在哪里将 bean 逻辑创建放入一个简单的 Spring 启动应用程序？

Question

我已经很长时间没有使用 Java 技术了，我怀疑这是否是构建 Spring 启动应用程序的好解决方案。

我正在使用 Spring 批处理开发一个批处理应用程序到 Spring 引导应用程序（只是为了解释一般上下文，我的问题应该与 Spring 引导项目严格相关结构）。

基本上我有这个 UpdateInfoBatchApplication 是启动我的应用程序的“主要”class：

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableBatchProcessing
@EnableScheduling
public class UpdateInfoBatchApplication {
    
    @Bean
    RestTemplate restTemplate() throws KeyManagementException, UnrecoverableKeyException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyStoreException, CertificateException, IOException {
        final String password = "MY_PSWD";
        final String pfxPath = "/home/andrea/Documents/workspace-spring-tool-suite-4-4.11.0.RELEASE/UpdateInfoBatch/target/classes/static/certificate.pfx";
        
        HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory httpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory = getHttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory(pfxPath,password);
        
        RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(httpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory);
        
        return restTemplate;
        
    }
    
    

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(UpdateInfoBatchApplication.class, args);
    }
    
    
    private static HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory getHttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory(String pfxPath,String password) throws KeyManagementException, UnrecoverableKeyException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyStoreException, CertificateException, IOException {
        TrustStrategy acceptingTrustStrategy = (X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) -> true;

        SSLContext sslContext = SSLContextBuilder
                .create().loadKeyMaterial(new File(pfxPath),password.toCharArray(), password.toCharArray()).loadTrustMaterial(null, acceptingTrustStrategy).build();

        HttpClient client = HttpClients.custom().setSSLContext(sslContext).build();

        HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory = new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory();

        requestFactory.setHttpClient(client);
        
        return requestFactory;
    }

}

基本上这个 class 包含启动我的 Spring 引导应用程序的 main 方法。

它还包含一个用 @Bean 注释注释的 restTemplate 方法。它创建并 return 一个自定义 RestTemplate 对象（它是调用 getHttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory 创建的，它本身 return 一个 HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory 实例，在该实例上设置了 SSL 客户端证书需要执行一些 API 调用）。

它工作正常，但我不确定这个 UpdateInfoBatchApplication class 是放置这个 restTemplate bean 创建逻辑的好地方。

你觉得呢？可能是一个不错的解决方案还是很脏？

Answer 1

您应该将 bean 创建逻辑放在 class 称为“BeanConfig”或某物下。我主要根据上下文对它们进行分组，比如将密码编码器 bean 放在 SecurityBeanConfig 等中。不要忘记注释你的 class

@Configuration

Answer 2

将自定义可注入 bean 分离到单独的配置 classes 并确保配置 classes 的包在组件扫描的范围内总是好的。您可以重构您的代码如下

Spring 启动器 class

package com.demo;
import org.springframework.batch.core.configuration.annotation.EnableBatchProcessing;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableBatchProcessing
@EnableScheduling
public class UpdateInfoBatchApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(UpdateInfoBatchApplication.class, args);
    }
}

配置class

package com.demo;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.ssl.SSLContextBuilder;
import org.apache.http.ssl.TrustStrategy;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.http.client.HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.KeyStoreException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.UnrecoverableKeyException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;

@Configuration
public class UpdateInfoBatchConfiguration {

    @Bean
    @Primary
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory httpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory) {
        return new RestTemplate(httpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory);
    }

    @Bean
    @Primary
    public HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory httpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory() throws 
                            KeyManagementException, UnrecoverableKeyException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, 
                            KeyStoreException, CertificateException, IOException {
        final String password = "MY_PSWD";
        final String pfxPath = "/home/andrea/Documents/workspace-spring-tool-suite-4-4.11.0.RELEASE" +
                                "/UpdateInfoBatch/target/classes/static/certificate.pfx";
        TrustStrategy acceptingTrustStrategy = (X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) -> true;
        SSLContext sslContext = SSLContextBuilder
                            .create().loadKeyMaterial(new File(pfxPath), password.toCharArray(), password.toCharArray())
                            .loadTrustMaterial(null, acceptingTrustStrategy).build();

        HttpClient client = HttpClients.custom().setSSLContext(sslContext).build();
        HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory = new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory();
        requestFactory.setHttpClient(client);
        return requestFactory;
    }
}

在哪里将 bean 逻辑创建放入一个简单的 Spring 启动应用程序？

Where to put the bean logic creation into a simple Spring Boot application?

java

spring

spring-annotations

spring-batch

spring-boot