pip install py-find-1st 在 ubuntu20 和 centos 上失败 python3.9
pip install py-find-1st fails on ubuntu20 & centos with python3.9
这是我的流程。
我在 ubuntu20 和 运行 这个脚本 运行 上启动了一个新的 aws t2.micro ec2
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gcc
sudo apt-get install python3.9
sudo apt-get install python3.9-venv
curl --silent --show-error --retry 5 https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py > get-pip.py
python3.9 get-pip.py
sudo apt-get install python-dev
sudo apt-get install python3-dev
python3.9 -m pip install --upgrade pip
python3.9 -m pip install --upgrade pip setuptools
python3.9 -m pip install --upgrade wheel
python3.9 -m pip install testresources
sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install libreadline-gplv2-dev libncursesw5-dev libssl-dev libsqlite3-dev tk-dev libgdbm-dev libc6-dev libbz2-dev libffi-dev wget liblzma-dev lzma
sudo apt-get install python3-devel
python3.9 -m pip install p5py
python3.9 -m pip install PEP517
python3.9 -m pip install py-find-1st
最后一行是问题所在
我得到了这个输出（错误在底部，我包含了更多输出以防有用，不得不 trim 输出一点）
Preparing to unpack .../python3.9-venv_3.9.5-3~20.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking python3.9-venv (3.9.5-3~20.04.1) ...
Setting up python-pip-whl (20.0.2-5ubuntu1.5) ...
Setting up python3.9-venv (3.9.5-3~20.04.1) ...
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Collecting pip
Downloading pip-21.1.3-py3-none-any.whl (1.5 MB)
|████████████████████████████████| 1.5 MB 5.0 MB/s
Collecting wheel
Downloading wheel-0.36.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (35 kB)
Installing collected packages: wheel, pip
WARNING: The script wheel is installed in '/home/ubuntu/.local/bin' which is not on PATH.
Consider adding this directory to PATH or, if you prefer to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location.
WARNING: The scripts pip, pip3 and pip3.9 are installed in '/home/ubuntu/.local/bin' which is not on PATH.
Consider adding this directory to PATH or, if you prefer to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location.
Successfully installed pip-21.1.3 wheel-0.36.2
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'python-dev-is-python2' instead of 'python-dev'
The following additional packages will be installed:
libexpat1-dev libpython2-dev libpython2-stdlib libpython2.7 libpython2.7-dev libpython2.7-minimal
libpython2.7-stdlib python-is-python2 python2 python2-dev python2-minimal python2.7 python2.7-dev
python2.7-minimal
Suggested packages:
python2-doc python-tk python2.7-doc binfmt-support
The following NEW packages will be installed:
libexpat1-dev libpython2-dev libpython2-stdlib libpython2.7 libpython2.7-dev libpython2.7-minimal
libpython2.7-stdlib python-dev-is-python2 python-is-python2 python2 python2-dev python2-minimal python2.7
python2.7-dev python2.7-minimal
0 upgraded, 15 newly installed, 0 to remove and 78 not upgraded.
Need to get 7744 kB of archives.
After this operation, 35.1 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
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Get:4 http://us-east-2.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/universe amd64 libpython2.7-stdlib amd64 2.7.18-1~20.04.1 [1887 kB]
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Get:8 http://us-east-2.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libexpat1-dev amd64 2.2.9-1build1 [116 kB]
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Fetched 7744 kB in 0s (46.3 MB/s)
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Setting up libpython2-dev:amd64 (2.7.17-2ubuntu4) ...
Setting up python-is-python2 (2.7.17-4) ...
Setting up python2.7-dev (2.7.18-1~20.04.1) ...
Setting up python2-dev (2.7.17-2ubuntu4) ...
Setting up python-dev-is-python2 (2.7.17-4) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.31-0ubuntu9.2) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ...
Processing triggers for mime-support (3.64ubuntu1) ...
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
libpython3-dev libpython3.8 libpython3.8-dev libpython3.8-minimal libpython3.8-stdlib python3.8 python3.8-dev
python3.8-minimal zlib1g-dev
Suggested packages:
python3.8-venv python3.8-doc binfmt-support
The following NEW packages will be installed:
libpython3-dev libpython3.8-dev python3-dev python3.8-dev zlib1g-dev
The following packages will be upgraded:
libpython3.8 libpython3.8-minimal libpython3.8-stdlib python3.8 python3.8-minimal
5 upgraded, 5 newly installed, 0 to remove and 73 not upgraded.
