Unix

Question

任何人都知道一种方法（在 RHEL7 和 AIX5 上工作）来制作一个在 /bin/bash 或 /bin/ksh 上运行的脚本，以使用 grep 在文本文件中搜索 1 个或多个字符串（或另一个函数），将结果放入一个变量中，但在该变量中每次出现的末尾都有一个字符串“\\n”？

例如：

TextFile1.txt

[root@server ~]$ cat TextFile1.txt
aby ORA-3120: unable to xx
sxyy  unable to aa
sxyy ORA-3120: unable to aa
ytxy  unable to bb
y41y  unable to dd
yanby  unable to ff
ytxy ORA-3120: unable to bb
y41y ORA-3120: unable to dd
y124gby  unable to gg
yanby ORA-3120: unable to ff
aby  unable to xx
y124gby ORA-3120: unable to gg

Simple Grep

[root@server ~]$ cat TextFile1.txt | grep "ORA-"
aby ORA-3120: unable to xx
sxyy ORA-3120: unable to aa
ytxy ORA-3120: unable to bb
y41y ORA-3120: unable to dd
yanby ORA-3120: unable to ff
y124gby ORA-3120: unable to gg

Put the results in a variable

[root@server ~]$ aa=$(cat TextFile1.txt | grep "ORA-")

[root@server ~]$ echo $aa
aby ORA-3120: unable to xx sxyy ORA-3120: unable to aa ytxy ORA-3120: unable to bb y41y ORA-3120: unable to dd yanby ORA-3120: unable to ff y124gby ORA-3120: unable to gg

想要的结果：

[root@server ~]$ echo $aa

\\n aby ORA-3120: 无法 xx \\n sxy ORA-3120: 无法 aa \\n ytxy ORA-3120: 无法 bb \\n y41y ORA-3120: 无法 dd \\n yanby ORA-3120: 无法 ff \\n y124gby ORA-3120: 无法 gg \\n

提前感谢您的帮助和提示

Answer 1

一个快速的解决方案是使用 awk：

aa=$(cat TextFile1.txt | grep "ORA-"| awk '{print [=10=] "\n"}')

Answer 2

有很多方法可以做到这一点。这里有两个：

管道 grep 的输出到 sed:

aa=$(echo " \\n"; grep "ORA-" TextFile1.txt | sed 's/\(.*\)/ \\n/')

输出：

$ aa=$(echo " \\n"; grep "ORA-" TextFile1.txt | sed 's/\(.*\)/ \\n/')
$ echo $aa
\n aby ORA-3120: unable to xx \n sxyy ORA-3120: unable to aa \n ytxy ORA-3120: unable to bb \n y41y ORA-3120: unable to dd \n yanby ORA-3120: unable to ff \n y124gby ORA-3120: unable to gg \n
$

管道 grep 的输出到 awk:

aa=$(echo " \\n"; grep "ORA-" TextFile1.txt | awk '{print [=12=] " \\n"}')

输出：

$ aa=$(echo " \\n"; grep "ORA-" TextFile1.txt | awk '{print [=13=] " \\n"}')
$ echo $aa
\n aby ORA-3120: unable to xx \n sxyy ORA-3120: unable to aa \n ytxy ORA-3120: unable to bb \n y41y ORA-3120: unable to dd \n yanby ORA-3120: unable to ff \n y124gby ORA-3120: unable to gg \n

Answer 3

正如您在 echo "$aa" 中看到的（使用双引号避免 bash 吃掉换行符），每一行都已经以换行符结尾。
当您确定不需要双引号时，只需在每行末尾添加：

aa=$(cat TextFile1.txt | grep "ORA-" | sed 's/$/\\n/')

Unix - 在 grep 结果行之间添加字符串

Unix - Add string between grep resulted lines

grep

aix