使用 matplotlib 和 cx_Freeze 来自 ctypes 的 NotADirectoryError
NotADirectoryError from ctypes with matplotlib and cx_Freeze
我有一个使用 ctypes 和 matplotlib 的脚本。在 python 控制台上一切正常但冻结我从 ctypes 得到一个 NotADirectoryError 即使导入了 matplotlib。
debug.py:
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import ctypes
import matplotlib # produces NotADirectoryError in ctypes.WinDLL()
def main():
dll = ctypes.WinDLL("CSSSM")
if __name__=="__main__":
main()
setup.py:
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from cx_Freeze import setup, Executable
import os, site
[python_dir, site_dir] = site.getsitepackages()
include_files = []
missing_dll = ["msvcr100.dll"]
for dll in missing_dll:
include_files.append((os.path.join(python_dir, dll), dll))
buildOptions_exe = dict(
compressed = False,
includes = ["re"],
include_files = include_files
)
setup(
name = "Debugger",
author = "Name",
version = "0.0.0",
options = dict(build_exe = buildOptions_exe),
executables = [Executable("debug.py"),]
)
冻结脚本的执行：
> build\exe.win32-3.3\debug.exe
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Python\WinPython-32bit-3.3.2.3\python-3.3.2\lib\site-packages\cx_Free
ze\initscripts\Console3.py", line 27, in <module>
exec(code, m.__dict__)
File "debug.py", line 40, in <module>
File "debug.py", line 36, in main
File "C:\Python\WinPython-32bit-3.3.2.3\python-3.3.2\lib\ctypes\__init__.py",
line 353, in __init__
self._handle = _dlopen(self._name, mode)
NotADirectoryError: [WinError 267] The directory name is invalid.
.
编辑： WinDbg，根据 eryksun 的评论，断点在 kernel32!LoadLibraryW。
...
ModLoad: 65630000 65697000 O:\build\exe.win32-3.3\numpy.random.mtrand.pyd
ModLoad: 011e0000 01295000 O:\build\exe.win32-3.3\_hashlib.pyd
(304.898): Break instruction exception - code 80000003 (first chance)
eax=0023f400 ebx=65810815 ecx=00000000 edx=0023f39c esi=0023f2f8 edi=00f04b40
eip=750e3226 esp=0023f2f4 ebp=0023f2fc iopl=0 nv up ei pl nz na po nc
cs=0023 ss=002b ds=002b es=002b fs=0053 gs=002b efl=00200202
*** ERROR: Symbol file could not be found. Defaulted to export symbols for C:\Windows\syswow64\KERNELBASE.dll -
KERNELBASE!DebugBreak+0x2:
750e3226 cc int 3
0:000> bp kernel32!LoadLibraryW
*** WARNING: Unable to verify checksum for O:\build\exe.win32-3.3\_ctypes.pyd
*** ERROR: Symbol file could not be found. Defaulted to export symbols for C:\Windows\syswow64\kernel32.dll -
0:000> g
Breakpoint 0 hit
eax=02c6b940 ebx=1d1a8fc0 ecx=00000000 edx=0000004d esi=00f690a8 edi=00f6e1e8
eip=751548f3 esp=0023f2a4 ebp=0023f2b4 iopl=0 nv up ei pl nz na po nc
cs=0023 ss=002b ds=002b es=002b fs=0053 gs=002b efl=00200202
kernel32!LoadLibraryW:
751548f3 8bff mov edi,edi
0:000> pt
eax=00000000 ebx=1d1a8fc0 ecx=7efdd000 edx=0000010b esi=00f690a8 edi=00f6e1e8
eip=75154905 esp=0023f2a4 ebp=0023f2b4 iopl=0 nv up ei pl zr na pe nc
cs=0023 ss=002b ds=002b es=002b fs=0053 gs=002b efl=00200246
kernel32!LoadLibraryW+0x12:
75154905 c20400 ret 4
0:000> r @eax
eax=00000000
0:000> dt _TEB @$teb LastErrorValue
_ctypes!_TEB
+0x034 LastErrorValue : 0x10b
0:000> g
eax=00000000 ebx=00000001 ecx=00000000 edx=00000000 esi=00000002 edi=003ef2d0
eip=77381f46 esp=0371fcc0 ebp=0371fe20 iopl=0 nv up ei pl zr na pe nc
cs=0023 ss=002b ds=002b es=002b fs=0053 gs=002b efl=00000246
ntdll!NtWaitForWorkViaWorkerFactory+0x12:
77381f46 83c404 add esp,4
.