Need to get 10.9 MB of archives.
After this operation, 21.2 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Get:1 http://us-east-2.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 python3.8 amd64 3.8.10-0ubuntu1~20.04 [387 kB]
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Get:3 http://us-east-2.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libpython3.8-stdlib amd64 3.8.10-0ubuntu1~20.04 [1675 kB]
Get:4 http://us-east-2.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 python3.8-minimal amd64 3.8.10-0ubuntu1~20.04 [1898 kB]
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Fetched 10.9 MB in 0s (42.5 MB/s)
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Setting up libpython3-dev:amd64 (3.8.2-0ubuntu2) ...
Setting up python3-dev (3.8.2-0ubuntu2) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.31-0ubuntu9.2) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ...
Processing triggers for mime-support (3.64ubuntu1) ...
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Requirement already satisfied: pip in ./.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages (21.1.3)
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Requirement already satisfied: pip in ./.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages (21.1.3)
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (45.2.0)
Collecting setuptools
Downloading setuptools-57.4.0-py3-none-any.whl (819 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 819 kB 5.0 MB/s
Installing collected packages: setuptools
ERROR: pip's dependency resolver does not currently take into account all the packages that are installed. This behaviour is the source of the following dependency conflicts.
launchpadlib 1.10.13 requires testresources, which is not installed.
Successfully installed setuptools-57.4.0
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Requirement already satisfied: wheel in ./.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages (0.36.2)
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
dpkg-dev fakeroot g++ g++-9 libalgorithm-diff-perl libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl libalgorithm-merge-perl libdpkg-perl
libfakeroot libfile-fcntllock-perl libstdc++-9-dev make
Suggested packages:
debian-keyring g++-multilib g++-9-multilib gcc-9-doc bzr libstdc++-9-doc make-doc
The following NEW packages will be installed:
build-essential dpkg-dev fakeroot g++ g++-9 libalgorithm-diff-perl libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl
libalgorithm-merge-perl libdpkg-perl libfakeroot libfile-fcntllock-perl libstdc++-9-dev make
0 upgraded, 13 newly installed, 0 to remove and 73 not upgraded.
Need to get 11.4 MB of archives.
After this operation, 52.2 MB of additional disk space will be used.
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Preconfiguring packages ...
Created wheel for p5py: filename=p5py-1.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl size=2333 sha256=e7417e00f0c9701b6889208ba42a352140b10d38748267029e0b3f5adb557857
Stored in directory: /home/ubuntu/.cache/pip/wheels/72/c3/3e/d2e21f7f687d90134f4774eee0b36f1b3303ef35d4ebf832c7
Successfully built p5py
Installing collected packages: p5py
Successfully installed p5py-1.0.0
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Collecting PEP517
Downloading pep517-0.11.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (19 kB)
Collecting tomli
Downloading tomli-1.0.4-py3-none-any.whl (11 kB)
Installing collected packages: tomli, PEP517
Successfully installed PEP517-0.11.0 tomli-1.0.4
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Collecting py-find-1st
Downloading py_find_1st-1.1.5.tar.gz (8.8 kB)
Installing build dependencies ... done
Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
Preparing wheel metadata ... done
Collecting numpy>=1.13.0
Downloading numpy-1.21.1-cp39-cp39-manylinux_2_12_x86_64.manylinux2010_x86_64.whl (15.8 MB)
|████████████████████████████████| 15.8 MB 6.0 MB/s
Building wheels for collected packages: py-find-1st
Building wheel for py-find-1st (PEP 517) ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /usr/bin/python3.9 /home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/in_process/_in_process.py build_wheel /tmp/tmp47_3kk6k
cwd: /tmp/pip-install-pvu0gblm/py-find-1st_36eb63373254485b8448e2b46d13c71f
Complete output (20 lines):
/tmp/pip-build-env-qm53q7xb/overlay/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py:697: UserWarning: Usage of dash-separated 'description-file' will not be supported in future versions. Please use the underscore name 'description_file' instead
warnings.warn(
running bdist_wheel
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.9
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.9/utils_find_1st
copying utils_find_1st/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.9/utils_find_1st
running build_ext
check for clang compiler ... no
building 'find_1st' extension
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.9
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.9/utils_find_1st
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -DNPY_NO_DEPRECATED_API=NPY_1_13_API_VERSION -I/tmp/pip-build-env-qm53q7xb/overlay/lib/python3.9/site-packages/numpy/core/include -I/usr/include/python3.9 -c utils_find_1st/find_1st.cpp -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.9/utils_find_1st/find_1st.o
utils_find_1st/find_1st.cpp:3:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
3 | #include "Python.h"
| ^~~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
error: command '/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit code 1
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Failed building wheel for py-find-1st
Failed to build py-find-1st
ERROR: Could not build wheels for py-find-1st which use PEP 517 and cannot be installed directly
如果您想重现错误，可以启动 t2.micro ec2 运行ning ubuntu20 和 运行 上面列出的脚本
这似乎是您尝试安装的模块的问题，而不是 header 本身的问题。 py-find-1st is a rather exotic module (9 stars on GitHub at the time of writing) and the build problem of this sort has been already reported.
