Django 与 websockets - Uvicorn + Nginx

Question

我正在尝试运行一个 Django 网站，其频道已激活以使用 websocket。使用运行服务器时一切正常，但切换到 Nginx + Uvicorn 时事情变得很棘手。

这是我的 /etc/systemd/system/gunicorn.service

[Unit]
Description=gunicorn daemon
Requires=gunicorn.socket
After=network.target

[Service]
User=root
Group=www-data
WorkingDirectory=/home/myapp/
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/gunicorn -w 1 -k uvicorn.workers.UvicornWorker --timeout 300    --bind unix:/home/myapp/myapp.sock myapp.asgi:application


[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

这是我的 /etc/systemd/system/gunicorn.socket

[Unit]
Description=gunicorn socket

[Socket]
ListenStream=/home/myapp/myapp.sock

[Install]
WantedBy=sockets.target

这是我的 /etc/nginx/sites-available/myapp

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name myapp.box 10.42.0.1;
    
    
    location = /favicon.ico { access_log off; log_not_found off; }
    location ~ ^/static {
        autoindex on;
        root /home/myapp;
    }

    location ~ ^/ {
        include proxy_params;
        proxy_pass http://unix:/home/myapp/myapp.sock;
    }
    location @proxy_to_app {
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
        proxy_redirect off;
        proxy_buffering off;
        
        proxy_pass http://unix:/home/myapp/myapp.sock;
    }
}

Nginx 正在运行ning，套接字和 gunicorn 出现问题，gunicorn 显示以下错误消息。

Jul 07 11:14:11 hostname gunicorn[1825]:   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 76, in __getattr__
Jul 07 11:14:11 hostname gunicorn[1825]:     self._setup(name)
Jul 07 11:14:11 hostname  gunicorn[1825]:   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 57, in _setup
Jul 07 11:14:11 hostname  gunicorn[1825]:     raise ImproperlyConfigured(
Jul 07 11:14:11 hostname  gunicorn[1825]: django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Requested setting INSTALLED_APPS, but settings are not configured. You must either define the envir>
Jul 07 11:14:11 hostname  gunicorn[1825]: [2021-07-07 11:14:11 +0800] [1825] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 1825)
Jul 07 11:14:12 hostname  gunicorn[1822]: [2021-07-07 11:14:12 +0800] [1822] [INFO] Shutting down: Master
Jul 07 11:14:12 hostname  gunicorn[1822]: [2021-07-07 11:14:12 +0800] [1822] [INFO] Reason: Worker failed to boot.

当我尝试访问我的网站时，出现“欢迎使用 nginx！”页面并且无法从我的站点获取页面（合乎逻辑，因为 Gunicorn 无法获取 Django 运行ning）

我还附上了我的 /home/myapp/asgi.py 文件

"""
ASGI config for myapp project.

It exposes the ASGI callable as a module-level variable named ``application``.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/howto/deployment/asgi/
"""
import os
from channels.auth import AuthMiddlewareStack
from channels.routing import ProtocolTypeRouter, URLRouter
from django.core.asgi import get_asgi_application
import myapp.routing
import MyApp.routing

os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'myapp.settings')
django.setup()

application = ProtocolTypeRouter({
    "http": get_asgi_application(),
    "websocket": AuthMiddlewareStack( URLRouter( MyApp.routing.websocket_urlpatterns ) ),
    # Just HTTP for now. (We can add other protocols later.)
})

有人会知道发生了什么以及我遗漏了什么吗？

谢谢，

Answer 1

好的，我已设法修复它。在 asgi.py 中，我正在导入一些外部模块，并且 settings.py 必须先加载。我在 asgi.py

的顶部添加了以下两行

import django
django.setup()

在 qll 导入之前，它似乎到目前为止有效

Django 与 websockets - Uvicorn + Nginx

Django with websockets - Uvicorn + Nginx

django

nginx

websocket

gunicorn

uvicorn