如何使用 tkinter 和 matplotlib 在标签框中绘制图形？
How to plot a graph in a labelframe using tkinter and matplotlib?
我正在使用 tkinter 和 matplotlib 制作一个简单的 GUI。我想在 LabelFrame 内绘制，但是当我尝试使用新条目再次绘制时，它会将新图与旧图重叠。我怎样才能只绘制最后一张图？我几乎可以肯定问题出在最后几行代码或我声明框架的方式上。我的计划是制作一个包含更多图表的 window，每个图表都在自己的框架中。
这是我厌烦的内容：
from tkinter import *
import tkinter as Tk
from tkinter import ttk
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
def main():
root = Tk.Tk()
gui = Window(root)
gui.root.mainloop()
return None
class Window:
def __init__(self,root):
self.root = root
self.root.title("Overpressure Estimation")
self.root.geometry('1400x500')
parameters_frame =LabelFrame(self.root, text="Blast parameters", padx=20,pady=20)
parameters_frame.pack(padx=1,pady=1)
self.parameters_frame = parameters_frame
graph_frame =LabelFrame(self.root, text="Graphs", padx=20,pady=20)
graph_frame.pack(padx=10,pady=10)
self.graph_frame = graph_frame
self.charge = 100
self.distance = 100
self.kasite = 516
self.asite = -1.45
charge = Label(self.parameters_frame , text = "Charge Q (Kg)")
self.charge_entry = Entry(self.parameters_frame , width = 15)
self.charge_entry.grid(row=0, column=1)
charge.grid(row=0, column=0)
distance = Label(self.parameters_frame , text = "Distance (m)")
self.distance_entry = Entry(self.parameters_frame , width = 15)
self.distance_entry.grid(row=1, column=1)
distance.grid(row=1, column=0)
kasite = Label(self.parameters_frame , text = "Site constant (K)")
self.kasite_entry = Entry(self.parameters_frame , width = 15)
self.kasite_entry.grid(row=2, column=1)
kasite.grid(row=2, column=0)
asite = Label(parameters_frame , text = "Site exponent (a)")
self.asite_entry = Entry(self.parameters_frame , width = 15)
self.asite_entry.grid(row=3, column=1)
asite.grid(row=3, column=0)
button1 = Button(self.parameters_frame, text = "Calculate",command = self.update_values)
parameters_frame.bind("<Return>", self.update_values)
self.plot_values()
button1.grid(row=5, column=1)
pass
def update_values(self, event=None):
self.charge = int(self.charge_entry.get())
self.distance = int(self.distance_entry.get())
self.kasite = int(self.kasite_entry.get())
self.asite = float(self.asite_entry.get())
self.plot_values()
return None
pass
def plot_values(self):
# GRAPH
z1 = [np.round(10 * np.log10((((((i/(self.charge**(1/3)))**self.asite) * self.kasite)/(0.00002))**2)),0)
for i in np.arange(0.1,self.distance + 1) ]
line_1 = [120 for i in range(1,self.distance + 1)]
line_2 = [125 for i in range(1,self.distance + 1)]
line_3 = [133 for i in range(1,self.distance + 1)]
x1 = np.arange(1, self.distance + 1)
figure1 = plt.figure(figsize = (6,5), dpi = 100)
figure1.add_subplot(111)
plt.plot(z1,label="Decay Curve")
plt.plot(x1, line_3,'b--',label="130 dbL: Maximum for Structural Damage Level" )
plt.plot(x1, line_2,'r--',label="125 dbL: Maximum for Human Comfort Level" )
plt.plot(x1, line_1,'g--',label="120 dbL: Annoying" )
plt.legend()
plt.xlabel('Distance (m)')
plt.ylabel('Sound Pressure Level(dBL)',labelpad=1)
plt.title('SPL DECAY')
plt.xscale('log')
plt.grid(True, which="both", ls="-")
chart = FigureCanvasTkAgg(figure1,self.graph_frame)
chart.get_tk_widget().pack()
return None
pass
main()
你可以试试这个：
from tkinter import *
import tkinter as Tk
from tkinter import ttk
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
