在 QFileDialog 中预先 select 多个文件
Pre-select multiple files in a QFileDialog
当显示“选择文件”对话框时，我想预先 select 项目中的文件，这些文件已经配置为该项目的“一部分”，因此用户可以 select新文件或 unselect 现有（即先前选择的）文件。
This answer 建议多个 selection 应该是可能的。
对于这个MRE，请制作3个文件并将它们放在合适的位置ref_dir:
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets
import sys
class Window(QtWidgets.QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(Window, self).__init__()
self.button = QtWidgets.QPushButton('Test', self)
self.button.clicked.connect(self.handle_button)
layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self)
layout.addWidget(self.button)
def handle_button(self):
options = QtWidgets.QFileDialog.Options()
options |= QtWidgets.QFileDialog.DontUseNativeDialog
ref_dir = 'D:\temp'
files_list = ['file1.txt', 'file2.txt', 'file3.txt']
fd = QtWidgets.QFileDialog(None, 'Choose project files', ref_dir, '(*.txt)')
fd.setFileMode(QtWidgets.QFileDialog.ExistingFiles)
fd.setOptions(options)
# fd.setVisible(True)
for file in files_list:
print(f'selecting file |{file}|')
fd.selectFile(file)
string_list = fd.exec()
print(f'string list {string_list}')
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
window = Window()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
不幸的是，尽管 ExistingFiles 已被选为文件模式，但我发现它只是最后一个文件 selected 具有 selection... 但我希望在显示对话框时 select 所有三个都被编辑。
我尝试用 setVisible 进行试验，看看是否可以在显示对话框后以某种方式实现多个 selection，但这没有用。
由于使用了非本机文件对话框，我们可以访问其子窗口小部件来控制其行为。
起初我考虑使用项目视图的选择模型，但这不会更新行编辑，它负责检查文件是否存在并在这种情况下启用确定按钮；考虑到这一点，显而易见的解决方案是直接更新行编辑：
def handle_button(self):
# ...
existing = []
for file in files_list:
if fd.directory().exists(file):
existing.append('"{}"'.format(file))
lineEdit = fd.findChild(QtWidgets.QLineEdit, 'fileNameEdit')
lineEdit.setText(' '.join(existing))
if fd.exec():
print('string list {}'.format(fd.selectedFiles()))
这种方法的唯一缺点是不会发送 fileSelected 和 filesSelected 信号。
Musicamante 的回答非常非常有帮助，特别是表明选择实际上是通过用路径字符串填充 QLE 来触发的。
但实际上当目的如我所说时存在致命缺陷：不幸的是，如果您尝试取消选择目录中最终选择的文件，实际上这个名称是而不是 然后从 QLE 中删除。事实上，如果 QLE 设置为空白，则会禁用“选择”按钮。所有这一切都是设计使然：QFileDialog 的功能是 “打开”或“保存”，而不是“修改”。
但我确实找到了解决方案，其中涉及找到列出目录中文件的QListView，然后在其选择模型上使用信号。
这满足的另一件事是当您更改目录时会发生什么：显然，您随后希望根据在该目录中找到（或未找到）的项目文件来更新选择。事实上，我已经更改了“选择”按钮的文本，以表明“修改”是游戏的名称。
fd = QtWidgets.QFileDialog(app.get_main_window(), 'Modify project files', start_directory, '(*.docx)')
fd.setFileMode(QtWidgets.QFileDialog.ExistingFiles)
fd.setViewMode(QtWidgets.QFileDialog.List)
fd.setLabelText(QtWidgets.QFileDialog.Reject, '&Cancel')
fd.setLabelText(QtWidgets.QFileDialog.Accept, '&Modify')
fd.setOptions(options)
file_name_line_edit = fd.findChild(QtWidgets.QLineEdit, 'fileNameEdit')
list_view = fd.findChild(QtWidgets.QListView, 'listView')
# utility to cope with all permutations of backslashes and forward slashes in path strings:
def split_file_path_str(path_str):
dir_path_str, filename = ntpath.split(path_str)
return dir_path_str, (filename or ntpath.basename(dir_path_str))
fd.displayed_dir = None
sel_model = list_view.selectionModel()
def sel_changed():
if not fd.displayed_dir:
return
selected_file_paths_in_shown_dir = []
sel_col_0s = sel_model.selectedRows()
for sel_col_0 in sel_col_0s:
file_path_str = os.path.join(fd.displayed_dir, sel_col_0.data())
selected_file_paths_in_shown_dir.append(file_path_str)
already_included = file_path_str in self.files_list
if not already_included:
fd.project_files_in_shown_dir.append(file_path_str)
