Python 将数据从 I2C 传感器发送到本地 SQL 数据库的代码

Question

我正在开发一个连接在一起并与树莓派 pi4B 通信的 I2C 传感器系统。使用下面的代码，我可以将测量结果保存在 excel 文件中。我想将它们存储在我在笔记本电脑上本地创建的 sql 数据库中的 table 中。我应该在此代码中更改什么？

import time
import datetime
import bme680
from as7262 import AS7262
from datetime import date
from openpyxl import load_workbook

as7262 = AS7262()

as7262.set_gain(1) # 1, 3.7, 16, 64
as7262.set_integration_time(10) #1 to 255 x 2.8ms exposure
#mode 0 - bank 1 only continuous, mode 1 - bank 2 only continuous, mode 2 - both banks continuous, mode 3 - both banks single read 
as7262.set_measurement_mode(2) #2 all colours continuous
as7262.set_illumination_led_current(12.5) #12.5mA 25mA 50mA 100mA
as7262.set_illumination_led(0)

sensor_bme680 = bme680.BME680()

# Load the workbook and select the sheet
wb = load_workbook('/mypath/data.xlsx')
sheet = wb['data_log']

try:
    while True:
        values = as7262.get_calibrated_values() #get values from scan
        spec = [float(i) for i in list(values)] #convert results from string to float
        temperature = round(sensor_bme680.data.temperature, 2)
        pressure = round (sensor_bme680.data.pressure, 2)
        humidity = round(sensor_bme680.data.humidity, 2)
        gas_resistance = round(sensor_bme680.data.gas_resistance, 2)
        red_light = round(spec[0], 4)
        orange_light = round(spec[1], 4)
        yellow_light = round(spec[2], 4)
        green_light = round(spec[3], 4)
        blue_light = round(spec[4], 4)
        violet_light = round(spec[5], 4)
        today = date.today()
        now = datetime.datetime.now().time()
        
        # Inform the user!
        print('Adding this data to the spreadsheet:')
        print(today)
        print(now)
        print('{}*C {}hPa {}% {}res microM microM microM microM microM microM'.format(temperature, pressure, humidity, gas_resistance, red_light,orange_light,yellow_light,green_light,blue_light,violet_light))


        # Append data to the spreadsheet
        row = (today, now, temperature, pressure, humidity, gas_resistance, red_light,orange_light,yellow_light,green_light,blue_light,violet_light)
        sheet.append(row)
        
        #Save the workbook
        wb.save('/home/pi/Documents/sensors/data.xlsx')
        # Wait for 10 minutes seconds (600 seconds)
        time.sleep(10)

finally:
    # Make sure the workbook is saved!
    wb.save('/mypath/data.xlsx')
    
    print('Goodbye!')

Answer 1

要直接在数据库中发布数据而不是 Excel sheet，您可以在 python.

中使用 mariadb

首先在 RaspberryPi 中下载 mariadb 并设置一个包含所需表的数据库。然后您可以添加下面提到的代码以连接到您的程序。

for example:

mariadb_connection = mariadb.connect(user='username', password='password', database='databasename')
cursor= mariadb_connection.cursor()
Query1="Your query that you want to run"
cursor.execute(Query1,"anyvalue that will be passed")
mariadb_connection.commit();

Answer 2

我个人喜欢在大多数情况下与 python 中的数据库交互时使用 sqlalchemy。它将 table-定义表示为 classes 并且要向数据库中添加一行，您只需创建一个 class 的对象并通过 sqlalchemy 命令将其添加到数据库中。因此，您必须在 python 中定义您的数据库，以便您的代码知道它的结构。

例如，我假设您的数据库中只有一个 table，与您的 excel sheet 具有相同的列。 table 的定义和数据库的创建（在该脚本所在的同一文件夹中创建的本地 sqlite 数据库）看起来像这样的脚本（我们称该脚本为 db.py）：

from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy import Column, Float, DateTime, Date
from sqlalchemy import create_engine

engine = create_engine('sqlite:///foo.db')
Base = declarative_base()

class Example(Base):
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    temperature = Column(Float)
    humidity = Column(Float)
    .
    .
    # your other variables
    .
    .
    today = Column(Date)
    now = Column(DateTime)
    
if __name__ == '__main__':
    Base.metadata.create_all(engine)

在运行上述脚本之后，在您的脚本（您发布的脚本）中，您必须导入 Example class 并替换您向 excel 与一个你添加一个 Example 对象（在创建它之后）到你的数据库。

import time
import datetime
import bme680
from as7262 import AS7262
from datetime import date
from openpyxl import load_workbook
from db import Example
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker

# create a session for writing to your db
engine = create_engine('sqlite:///foo.db')
Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine)
session = Session()

as7262 = AS7262()

as7262.set_gain(1) # 1, 3.7, 16, 64
as7262.set_integration_time(10) #1 to 255 x 2.8ms exposure
#mode 0 - bank 1 only continuous, mode 1 - bank 2 only continuous, mode 2 - both banks continuous, mode 3 - both banks single read 
as7262.set_measurement_mode(2) #2 all colours continuous
as7262.set_illumination_led_current(12.5) #12.5mA 25mA 50mA 100mA
as7262.set_illumination_led(0)

sensor_bme680 = bme680.BME680()



try:
    while True:

        example_object = Example(
                temperature = round(sensor_bme680.data.temperature, 2),
                humidity = round(sensor_bme680.data.humidity, 2),
                .
                .
                # you other attributes
                .
                .
                today = date.today(),
                now = datetime.datetime.now().time())
        
        # Inform the user!
        print('Adding this data to the spreadsheet:')
        print(today)
        print(now)
        print('{}*C {}hPa {}% {}res microM microM microM microM microM microM'.format(example_object.temperature, example_object.pressure, example_object.humidity, example_object.gas_resistance, example_object.red_light,example_object.orange_light,example_object.yellow_light,example_object.green_light,example_object.blue_light,example_object.violet_light))


        # Add object to database
        session.add(example_object)
        session.commit()

        
        

finally:
    
    print('Goodbye!')

Python 将数据从 I2C 传感器发送到本地 SQL 数据库的代码

Python code to send data from I2C sensor to a local SQL database

python

sql

i2c