def main():
root = Tk.Tk()
gui = Window(root)
gui.root.mainloop()
return None
class Window:
def __init__(self,root):
self.root = root
self.root.title("Overpressure Estimation")
self.root.geometry('1400x500')
parameters_frame =LabelFrame(self.root, text="Blast parameters", padx=20,pady=20)
parameters_frame.pack(padx=1,pady=1)
self.parameters_frame = parameters_frame
graph_frame =LabelFrame(self.root, text="Graphs", padx=20,pady=20)
graph_frame.pack(padx=10,pady=10)
self.graph_frame = graph_frame
self.charge = 100
self.distance = 100
self.kasite = 516
self.asite = -1.45
charge = Label(self.parameters_frame , text = "Charge Q (Kg)")
self.charge_entry = Entry(self.parameters_frame , width = 15)
self.charge_entry.grid(row=0, column=1)
self.charge_entry.insert(0,7)
charge.grid(row=0, column=0)
distance = Label(self.parameters_frame , text = "Distance (m)")
self.distance_entry = Entry(self.parameters_frame , width = 15)
self.distance_entry.grid(row=1, column=1)
distance.grid(row=1, column=0)
self.distance_entry.insert(0,7)
kasite = Label(self.parameters_frame , text = "Site constant (K)")
self.kasite_entry = Entry(self.parameters_frame , width = 15)
self.kasite_entry.grid(row=2, column=1)
kasite.grid(row=2, column=0)
self.kasite_entry.insert(0,7)
asite = Label(parameters_frame , text = "Site exponent (a)")
self.asite_entry = Entry(self.parameters_frame , width = 15)
self.asite_entry.grid(row=3, column=1)
asite.grid(row=3, column=0)
self.asite_entry.insert(0,7)
button1 = Button(self.parameters_frame, text = "Calculate",command = self.update_values)
parameters_frame.bind("<Return>", self.update_values)
button1.grid(row=5, column=1)
self.test()
frame=Frame(self.graph_frame)
frame.pack()
self.frame=frame
chart = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self.figure1,self.frame)
chart.get_tk_widget().pack()
self.chart =chart
def update_values(self, event=None):
self.charge = int(self.charge_entry.get())
self.distance = int(self.distance_entry.get())
self.kasite = int(self.kasite_entry.get())
self.asite = float(self.asite_entry.get())
self.plot_values()
return None
def test(self):
z1 = [np.round(10 * np.log10((((((i/(self.charge**(1/3)))**self.asite) * self.kasite)/(0.00002))**2)),0) for i in np.arange(0.1,self.distance + 1) ]
line_1 = [120 for i in range(1,self.distance + 1)]
line_2 = [125 for i in range(1,self.distance + 1)]
line_3 = [133 for i in range(1,self.distance + 1)]
x1 = np.arange(1, self.distance + 1)
figure1 = plt.figure(figsize = (6,5), dpi = 100)
figure1.add_subplot(111)
self.figure1=figure1
plt.plot(z1,label="Decay Curve")
plt.plot(x1, line_3,'b--',label="130 dbL: Maximum for Structural Damage Level" )
plt.plot(x1, line_2,'r--',label="125 dbL: Maximum for Human Comfort Level" )
plt.plot(x1, line_1,'g--',label="120 dbL: Annoying" )
plt.legend()
plt.xlabel('Distance (m)')
plt.ylabel('Sound Pressure Level(dBL)',labelpad=1)
plt.title('SPL DECAY')
plt.xscale('log')
plt.grid(True, which="both", ls="-")
def plot_values(self):
self.test()
self.frame.destroy()
frame=Frame(self.graph_frame)
frame.pack()
self.frame=frame
chart = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self.figure1,self.frame)
chart.get_tk_widget().pack()
return None
pass
main()
我们做了一些技巧，我们已经将新框架作为 FigureCanvasTkAgg 的父框架，如果我们必须创建新的 FigureCanvasTkAgg 那么我们可以销毁父框架并创建新的 Frame 和 FigureCanvasTkAgg