# now find if there are any project files which are now NOT selected
for project_file_path_str in fd.project_files_in_shown_dir:
if project_file_path_str not in selected_file_paths_in_shown_dir:
fd.project_files_in_shown_dir.remove(project_file_path_str)
sel_model.selectionChanged.connect(sel_changed)
def file_dlg_dir_entered(displayed_dir):
displayed_dir = os.path.normpath(displayed_dir)
# this is set to None to prevent unwanted selection processing triggered by setText(...) below
fd.displayed_dir = None
fd.project_files_in_shown_dir = []
existing = []
for file_path_str in self.files_list:
dir_path_str, filename = split_file_path_str(file_path_str)
if dir_path_str == displayed_dir:
existing.append(f'"{file_path_str}"')
fd.project_files_in_shown_dir.append(file_path_str)
file_name_line_edit.setText(' '.join(existing))
fd.displayed_dir = displayed_dir
fd.directoryEntered.connect(file_dlg_dir_entered)
# set the initially displayed directory...
file_dlg_dir_entered(start_directory)
if fd.exec():
# for each file, if not present in self.files_list, add to files list and make self dirty
for project_file_in_shown_dir in fd.project_files_in_shown_dir:
if project_file_in_shown_dir not in self.files_list:
self.files_list.append(project_file_in_shown_dir)
# also add to list widget...
app.get_main_window().ui.files_list.addItem(project_file_in_shown_dir)
if not self.is_dirty():
self.toggle_dirty()
# but we also have to make sure that a file has not been UNselected...
docx_files_in_start_dir = [f for f in os.listdir(fd.displayed_dir) if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(fd.displayed_dir, f)) and os.path.splitext(f)[1] == '.docx' ]
for docx_file_in_start_dir in docx_files_in_start_dir:
docx_file_path_str = os.path.join(fd.displayed_dir, docx_file_in_start_dir)
if docx_file_path_str in self.files_list and docx_file_path_str not in fd.project_files_in_shown_dir:
self.files_list.remove(docx_file_path_str)
list_widget = app.get_main_window().ui.files_list
item_for_removal = list_widget.findItems(docx_file_path_str, QtCore.Qt.MatchExactly)[0]
list_widget.takeItem(list_widget.row(item_for_removal))
if not self.is_dirty():
self.toggle_dirty()
经过几个小时的尝试，这里有一个以编程方式在 QFileDialog 中预先 select 多个文件的非常好的方法：
from pathlib import Path
from PyQt5.QtCore import QItemSelectionModel
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QFileDialog, QListView
p_files = Path('/path/to/your/files')
dlg = QFileDialog(
directory=str(p_files),
options=QFileDialog.DontUseNativeDialog)
# get QListView which controls item selection
file_view = dlg.findChild(QListView, 'listView')
# filter files which we want to select based on any condition (eg only .txt files)
# anything will work here as long as you get a list of Path objects or just str filepaths
sel_files = [p for p in p_files.iterdir() if p.suffix == '.txt']
# get selection model (QItemSelectionModel)
sel_model = file_view.selectionModel()
for p in sel_files:
# get idx (QModelIndex) from model() (QFileSystemModel) using str of Path obj
idx = sel_model.model().index(str(p))
# set the active selection using each QModelIndex
# IMPORTANT - need to include the selection type
# see dir(QItemSelectionModel) for all options
sel_model.select(idx, QItemSelectionModel.Select | QItemSelectionModel.Rows)
dlg.exec_()
dlg.selectedFiles()
