我们如何模拟 OutOfMemory: Metaspace？

Question

我有一个任务是故意模拟 OutOfMemory: Metaspace 错误。我尝试了不同的方法，但 none 给了我需要的结果。有人可以为此分享好的例子吗？

我的第一次尝试（使用 javassist）：

static ClassPool classPool = ClassPool.getDefault();

@SneakyThrows
public void task() {

    try {
        for (int i = 0; ; i++) {
            Class cl = classPool.makeClass("task1.Test" + i).toClass();
        }
    } catch (Error er) {
        Runtime.getRuntime().gc();
        log.error(er.getMessage());
    }
}

和 gradle.properties 文件中的设置：

org.gradle.jvmargs=-XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=70M

但是我有一个错误：

Exception: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError thrown from the UncaughtExceptionHandler in thread "main"

我没听清楚。

我的第二次尝试：

public void task() {
        try {
            URL url = new File("D:/classes").toURI().toURL();
            URL[] urls = {url};

            ClassLoadingMXBean loadingMXBean = ManagementFactory.getClassLoadingMXBean();

            List<ClassLoader> classLoaders = new ArrayList<>();

            while (true) {
                ClassLoader classLoader = new URLClassLoader(urls);
                classLoaders.add(classLoader);
                classLoader.loadClass("test1.Test1");

                log.info("Total: " + loadingMXBean.getTotalLoadedClassCount());
                log.info("Active: " + loadingMXBean.getLoadedClassCount());
                log.info("Unloaded: " + loadingMXBean.getUnloadedClassCount());
            }
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            log.error(ex + ex.getMessage());
        }
    }

没用，IDEA告诉我内存有规律

Answer 1

您忘记了 class加载在 JVM 中的工作方式。 classloader 将首先尝试让其父加载您要查找的 class。为了让你的测试工作，你需要一个自定义 class 加载器，它不会为你正在测试的 class 委托给它的父级。

这是一个适用于 Java 8

的示例

DummyClass.java（默认包）

public class DummyClass {
  static String padding = "1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890";
}

Test.java（默认包）

import java.lang.management.ClassLoadingMXBean;
import java.lang.management.ManagementFactory;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLClassLoader;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Test {
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        try {
            
            URL url = Test.class.getResource("").toURI().toURL();
            System.out.println("URL = " + url);
            URL[] urls = {url};
    
            ClassLoadingMXBean loadingMXBean = ManagementFactory.getClassLoadingMXBean();
    
            List<ClassLoader> classLoaders = new ArrayList<>();

            System.out.println("Total: " + loadingMXBean.getTotalLoadedClassCount());
            System.out.println("Active: " + loadingMXBean.getLoadedClassCount());
            System.out.println("Unloaded: " + loadingMXBean.getUnloadedClassCount());

            int i = 0;
            while ( true ) {
                i++;
                System.out.println("### Iteration " + i + " ###");
                ClassLoader classLoader = new URLClassLoader(urls) {
                    @Override
                    public Class<?> loadClass(String name) throws ClassNotFoundException {
                        final Class<?> loadedClass;
                        if ( "DummyClass".equals(name) ) {
                            System.out.println (this + " - finding class " + name);
                            loadedClass = findClass(name);
                            System.out.println (this + " - loading class " + loadedClass);
                        } else {
                            // delegate to parent
                            loadedClass = this.getParent().loadClass(name);
                        }
                        return loadedClass;
                    }
                };
                
                classLoaders.add(classLoader);
                classLoader.loadClass("DummyClass");
    
                System.out.println("Total: " + loadingMXBean.getTotalLoadedClassCount());
                System.out.println("Active: " + loadingMXBean.getLoadedClassCount());
                System.out.println("Unloaded: " + loadingMXBean.getUnloadedClassCount());
            }
        } catch ( Exception ex ) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
        
    }
}

运行 -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=100m，我终于明白了：

> ### Iteration 16318 ### 
> Test@531ed68e - finding class DummyClass
> Test@531ed68e - loading class class DummyClass
> Total: 16747 Active:
> 16747 Unloaded: 0
> ### Iteration 16319 ### 
> Test@6bbd4048 - finding class DummyClass 
> Exception in thread "main" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Metaspace  at
> java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)     at
> java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:756)   at
> java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:142)
>   at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:468)     at
> java.net.URLClassLoader.access0(URLClassLoader.java:74)    at
> java.net.URLClassLoader.run(URLClassLoader.java:369)    at
> java.net.URLClassLoader.run(URLClassLoader.java:363)    at
> java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)    at
> java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:362)    at
> Test.loadClass(Test.java:42)    at Test.main(Test.java:53)

我们如何模拟 OutOfMemory: Metaspace？

How can we simulate OutOfMemory: Metaspace?

java

memory

out-of-memory