我正在使用 tkinter 和 matplotlib 制作一个简单的 GUI。我想在 LabelFrame 内绘制，但是当我尝试使用新条目再次绘制时，它会将新图与旧图重叠。我怎样才能只绘制最后一张图？我几乎可以肯定问题出在最后几行代码或我声明框架的方式上。我的计划是制作一个包含更多图表的 window，每个图表都在自己的框架中。
这是我厌烦的内容：
from tkinter import *
import tkinter as Tk
from tkinter import ttk
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
def main():
root = Tk.Tk()
gui = Window(root)
gui.root.mainloop()
return None
class Window:
def __init__(self,root):
self.root = root
self.root.title("Overpressure Estimation")
self.root.geometry('1400x500')
parameters_frame =LabelFrame(self.root, text="Blast parameters", padx=20,pady=20)
parameters_frame.pack(padx=1,pady=1)
self.parameters_frame = parameters_frame
graph_frame =LabelFrame(self.root, text="Graphs", padx=20,pady=20)
graph_frame.pack(padx=10,pady=10)
self.graph_frame = graph_frame
self.charge = 100
self.distance = 100
self.kasite = 516
self.asite = -1.45
charge = Label(self.parameters_frame , text = "Charge Q (Kg)")
self.charge_entry = Entry(self.parameters_frame , width = 15)
self.charge_entry.grid(row=0, column=1)
charge.grid(row=0, column=0)
distance = Label(self.parameters_frame , text = "Distance (m)")
self.distance_entry = Entry(self.parameters_frame , width = 15)
self.distance_entry.grid(row=1, column=1)
distance.grid(row=1, column=0)
kasite = Label(self.parameters_frame , text = "Site constant (K)")
self.kasite_entry = Entry(self.parameters_frame , width = 15)
self.kasite_entry.grid(row=2, column=1)
kasite.grid(row=2, column=0)
asite = Label(parameters_frame , text = "Site exponent (a)")
self.asite_entry = Entry(self.parameters_frame , width = 15)
self.asite_entry.grid(row=3, column=1)
asite.grid(row=3, column=0)
button1 = Button(self.parameters_frame, text = "Calculate",command = self.update_values)
parameters_frame.bind("<Return>", self.update_values)
self.plot_values()
button1.grid(row=5, column=1)
pass
def update_values(self, event=None):
self.charge = int(self.charge_entry.get())
self.distance = int(self.distance_entry.get())
self.kasite = int(self.kasite_entry.get())
self.asite = float(self.asite_entry.get())
self.plot_values()
return None
pass
def plot_values(self):
# GRAPH
z1 = [np.round(10 * np.log10((((((i/(self.charge**(1/3)))**self.asite) * self.kasite)/(0.00002))**2)),0)
for i in np.arange(0.1,self.distance + 1) ]
line_1 = [120 for i in range(1,self.distance + 1)]
line_2 = [125 for i in range(1,self.distance + 1)]
line_3 = [133 for i in range(1,self.distance + 1)]
x1 = np.arange(1, self.distance + 1)
figure1 = plt.figure(figsize = (6,5), dpi = 100)
figure1.add_subplot(111)
plt.plot(z1,label="Decay Curve")
plt.plot(x1, line_3,'b--',label="130 dbL: Maximum for Structural Damage Level" )
plt.plot(x1, line_2,'r--',label="125 dbL: Maximum for Human Comfort Level" )
plt.plot(x1, line_1,'g--',label="120 dbL: Annoying" )
plt.legend()
plt.xlabel('Distance (m)')
plt.ylabel('Sound Pressure Level(dBL)',labelpad=1)
plt.title('SPL DECAY')
plt.xscale('log')
plt.grid(True, which="both", ls="-")
chart = FigureCanvasTkAgg(figure1,self.graph_frame)
chart.get_tk_widget().pack()
return None
pass
main()
你可以试试这个：
from tkinter import *
import tkinter as Tk
from tkinter import ttk
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
def main():
root = Tk.Tk()
gui = Window(root)