>>> ['list.txt', 'of.txt', 'selected.txt', 'files.txt']
当显示“选择文件”对话框时，我想预先 select 项目中的文件，这些文件已经配置为该项目的“一部分”，因此用户可以 select新文件或 unselect 现有（即先前选择的）文件。
This answer 建议多个 selection 应该是可能的。
对于这个MRE，请制作3个文件并将它们放在合适的位置ref_dir:
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets
import sys
class Window(QtWidgets.QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(Window, self).__init__()
self.button = QtWidgets.QPushButton('Test', self)
self.button.clicked.connect(self.handle_button)
layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self)
layout.addWidget(self.button)
def handle_button(self):
options = QtWidgets.QFileDialog.Options()
options |= QtWidgets.QFileDialog.DontUseNativeDialog
ref_dir = 'D:\temp'
files_list = ['file1.txt', 'file2.txt', 'file3.txt']
fd = QtWidgets.QFileDialog(None, 'Choose project files', ref_dir, '(*.txt)')
fd.setFileMode(QtWidgets.QFileDialog.ExistingFiles)
fd.setOptions(options)
# fd.setVisible(True)
for file in files_list:
print(f'selecting file |{file}|')
fd.selectFile(file)
string_list = fd.exec()
print(f'string list {string_list}')
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
window = Window()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
不幸的是，尽管 ExistingFiles 已被选为文件模式，但我发现它只是最后一个文件 selected 具有 selection... 但我希望在显示对话框时 select 所有三个都被编辑。
我尝试用 setVisible 进行试验，看看是否可以在显示对话框后以某种方式实现多个 selection，但这没有用。
由于使用了非本机文件对话框，我们可以访问其子窗口小部件来控制其行为。
起初我考虑使用项目视图的选择模型，但这不会更新行编辑，它负责检查文件是否存在并在这种情况下启用确定按钮；考虑到这一点，显而易见的解决方案是直接更新行编辑：
def handle_button(self):
# ...
existing = []
for file in files_list:
if fd.directory().exists(file):
existing.append('"{}"'.format(file))
lineEdit = fd.findChild(QtWidgets.QLineEdit, 'fileNameEdit')
lineEdit.setText(' '.join(existing))
if fd.exec():
print('string list {}'.format(fd.selectedFiles()))
这种方法的唯一缺点是不会发送 fileSelected 和 filesSelected 信号。
Musicamante 的回答非常非常有帮助，特别是表明选择实际上是通过用路径字符串填充 QLE 来触发的。
但实际上当目的如我所说时存在致命缺陷：不幸的是，如果您尝试取消选择目录中最终选择的文件，实际上这个名称是而不是 然后从 QLE 中删除。事实上，如果 QLE 设置为空白，则会禁用“选择”按钮。所有这一切都是设计使然：QFileDialog 的功能是 “打开”或“保存”，而不是“修改”。
但我确实找到了解决方案，其中涉及找到列出目录中文件的QListView，然后在其选择模型上使用信号。
这满足的另一件事是当您更改目录时会发生什么：显然，您随后希望根据在该目录中找到（或未找到）的项目文件来更新选择。事实上，我已经更改了“选择”按钮的文本，以表明“修改”是游戏的名称。
fd = QtWidgets.QFileDialog(app.get_main_window(), 'Modify project files', start_directory, '(*.docx)')
fd.setFileMode(QtWidgets.QFileDialog.ExistingFiles)
fd.setViewMode(QtWidgets.QFileDialog.List)
fd.setLabelText(QtWidgets.QFileDialog.Reject, '&Cancel')
fd.setLabelText(QtWidgets.QFileDialog.Accept, '&Modify')
fd.setOptions(options)
file_name_line_edit = fd.findChild(QtWidgets.QLineEdit, 'fileNameEdit')
list_view = fd.findChild(QtWidgets.QListView, 'listView')
# utility to cope with all permutations of backslashes and forward slashes in path strings:
def split_file_path_str(path_str):
dir_path_str, filename = ntpath.split(path_str)
return dir_path_str, (filename or ntpath.basename(dir_path_str))
fd.displayed_dir = None
sel_model = list_view.selectionModel()
def sel_changed():
if not fd.displayed_dir:
return
selected_file_paths_in_shown_dir = []
sel_col_0s = sel_model.selectedRows()
for sel_col_0 in sel_col_0s:
file_path_str = os.path.join(fd.displayed_dir, sel_col_0.data())
selected_file_paths_in_shown_dir.append(file_path_str)
already_included = file_path_str in self.files_list
if not already_included:
fd.project_files_in_shown_dir.append(file_path_str)