编辑 2： WinDbg，根据 eryksun 的评论，断点在 ntdll!LdrLoadDll。
...
ModLoad: 63570000 635d7000 O:\build\exe.win32-3.3\numpy.random.mtrand.pyd
ModLoad: 02170000 02225000 O:\build\exe.win32-3.3\_hashlib.pyd
(8e4.161c): Break instruction exception - code 80000003 (first chance)
eax=006af9b0 ebx=636e0815 ecx=00000000 edx=006af94c esi=006af8a8 edi=02754b40
eip=75f73226 esp=006af8a4 ebp=006af8ac iopl=0 nv up ei pl nz na po nc
cs=0023 ss=002b ds=002b es=002b fs=0053 gs=002b efl=00200202
*** ERROR: Symbol file could not be found. Defaulted to export symbols for C:\Windows\syswow64\KERNELBASE.dll -
KERNELBASE!DebugBreak+0x2:
75f73226 cc int 3
0:000> bp ntdll!LdrLoadDll
*** WARNING: Unable to verify checksum for O:\build\exe.win32-3.3\_ctypes.pyd
0:000> g
Breakpoint 0 hit
eax=006af850 ebx=00000000 ecx=75fa182c edx=00000001 esi=00000000 edi=773f7da3
eip=773fc4dd esp=006af810 ebp=006af848 iopl=0 nv up ei pl zr na pe nc
cs=0023 ss=002b ds=002b es=002b fs=0053 gs=002b efl=00200246
ntdll!LdrLoadDll:
773fc4dd 8bff mov edi,edi
0:000> pt
eax=c0000103 ebx=00000000 ecx=774243d3 edx=00000000 esi=00000000 edi=773f7da3
eip=773fc596 esp=006af810 ebp=006af848 iopl=0 nv up ei pl zr na pe nc
cs=0023 ss=002b ds=002b es=002b fs=0053 gs=002b efl=00200246
ntdll!LdrLoadDll+0xb9:
773fc596 c21000 ret 10h
0:000> r @eax
eax=c0000103
0:000> dt _TEB @$teb
*** ERROR: Symbol file could not be found. Defaulted to export symbols for C:\Windows\syswow64\kernel32.dll -
_ctypes!_TEB
+0x000 NtTib : _NT_TIB
+0x01c EnvironmentPointer : (null)
+0x020 ClientId : _CLIENT_ID
+0x028 ActiveRpcHandle : (null)
+0x02c ThreadLocalStoragePointer : 0x7efdd02c Void
+0x030 ProcessEnvironmentBlock : 0x7efde000 _PEB
+0x034 LastErrorValue : 0
+0x038 CountOfOwnedCriticalSections : 0
+0x03c CsrClientThread : (null)
+0x040 Win32ThreadInfo : (null)
+0x044 User32Reserved : [26] 0
+0x0ac UserReserved : [5] 0
+0x0c0 WOW32Reserved : 0x74882320 Void
+0x0c4 CurrentLocale : 0x407
+0x0c8 FpSoftwareStatusRegister : 0
+0x0cc SystemReserved1 : [54] (null)
+0x1a4 ExceptionCode : 0n0
+0x1a8 ActivationContextStack : _ACTIVATION_CONTEXT_STACK
+0x1bc SpareBytes1 : [24] ""
+0x1d4 GdiTebBatch : _GDI_TEB_BATCH
+0x6b4 RealClientId : _CLIENT_ID
+0x6bc GdiCachedProcessHandle : (null)
+0x6c0 GdiClientPID : 0
+0x6c4 GdiClientTID : 0
+0x6c8 GdiThreadLocalInfo : (null)
+0x6cc Win32ClientInfo : [62] 0
+0x7c4 glDispatchTable : [233] (null)
+0xb68 glReserved1 : [29] 0
+0xbdc glReserved2 : (null)
+0xbe0 glSectionInfo : (null)
+0xbe4 glSection : (null)
+0xbe8 glTable : (null)
+0xbec glCurrentRC : (null)
+0xbf0 glContext : (null)
+0xbf4 LastStatusValue : 0xc0000103
+0xbf8 StaticUnicodeString : _UNICODE_STRING ""
+0xc00 StaticUnicodeBuffer : [261] ""
+0xe0c DeallocationStack : 0x005b0000 Void
