, Enemy RandomEnemy);
void EnemySpecialAttack(Hero Character, Enemy RandomEnemy);
void EnemyHeal(Enemy RandomEnemy);
void HeroTurn(Hero Character, Enemy RandomEnemy);
void EnemyTurn(Hero Character,Enemy RandomEnemy);
void SingleBattle(Hero Character,Enemy RandomEnemy);

#pragma once
#include "Enemy.h"
#include "Hero.h"
#include "Functions.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <Windows.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
using namespace std;

int MakingTurn()
{
    int TurnNum;
    do
    {
    cout<<"Make your turn: ";
    cin>>TurnNum;
    }while(TurnNum<0||TurnNum>3);
    system("cls");
    return TurnNum;
}

int MissChance()
{
    int RandomNum;
    srand (time(NULL));
    RandomNum = rand() % 100;
    return RandomNum;
}

int RandGen()
{
    int x;
    srand(time(NULL));
    x = rand()% 3+1;
    return x;
}

void HeroAttacks_Couts(Hero Character)
{
    cout<<"1.Basic Attack: "<<Character.BasicAttack()<<" DMG"<<endl;
    cout<<"2.Heavy Attack: "<<Character.HeavyAttack()<<" DMG"<<endl;
    cout<<"3.Heal yourself for "<<Character.GetLVL()*3<<" HP"<<endl;
}

#pragma once
#include "Enemy.h"
#include "Hero.h"
#include "Functions.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

void Enemy_Death(Enemy RandomEnemy)
{
    system("cls");
    RandomEnemy.Enemy_Print();
    cout<<"You defeated the "<<RandomEnemy.GetName()<<"!"<<endl;
}

void Hero_Death(Hero Character)
{
    system("cls");
    Character.Hero_Print();
    cout<<"You died!"<<endl;
}

#pragma once
#include "Enemy.h"
#include "Hero.h"
#include "Functions.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

bool HPEnemy_Check(Enemy RandomEnemy)
{
    if(RandomEnemy.GetHP()<1)
    return false;
    else return true;
}

bool HPHero_Check(Hero Character)
{
    if(Character.GetHP()<1)
    return false;
    else return true;
}

#pragma once
#include "Enemy.h"
#include "Hero.h"
#include "Functions.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

//My attacks

void HeroBasicAttack(Hero Character, Enemy RandomEnemy)
{
    if(Character.GetMissChance()<MissChance())
        {
            int NewHP=RandomEnemy.GetHP()-Character.BasicAttack();
            RandomEnemy.SetHP(NewHP);
            cout<<"Your attack was successful!"<<endl;
            RandomEnemy.Enemy_Print();
        }else cout<<"You missed your attack!"<<endl;
}
void HeroHeavyAttack(Hero Character, Enemy RandomEnemy)
{
    if(Character.GetMissChance()<MissChance())
        {
            int NewHP=RandomEnemy.GetHP()-Character.HeavyAttack();
            RandomEnemy.SetHP(NewHP);
            cout<<"Your attack was successful!"<<endl;
            RandomEnemy.Enemy_Print();
        }else cout<<"You missed your attack!"<<endl;
}
void HeroHeal(Hero Character)
{
    Character.Heal();
    cout<<"You successfully healed yourself!"<<endl;
    Character.Hero_Print();
}
//Enemy attacks
void EnemyBasicAttack(Hero Character, Enemy RandomEnemy)
{
    if(RandomEnemy.GetMissChance()<MissChance())
        {
            int NewHP=Character.GetHP()-RandomEnemy.BasicAttack();
            Character.SetHP(NewHP);
            cout<<"The "<<RandomEnemy.GetName()<<" hit you with his Basic Attack!"<<endl;
            Character.Hero_Print();
        }else cout<<"The "<<RandomEnemy.GetName()<<" missed you!"<<endl;
}
void EnemySpecialAttack(Hero Character,Enemy RandomEnemy)
{
    if(RandomEnemy.GetMissChance()<MissChance())
        {
            int NewHP=Character.GetHP()-RandomEnemy.SpecialAttack();
            Character.SetHP(NewHP);
        cout<<"The "<<RandomEnemy.GetName()<<" hit you with his Special Attack!"<<endl;
        Character.Hero_Print();
        }else cout<<"The "<<RandomEnemy.GetName()<<" missed you!"<<endl;
}
void EnemyHeal(Enemy RandomEnemy)
{
    RandomEnemy.Heal();
    cout<<"The "<<RandomEnemy.GetName()<<" successfully used Heal!"<<endl;
    RandomEnemy.Enemy_Print();
}