# now find if there are any project files which are now NOT selected
for project_file_path_str in fd.project_files_in_shown_dir:
if project_file_path_str not in selected_file_paths_in_shown_dir:
fd.project_files_in_shown_dir.remove(project_file_path_str)
sel_model.selectionChanged.connect(sel_changed)
def file_dlg_dir_entered(displayed_dir):
displayed_dir = os.path.normpath(displayed_dir)
# this is set to None to prevent unwanted selection processing triggered by setText(...) below
fd.displayed_dir = None
fd.project_files_in_shown_dir = []
existing = []
for file_path_str in self.files_list:
dir_path_str, filename = split_file_path_str(file_path_str)
if dir_path_str == displayed_dir:
existing.append(f'"{file_path_str}"')
fd.project_files_in_shown_dir.append(file_path_str)
file_name_line_edit.setText(' '.join(existing))
fd.displayed_dir = displayed_dir
fd.directoryEntered.connect(file_dlg_dir_entered)
# set the initially displayed directory...
file_dlg_dir_entered(start_directory)
if fd.exec():
# for each file, if not present in self.files_list, add to files list and make self dirty
for project_file_in_shown_dir in fd.project_files_in_shown_dir:
if project_file_in_shown_dir not in self.files_list:
self.files_list.append(project_file_in_shown_dir)
# also add to list widget...
app.get_main_window().ui.files_list.addItem(project_file_in_shown_dir)
if not self.is_dirty():
self.toggle_dirty()
# but we also have to make sure that a file has not been UNselected...
docx_files_in_start_dir = [f for f in os.listdir(fd.displayed_dir) if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(fd.displayed_dir, f)) and os.path.splitext(f)[1] == '.docx' ]
for docx_file_in_start_dir in docx_files_in_start_dir:
docx_file_path_str = os.path.join(fd.displayed_dir, docx_file_in_start_dir)
if docx_file_path_str in self.files_list and docx_file_path_str not in fd.project_files_in_shown_dir:
self.files_list.remove(docx_file_path_str)
list_widget = app.get_main_window().ui.files_list
item_for_removal = list_widget.findItems(docx_file_path_str, QtCore.Qt.MatchExactly)[0]
list_widget.takeItem(list_widget.row(item_for_removal))
if not self.is_dirty():
self.toggle_dirty()
经过几个小时的尝试，这里有一个以编程方式在 QFileDialog 中预先 select 多个文件的非常好的方法：
from pathlib import Path
from PyQt5.QtCore import QItemSelectionModel
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QFileDialog, QListView
p_files = Path('/path/to/your/files')
dlg = QFileDialog(
directory=str(p_files),
options=QFileDialog.DontUseNativeDialog)
# get QListView which controls item selection
file_view = dlg.findChild(QListView, 'listView')
# filter files which we want to select based on any condition (eg only .txt files)
# anything will work here as long as you get a list of Path objects or just str filepaths
sel_files = [p for p in p_files.iterdir() if p.suffix == '.txt']
# get selection model (QItemSelectionModel)
sel_model = file_view.selectionModel()
for p in sel_files:
# get idx (QModelIndex) from model() (QFileSystemModel) using str of Path obj
idx = sel_model.model().index(str(p))
# set the active selection using each QModelIndex
# IMPORTANT - need to include the selection type
# see dir(QItemSelectionModel) for all options
sel_model.select(idx, QItemSelectionModel.Select | QItemSelectionModel.Rows)
dlg.exec_()
dlg.selectedFiles()
>>> ['list.txt', 'of.txt', 'selected.txt', 'files.txt']