解决方案：
安装libpython3.9
sudo apt install libpython3.9-dev
编辑：此解决方案有效，libpython3.9-dev.
中缺少 OP include/python3.9/Python.h header
忘记那个模块
该模块实现了一个函数，用于“无需读取整个数组即可找到第一个索引”，（部分）可以实现为：
def find_1st(X):
ind = np.flatnonzero(X < 0.)
if len(ind) :
return ind[0]
else:
return -1
问题是，这会读取完整的数组。如果你的数组太大，你可以考虑 运行 循环。
为了让这个在 CentOs 上运行，因为这个 post 一直出现在我所有的 google 结果中。
希望这会帮助其他人安装这个烦人的库！
sudo yum install gcc
sudo yum install gcc-c++
这是我的流程。
我在 ubuntu20 和 运行 这个脚本 运行 上启动了一个新的 aws t2.micro ec2
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gcc
sudo apt-get install python3.9
sudo apt-get install python3.9-venv
curl --silent --show-error --retry 5 https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py > get-pip.py
python3.9 get-pip.py
sudo apt-get install python-dev
sudo apt-get install python3-dev
python3.9 -m pip install --upgrade pip
python3.9 -m pip install --upgrade pip setuptools
python3.9 -m pip install --upgrade wheel
python3.9 -m pip install testresources
sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install libreadline-gplv2-dev libncursesw5-dev libssl-dev libsqlite3-dev tk-dev libgdbm-dev libc6-dev libbz2-dev libffi-dev wget liblzma-dev lzma
sudo apt-get install python3-devel
python3.9 -m pip install p5py
python3.9 -m pip install PEP517
python3.9 -m pip install py-find-1st
最后一行是问题所在
我得到了这个输出（错误在底部，我包含了更多输出以防有用，不得不 trim 输出一点）
Preparing to unpack .../python3.9-venv_3.9.5-3~20.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking python3.9-venv (3.9.5-3~20.04.1) ...
Setting up python-pip-whl (20.0.2-5ubuntu1.5) ...
Setting up python3.9-venv (3.9.5-3~20.04.1) ...
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Collecting pip
Downloading pip-21.1.3-py3-none-any.whl (1.5 MB)
|████████████████████████████████| 1.5 MB 5.0 MB/s
Collecting wheel
Downloading wheel-0.36.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (35 kB)
Installing collected packages: wheel, pip
WARNING: The script wheel is installed in '/home/ubuntu/.local/bin' which is not on PATH.
Consider adding this directory to PATH or, if you prefer to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location.
WARNING: The scripts pip, pip3 and pip3.9 are installed in '/home/ubuntu/.local/bin' which is not on PATH.
Consider adding this directory to PATH or, if you prefer to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location.
Successfully installed pip-21.1.3 wheel-0.36.2
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'python-dev-is-python2' instead of 'python-dev'
The following additional packages will be installed:
libexpat1-dev libpython2-dev libpython2-stdlib libpython2.7 libpython2.7-dev libpython2.7-minimal
libpython2.7-stdlib python-is-python2 python2 python2-dev python2-minimal python2.7 python2.7-dev
python2.7-minimal
Suggested packages:
python2-doc python-tk python2.7-doc binfmt-support
The following NEW packages will be installed:
libexpat1-dev libpython2-dev libpython2-stdlib libpython2.7 libpython2.7-dev libpython2.7-minimal
libpython2.7-stdlib python-dev-is-python2 python-is-python2 python2 python2-dev python2-minimal python2.7
python2.7-dev python2.7-minimal
0 upgraded, 15 newly installed, 0 to remove and 78 not upgraded.
Need to get 7744 kB of archives.
After this operation, 35.1 MB of additional disk space will be used.
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Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.31-0ubuntu9.2) ...