+0xe10 TlsSlots : [64] (null)
+0xf10 TlsLinks : _LIST_ENTRY [ 0x0 - 0x0 ]
+0xf18 Vdm : (null)
+0xf1c ReservedForNtRpc : 0x0095c7a8 Void
+0xf20 DbgSsReserved : [2] (null)
+0xf28 HardErrorMode : 0
+0xf2c Instrumentation : [16] (null)
+0xf6c WinSockData : (null)
+0xf70 GdiBatchCount : 0x7efdb000
+0xf74 InDbgPrint : 0 ''
+0xf75 FreeStackOnTermination : 0 ''
+0xf76 HasFiberData : 0 ''
+0xf77 IdealProcessor : 0 ''
+0xf78 Spare3 : 0
+0xf7c ReservedForPerf : (null)
+0xf80 ReservedForOle : (null)
+0xf84 WaitingOnLoaderLock : 0
+0xf88 Wx86Thread : _Wx86ThreadState
+0xf94 TlsExpansionSlots : (null)
+0xf98 ImpersonationLocale : 0
+0xf9c IsImpersonating : 0
+0xfa0 NlsCache : (null)
+0xfa4 pShimData : (null)
+0xfa8 HeapVirtualAffinity : 0
+0xfac CurrentTransactionHandle : (null)
+0xfb0 ActiveFrame : (null)
+0xfb4 FlsData : 0x009558f8 Void
导入的 matplotlib（尤其是它导入的 numpy）在冻结脚本中将 OSError: The specified module could not be found 从 ctypes 更改为 NotADirectoryError: [WinError 267] The directory name is invalid。
就是这样。如果安装了 DLL，一切正常。如果未导入 matplotlib，您也会在冻结脚本中得到一个 OSError: The specified module could not be found。但是如果导入了 matplotlib 并且脚本被冻结，那么 OSError: The specified module could not be found 就会变成奇怪的 NotADirectoryError: [WinError 267] The directory name is invalid.
我有一个使用 ctypes 和 matplotlib 的脚本。在 python 控制台上一切正常但冻结我从 ctypes 得到一个 NotADirectoryError 即使导入了 matplotlib。
debug.py:
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import ctypes
import matplotlib # produces NotADirectoryError in ctypes.WinDLL()
def main():
dll = ctypes.WinDLL("CSSSM")
if __name__=="__main__":
main()
setup.py:
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from cx_Freeze import setup, Executable
import os, site
[python_dir, site_dir] = site.getsitepackages()
include_files = []
missing_dll = ["msvcr100.dll"]
for dll in missing_dll:
include_files.append((os.path.join(python_dir, dll), dll))
buildOptions_exe = dict(
compressed = False,
includes = ["re"],
include_files = include_files
)
setup(
name = "Debugger",
author = "Name",
version = "0.0.0",
options = dict(build_exe = buildOptions_exe),
executables = [Executable("debug.py"),]
)
冻结脚本的执行：
> build\exe.win32-3.3\debug.exe
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Python\WinPython-32bit-3.3.2.3\python-3.3.2\lib\site-packages\cx_Free
ze\initscripts\Console3.py", line 27, in <module>
exec(code, m.__dict__)
File "debug.py", line 40, in <module>
File "debug.py", line 36, in main
File "C:\Python\WinPython-32bit-3.3.2.3\python-3.3.2\lib\ctypes\__init__.py",
line 353, in __init__
self._handle = _dlopen(self._name, mode)
NotADirectoryError: [WinError 267] The directory name is invalid.
.
编辑： WinDbg，根据 eryksun 的评论，断点在 kernel32!LoadLibraryW。
...