#include "Enemy.h"
#include "Hero.h"
#include "Functions.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

void HeroTurn(Hero Character, Enemy RandomEnemy)
{
    switch(MakingTurn())
        {
            case 1:
                HeroBasicAttack(Character,RandomEnemy);
                break;
            case 2:
                HeroHeavyAttack(Character,RandomEnemy);
                break;
            case 3:
                HeroHeal(Character);
                break;
    }
}
void EnemyTurn(Hero Character, Enemy RandomEnemy)
{
    switch(RandGen())
        {
            case 1:
                EnemyBasicAttack(Character,RandomEnemy);
                break;
            case 2:
                EnemySpecialAttack(Character,RandomEnemy);
                break;
            case 3:
                EnemyHeal(RandomEnemy);
                break;
        }
}

#pragma once
#include "Enemy.h"
#include "Hero.h"
#include "Functions.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

//Both mine and enemy's turns
void SingleBattle(Hero Character,Enemy RandomEnemy)
{
    cout<<"You have encountered "<<RandomEnemy.GetName()<<"!Brace yourself for battle!"<<endl;
    RandomEnemy.Enemy_Print();
    do
        {
            if(!HPHero_Check(Character))
                {
                    Hero_Death(Character);
                    break;
                }else 
                    Character.Hero_Print();
                    HeroAttacks_Couts(Character);
                    HeroTurn(Character,RandomEnemy);
                    if(!HPEnemy_Check(RandomEnemy))
                        {
                            Enemy_Death(RandomEnemy);
                            break;
                        }else
                            EnemyTurn(Character,RandomEnemy);
                            RandomEnemy.Enemy_Print();
        }while(HPHero_Check(Character)||HPEnemy_Check(RandomEnemy));
}

#pragma once
#include "Enemy.h"
#include "Hero.h"
#include "Functions.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

// Selecting random enemy to fight
void EnemyBattle(Hero Character, Enemy RandomEnemy)
{
    switch(RandGen())
    {
    case 1:
        {
            RandomEnemy.SetEnemy("Orc",18,7,30);
            SingleBattle(Character,RandomEnemy);
            break;
        }
    case 2:
        {
            RandomEnemy.SetEnemy("Skeleton",15,9,35);
            SingleBattle(Character,RandomEnemy);
            break;
        }
    case 3:
        {
            RandomEnemy.SetEnemy("Ghost",17,4,20);
            SingleBattle(Character,RandomEnemy);
            break;
        }
    }
}



#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <Windows.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#include "Hero.h"
#include "Enemy.h"
#include "Functions.h"
using namespace std;
//Main
int main()
{
    Hero Character;
    Enemy RandomEnemy;
    bool GameRun = true;
    do
    {
    Character.Hero_Print();
    EnemyBattle(Character,RandomEnemy);
    }while( GameRun);

    return 0;
}

*

Answer 1

很简单，您是通过副本传递 Hero 和 Enemy。这意味着复制了您的对象，damage/heal 应用于该对象，这对您要修改的对象没有影响。

看到这个问题：unable to change member value with method

int main()
{
    Hero Character;
    Character.Hero_Print();
    // This passes a COPY of the character. The heal is applied and then you print the copies stats
    HeroHeal(Character);
    // However, no changes have been made to Character.
    Character.Hero_Print();
}

您需要通过引用传递您的 `Hero`

// Takes a reference to the Hero
void HeroHeal(Hero& Character)
{
    Character.Heal();
    cout<<"You successfully healed yourself!"<<endl;
    Character.Hero_Print();
}

现在不再传递副本，而是传递对 Hero 的引用。请注意，您调用函数的方式 不会改变 。也就是你还是会这样写：

// Heal the actual hero (parameter passed by reference)
void HeroHeal(Hero& Character);
// Heal a clone of this hero (parameter passed by copy)
void HeroHealClone(Hero Clone);

int main()
{
    Hero newHero;
    HeroHeal(newHero);
    HeroHealClone(newHero);
}

游戏// 无法更改重载构造函数的值

Game// Can't change the values of overloaded constructor

c++

object

constructor-overloading

您需要通过引用传递您的 `Hero`

游戏// 无法更改重载构造函数的值

Game// Can't change the values of overloaded constructor

c++

object

constructor-overloading

您需要通过引用传递您的 Hero

您需要通过引用传递您的 `Hero`