gui.root.mainloop()
return None
class Window:
def __init__(self,root):
self.root = root
self.root.title("Overpressure Estimation")
self.root.geometry('1400x500')
parameters_frame =LabelFrame(self.root, text="Blast parameters", padx=20,pady=20)
parameters_frame.pack(padx=1,pady=1)
self.parameters_frame = parameters_frame
graph_frame =LabelFrame(self.root, text="Graphs", padx=20,pady=20)
graph_frame.pack(padx=10,pady=10)
self.graph_frame = graph_frame
self.charge = 100
self.distance = 100
self.kasite = 516
self.asite = -1.45
charge = Label(self.parameters_frame , text = "Charge Q (Kg)")
self.charge_entry = Entry(self.parameters_frame , width = 15)
self.charge_entry.grid(row=0, column=1)
self.charge_entry.insert(0,7)
charge.grid(row=0, column=0)
distance = Label(self.parameters_frame , text = "Distance (m)")
self.distance_entry = Entry(self.parameters_frame , width = 15)
self.distance_entry.grid(row=1, column=1)
distance.grid(row=1, column=0)
self.distance_entry.insert(0,7)
kasite = Label(self.parameters_frame , text = "Site constant (K)")
self.kasite_entry = Entry(self.parameters_frame , width = 15)
self.kasite_entry.grid(row=2, column=1)
kasite.grid(row=2, column=0)
self.kasite_entry.insert(0,7)
asite = Label(parameters_frame , text = "Site exponent (a)")
self.asite_entry = Entry(self.parameters_frame , width = 15)
self.asite_entry.grid(row=3, column=1)
asite.grid(row=3, column=0)
self.asite_entry.insert(0,7)
button1 = Button(self.parameters_frame, text = "Calculate",command = self.update_values)
parameters_frame.bind("<Return>", self.update_values)
button1.grid(row=5, column=1)
self.test()
frame=Frame(self.graph_frame)
frame.pack()
self.frame=frame
chart = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self.figure1,self.frame)
chart.get_tk_widget().pack()
self.chart =chart
def update_values(self, event=None):
self.charge = int(self.charge_entry.get())
self.distance = int(self.distance_entry.get())
self.kasite = int(self.kasite_entry.get())
self.asite = float(self.asite_entry.get())
self.plot_values()
return None
def test(self):
z1 = [np.round(10 * np.log10((((((i/(self.charge**(1/3)))**self.asite) * self.kasite)/(0.00002))**2)),0) for i in np.arange(0.1,self.distance + 1) ]
line_1 = [120 for i in range(1,self.distance + 1)]
line_2 = [125 for i in range(1,self.distance + 1)]
line_3 = [133 for i in range(1,self.distance + 1)]
x1 = np.arange(1, self.distance + 1)
figure1 = plt.figure(figsize = (6,5), dpi = 100)
figure1.add_subplot(111)
self.figure1=figure1
plt.plot(z1,label="Decay Curve")
plt.plot(x1, line_3,'b--',label="130 dbL: Maximum for Structural Damage Level" )
plt.plot(x1, line_2,'r--',label="125 dbL: Maximum for Human Comfort Level" )
plt.plot(x1, line_1,'g--',label="120 dbL: Annoying" )
plt.legend()
plt.xlabel('Distance (m)')
plt.ylabel('Sound Pressure Level(dBL)',labelpad=1)
plt.title('SPL DECAY')
plt.xscale('log')
plt.grid(True, which="both", ls="-")
def plot_values(self):
self.test()
self.frame.destroy()
frame=Frame(self.graph_frame)
frame.pack()
self.frame=frame
chart = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self.figure1,self.frame)
chart.get_tk_widget().pack()
return None
pass
main()
我们做了一些技巧，我们已经将新框架作为 FigureCanvasTkAgg 的父框架，如果我们必须创建新的 FigureCanvasTkAgg 那么我们可以销毁父框架并创建新的 Frame 和 FigureCanvasTkAgg