ModLoad: 65630000 65697000 O:\build\exe.win32-3.3\numpy.random.mtrand.pyd
ModLoad: 011e0000 01295000 O:\build\exe.win32-3.3\_hashlib.pyd
(304.898): Break instruction exception - code 80000003 (first chance)
eax=0023f400 ebx=65810815 ecx=00000000 edx=0023f39c esi=0023f2f8 edi=00f04b40
eip=750e3226 esp=0023f2f4 ebp=0023f2fc iopl=0 nv up ei pl nz na po nc
cs=0023 ss=002b ds=002b es=002b fs=0053 gs=002b efl=00200202
*** ERROR: Symbol file could not be found. Defaulted to export symbols for C:\Windows\syswow64\KERNELBASE.dll -
KERNELBASE!DebugBreak+0x2:
750e3226 cc int 3
0:000> bp kernel32!LoadLibraryW
*** WARNING: Unable to verify checksum for O:\build\exe.win32-3.3\_ctypes.pyd
*** ERROR: Symbol file could not be found. Defaulted to export symbols for C:\Windows\syswow64\kernel32.dll -
0:000> g
Breakpoint 0 hit
eax=02c6b940 ebx=1d1a8fc0 ecx=00000000 edx=0000004d esi=00f690a8 edi=00f6e1e8
eip=751548f3 esp=0023f2a4 ebp=0023f2b4 iopl=0 nv up ei pl nz na po nc
cs=0023 ss=002b ds=002b es=002b fs=0053 gs=002b efl=00200202
kernel32!LoadLibraryW:
751548f3 8bff mov edi,edi
0:000> pt
eax=00000000 ebx=1d1a8fc0 ecx=7efdd000 edx=0000010b esi=00f690a8 edi=00f6e1e8
eip=75154905 esp=0023f2a4 ebp=0023f2b4 iopl=0 nv up ei pl zr na pe nc
cs=0023 ss=002b ds=002b es=002b fs=0053 gs=002b efl=00200246
kernel32!LoadLibraryW+0x12:
75154905 c20400 ret 4
0:000> r @eax
eax=00000000
0:000> dt _TEB @$teb LastErrorValue
_ctypes!_TEB
+0x034 LastErrorValue : 0x10b
0:000> g
eax=00000000 ebx=00000001 ecx=00000000 edx=00000000 esi=00000002 edi=003ef2d0
eip=77381f46 esp=0371fcc0 ebp=0371fe20 iopl=0 nv up ei pl zr na pe nc
cs=0023 ss=002b ds=002b es=002b fs=0053 gs=002b efl=00000246
ntdll!NtWaitForWorkViaWorkerFactory+0x12:
77381f46 83c404 add esp,4
.
编辑 2： WinDbg，根据 eryksun 的评论，断点在 ntdll!LdrLoadDll。
...
ModLoad: 63570000 635d7000 O:\build\exe.win32-3.3\numpy.random.mtrand.pyd
ModLoad: 02170000 02225000 O:\build\exe.win32-3.3\_hashlib.pyd
(8e4.161c): Break instruction exception - code 80000003 (first chance)
eax=006af9b0 ebx=636e0815 ecx=00000000 edx=006af94c esi=006af8a8 edi=02754b40
eip=75f73226 esp=006af8a4 ebp=006af8ac iopl=0 nv up ei pl nz na po nc
cs=0023 ss=002b ds=002b es=002b fs=0053 gs=002b efl=00200202
*** ERROR: Symbol file could not be found. Defaulted to export symbols for C:\Windows\syswow64\KERNELBASE.dll -
KERNELBASE!DebugBreak+0x2:
75f73226 cc int 3
0:000> bp ntdll!LdrLoadDll
*** WARNING: Unable to verify checksum for O:\build\exe.win32-3.3\_ctypes.pyd
0:000> g
Breakpoint 0 hit
eax=006af850 ebx=00000000 ecx=75fa182c edx=00000001 esi=00000000 edi=773f7da3
eip=773fc4dd esp=006af810 ebp=006af848 iopl=0 nv up ei pl zr na pe nc
cs=0023 ss=002b ds=002b es=002b fs=0053 gs=002b efl=00200246
ntdll!LdrLoadDll:
773fc4dd 8bff mov edi,edi
0:000> pt
eax=c0000103 ebx=00000000 ecx=774243d3 edx=00000000 esi=00000000 edi=773f7da3