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Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
libpython3-dev libpython3.8 libpython3.8-dev libpython3.8-minimal libpython3.8-stdlib python3.8 python3.8-dev
python3.8-minimal zlib1g-dev
Suggested packages:
python3.8-venv python3.8-doc binfmt-support
The following NEW packages will be installed:
libpython3-dev libpython3.8-dev python3-dev python3.8-dev zlib1g-dev
The following packages will be upgraded:
libpython3.8 libpython3.8-minimal libpython3.8-stdlib python3.8 python3.8-minimal
5 upgraded, 5 newly installed, 0 to remove and 73 not upgraded.
Need to get 10.9 MB of archives.
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Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Requirement already satisfied: pip in ./.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages (21.1.3)
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Requirement already satisfied: pip in ./.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages (21.1.3)
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (45.2.0)
Collecting setuptools
Downloading setuptools-57.4.0-py3-none-any.whl (819 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 819 kB 5.0 MB/s
Installing collected packages: setuptools
ERROR: pip's dependency resolver does not currently take into account all the packages that are installed. This behaviour is the source of the following dependency conflicts.
launchpadlib 1.10.13 requires testresources, which is not installed.
Successfully installed setuptools-57.4.0
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Requirement already satisfied: wheel in ./.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages (0.36.2)
Reading package lists... Done
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The following additional packages will be installed:
dpkg-dev fakeroot g++ g++-9 libalgorithm-diff-perl libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl libalgorithm-merge-perl libdpkg-perl
libfakeroot libfile-fcntllock-perl libstdc++-9-dev make
Suggested packages:
debian-keyring g++-multilib g++-9-multilib gcc-9-doc bzr libstdc++-9-doc make-doc
The following NEW packages will be installed:
build-essential dpkg-dev fakeroot g++ g++-9 libalgorithm-diff-perl libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl
libalgorithm-merge-perl libdpkg-perl libfakeroot libfile-fcntllock-perl libstdc++-9-dev make
0 upgraded, 13 newly installed, 0 to remove and 73 not upgraded.
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Building wheels for collected packages: py-find-1st
Building wheel for py-find-1st (PEP 517) ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /usr/bin/python3.9 /home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/in_process/_in_process.py build_wheel /tmp/tmp47_3kk6k
cwd: /tmp/pip-install-pvu0gblm/py-find-1st_36eb63373254485b8448e2b46d13c71f
Complete output (20 lines):
/tmp/pip-build-env-qm53q7xb/overlay/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py:697: UserWarning: Usage of dash-separated 'description-file' will not be supported in future versions. Please use the underscore name 'description_file' instead
warnings.warn(
running bdist_wheel
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.9
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.9/utils_find_1st
copying utils_find_1st/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.9/utils_find_1st
running build_ext
check for clang compiler ... no
building 'find_1st' extension
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.9
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.9/utils_find_1st
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -DNPY_NO_DEPRECATED_API=NPY_1_13_API_VERSION -I/tmp/pip-build-env-qm53q7xb/overlay/lib/python3.9/site-packages/numpy/core/include -I/usr/include/python3.9 -c utils_find_1st/find_1st.cpp -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.9/utils_find_1st/find_1st.o
utils_find_1st/find_1st.cpp:3:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
3 | #include "Python.h"
| ^~~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
error: command '/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit code 1
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Failed building wheel for py-find-1st
Failed to build py-find-1st
ERROR: Could not build wheels for py-find-1st which use PEP 517 and cannot be installed directly
如果您想重现错误，可以启动 t2.micro ec2 运行ning ubuntu20 和 运行 上面列出的脚本
这似乎是您尝试安装的模块的问题，而不是 header 本身的问题。 py-find-1st is a rather exotic module (9 stars on GitHub at the time of writing) and the build problem of this sort has been already reported.
解决方案：
安装libpython3.9
sudo apt install libpython3.9-dev
编辑：此解决方案有效，libpython3.9-dev.
include/python3.9/Python.h header
忘记那个模块
该模块实现了一个函数，用于“无需读取整个数组即可找到第一个索引”，（部分）可以实现为：
def find_1st(X):
ind = np.flatnonzero(X < 0.)
if len(ind) :
return ind[0]
else:
return -1
问题是，这会读取完整的数组。如果你的数组太大，你可以考虑 运行 循环。
为了让这个在 CentOs 上运行，因为这个 post 一直出现在我所有的 google 结果中。
希望这会帮助其他人安装这个烦人的库！
sudo yum install gcc
sudo yum install gcc-c++