LaTeX：拆分和聚集环境

Question

我想在多行上拆分一个在聚集环境中包含 tikzpicture 的方程式。我曾尝试使用对齐和拆分环境，但都没有用...

这是一个工作示例，其中等式位于一条直线上：

\documentclass[12pt]{article}

\usepackage{amssymb}
% !TEX program = lualatex
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{mathtools}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[compat=1.1.0]{tikz-feynman}

\begin{document}

\begin{equation}
        2\Im\left(F(q^2)\right) =
    \begin{gathered}
        \scalebox{0.7}{
            \begin{tikzpicture}
                \begin{feynman}
                  \vertex (i1) {\(s\)};
                  \vertex [right=of i1] (a);
                  \vertex [right=of a]  (b);
                  \vertex [right=of b]  (i2);
                    \diagram* {
                      i1 -- a --[half left] b -- i2,
                      b --[half left, double] a,
                    };

                    %% Find the midpoint which is halfway between a and b
                    \coordinate (midpoint) at ($(a)!0.5!(b)$);
                    %% Draw a line starting 2 units above the midpoint, and
                    %% ending 2 units below the midpoints
                    \draw [dashed] ($(midpoint) + (0, 0.8)$) -- ($(midpoint) + (0,-0.8)$);
                \end{feynman}
            \end{tikzpicture}
          }
   \end{gathered}
    = \int\frac{\,d^d k}{i\pi^{d/2}} \left[2\pi i\: \theta(k^0)\delta(k^2-m^2)\right]\left[2\pi i\: \theta(q^0-k^0)\delta((q-k)^2)\right]%
\end{equation}

\end{document}

这是我想做的事情

\documentclass[12pt]{article}

\usepackage{amssymb}
% !TEX program = lualatex
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{mathtools}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[compat=1.1.0]{tikz-feynman}

\begin{document}

\begin{equation}
    \begin{split}
        2\Im\left(F(q^2)\right) &=
    \begin{gathered}
        \scalebox{0.7}{
            \begin{tikzpicture}
                \begin{feynman}
                  \vertex (i1) {\(s\)};
                  \vertex [right=of i1] (a);
                  \vertex [right=of a]  (b);
                  \vertex [right=of b]  (i2);
                    \diagram* {
                      i1 -- a --[half left] b -- i2,
                      b --[half left, double] a,
                    };

                    %% Find the midpoint which is halfway between a and b
                    \coordinate (midpoint) at ($(a)!0.5!(b)$);
                    %% Draw a line starting 2 units above the midpoint, and
                    %% ending 2 units below the midpoints
                    \draw [dashed] ($(midpoint) + (0, 0.8)$) -- ($(midpoint) + (0,-0.8)$);
                \end{feynman}
            \end{tikzpicture}
          }
   \end{gathered}\
    &= \int\frac{\,d^d k}{i\pi^{d/2}} \left[2\pi i\: \theta(k^0)\delta(k^2-m^2)\right]\left[2\pi i\: \theta(q^0-k^0)\delta((q-k)^2)\right]%
\end{split}
\end{equation}

\end{document}

后者returns在split环境下聚集导致的错误

你们知道解决我的问题的方法吗？

Answer 1

我不清楚你想要的结果到底应该是什么样子，但我认为这应该大致是你想要的：

\documentclass[12pt]{article}

\usepackage{amssymb}
% !TEX program = lualatex
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{mathtools}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[compat=1.1.0]{tikz-feynman}

\begin{document}

\begin{align}
    2\Im\left(F(q^2)\right) &=
    \parbox{0.5\linewidth}{%
        \scalebox{0.7}{
            \begin{tikzpicture}
                \begin{feynman}
                  \vertex (i1) {\(s\)};
                  \vertex [right=of i1] (a);
                  \vertex [right=of a]  (b);
                  \vertex [right=of b]  (i2);
                    \diagram* {
                      i1 -- a --[half left] b -- i2,
                      b --[half left, double] a,
                    };
                    %% Find the midpoint which is halfway between a and b
                    \coordinate (midpoint) at ($(a)!0.5!(b)$);
                    %% Draw a line starting 2 units above the midpoint, and
                    %% ending 2 units below the midpoints
                    \draw [dashed] ($(midpoint) + (0, 0.8)$) -- ($(midpoint) + (0,-0.8)$);
                \end{feynman}
            \end{tikzpicture}
          }
     } \ 
     &= \int\frac{\,d^d k}{i\pi^{d/2}} \left[2\pi i\: \theta(k^0)\delta(k^2-m^2)\right]\left[2\pi i\: \theta(q^0-k^0)\delta((q-k)^2)\right] \notag
\end{align}

\end{document}

结果如下：

LaTeX：拆分和聚集环境

LaTeX: Split and gathered environment

latex

tikz

amsmath