eip=773fc596 esp=006af810 ebp=006af848 iopl=0 nv up ei pl zr na pe nc
cs=0023 ss=002b ds=002b es=002b fs=0053 gs=002b efl=00200246
ntdll!LdrLoadDll+0xb9:
773fc596 c21000 ret 10h
0:000> r @eax
eax=c0000103
0:000> dt _TEB @$teb
*** ERROR: Symbol file could not be found. Defaulted to export symbols for C:\Windows\syswow64\kernel32.dll -
_ctypes!_TEB
+0x000 NtTib : _NT_TIB
+0x01c EnvironmentPointer : (null)
+0x020 ClientId : _CLIENT_ID
+0x028 ActiveRpcHandle : (null)
+0x02c ThreadLocalStoragePointer : 0x7efdd02c Void
+0x030 ProcessEnvironmentBlock : 0x7efde000 _PEB
+0x034 LastErrorValue : 0
+0x038 CountOfOwnedCriticalSections : 0
+0x03c CsrClientThread : (null)
+0x040 Win32ThreadInfo : (null)
+0x044 User32Reserved : [26] 0
+0x0ac UserReserved : [5] 0
+0x0c0 WOW32Reserved : 0x74882320 Void
+0x0c4 CurrentLocale : 0x407
+0x0c8 FpSoftwareStatusRegister : 0
+0x0cc SystemReserved1 : [54] (null)
+0x1a4 ExceptionCode : 0n0
+0x1a8 ActivationContextStack : _ACTIVATION_CONTEXT_STACK
+0x1bc SpareBytes1 : [24] ""
+0x1d4 GdiTebBatch : _GDI_TEB_BATCH
+0x6b4 RealClientId : _CLIENT_ID
+0x6bc GdiCachedProcessHandle : (null)
+0x6c0 GdiClientPID : 0
+0x6c4 GdiClientTID : 0
+0x6c8 GdiThreadLocalInfo : (null)
+0x6cc Win32ClientInfo : [62] 0
+0x7c4 glDispatchTable : [233] (null)
+0xb68 glReserved1 : [29] 0
+0xbdc glReserved2 : (null)
+0xbe0 glSectionInfo : (null)
+0xbe4 glSection : (null)
+0xbe8 glTable : (null)
+0xbec glCurrentRC : (null)
+0xbf0 glContext : (null)
+0xbf4 LastStatusValue : 0xc0000103
+0xbf8 StaticUnicodeString : _UNICODE_STRING ""
+0xc00 StaticUnicodeBuffer : [261] ""
+0xe0c DeallocationStack : 0x005b0000 Void
+0xe10 TlsSlots : [64] (null)
+0xf10 TlsLinks : _LIST_ENTRY [ 0x0 - 0x0 ]
+0xf18 Vdm : (null)
+0xf1c ReservedForNtRpc : 0x0095c7a8 Void
+0xf20 DbgSsReserved : [2] (null)
+0xf28 HardErrorMode : 0
+0xf2c Instrumentation : [16] (null)
+0xf6c WinSockData : (null)
+0xf70 GdiBatchCount : 0x7efdb000
+0xf74 InDbgPrint : 0 ''
+0xf75 FreeStackOnTermination : 0 ''
+0xf76 HasFiberData : 0 ''
+0xf77 IdealProcessor : 0 ''
+0xf78 Spare3 : 0
+0xf7c ReservedForPerf : (null)
+0xf80 ReservedForOle : (null)
+0xf84 WaitingOnLoaderLock : 0
+0xf88 Wx86Thread : _Wx86ThreadState
+0xf94 TlsExpansionSlots : (null)
+0xf98 ImpersonationLocale : 0
+0xf9c IsImpersonating : 0
+0xfa0 NlsCache : (null)
+0xfa4 pShimData : (null)
+0xfa8 HeapVirtualAffinity : 0
+0xfac CurrentTransactionHandle : (null)
+0xfb0 ActiveFrame : (null)
+0xfb4 FlsData : 0x009558f8 Void
导入的 matplotlib（尤其是它导入的 numpy）在冻结脚本中将 OSError: The specified module could not be found 从 ctypes 更改为 NotADirectoryError: [WinError 267] The directory name is invalid。
就是这样。如果安装了 DLL，一切正常。如果未导入 matplotlib，您也会在冻结脚本中得到一个 OSError: The specified module could not be found。但是如果导入了 matplotlib 并且脚本被冻结，那么 OSError: The specified module could not be found 就会变成奇怪的 NotADirectoryError: [WinError 267] The directory name is invalid.