Pyinstaller：QWebEngineView 不能很好地与其他模块一起使用
Pyinstaller: QWebEngineView doesn't play nicely with other modules
我有一个同时使用 QWebEngineView 和 Matplotlib 的应用程序。具体来说，只要导入Matplotlib就足以破坏生成的executable中的QWebEngineView。这是 works/doesn 在我的 Windows 10 机器上无法工作的 table。我无法在 Linux 上重现此内容。遗憾的是部署的EXE文件必须在Windows.
编辑：不仅仅是Matplotlib。 QWebEngineView 也与 pyqtgraph and numpy.
行为不当
QWebEngineView
Matplotlib
test.html renders OK?
run from python
X
YES
run from python
X
X
YES
run from EXE
X
YES
run from EXE
X
X
NO
这是 test.html 的“正常”渲染。它有一个格式化的标题、一个 table 和一个 SVG 图像：
这是同一文件的错误呈现：
Matplotlib 中的某些东西搞砸了 QWebEngine 渲染。是否有针对此行为的某种解决方法？
代码：
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets
from PyQt5.QtCore import QUrl
from PyQt5.QtWebEngineWidgets import QWebEngineView
# ~ import matplotlib.pyplot as plt # <------ this is the line that breaks it
if __name__ == "__main__":
import sys
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
view = QtWidgets.QWidget()
layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(view)
lineedit = QtWidgets.QLineEdit()
webview = QWebEngineView()
layout.addWidget(lineedit)
layout.addWidget(webview)
lineedit.setText('file:///test.html')
def handleReturn():
qurl = QUrl(lineedit.text())
webview.setUrl(qurl)
lineedit.returnPressed.connect(handleReturn)
handleReturn()
view.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
Pyinstaller 规范文件：
# -*- mode: python -*-
# this file gives build options for pyinstaller
added_files = [ ('qt.conf', '.'),
('test.html', '.'),
('test.svg', '.') ]
a = Analysis(['webengine.py'],
datas= added_files)
pyz = PYZ(a.pure, a.zipped_data,)
exe = EXE(pyz,
a.scripts,
exclude_binaries=True,
name='webengine',
debug=True,
strip=False,
upx=False,
console=True )
coll = COLLECT(exe,
a.binaries,
a.zipfiles,
a.datas,
strip=False,
upx=False,
name='webengine')
test.html
<html><body>
<p><h1>Test HTML Document</h1></p>
<table style="width:80%" border="1">
<tr><th>C1</th><th>C2</th><th>C3</th><th>C4</th></tr>
<tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td></tr>
<tr><td>2</td><td>4</td><td>6</td><td>8</td></tr>
<tr><td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td></tr>
<tr><td>the</td><td>quick</td><td>brown</td><td>fox</td></tr>
<tr><td>jumped</td><td>over</td><td>the lazy</td><td>dog</td></tr>
</table>
<p><img src="test.svg" width="50%"></p>
</body></html>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd">
<svg id="svg2" width="620" height="472" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:inkscape="http://www.inkscape.org/namespaces/inkscape" xmlns:sodipodi="http://sodipodi.sourceforge.net/DTD/sodipodi-0.dtd" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<defs id="defs4">
<path id="box1" d="m0 0h77v210h-77z" stroke="#000" stroke-width="2"/>
<path id="box2" d="m0 0h77v60h-77z" stroke="#000" stroke-width="2"/>
</defs>
<path id="bg" d="m0 0h620v472h-620z" fill="#fff"/>
<g id="g9" transform="translate(2 1)">
<use id="use11" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box1"/>
<use id="use13" x="77" fill="#ff0" xlink:href="#box1"/>
<use id="use15" x="154" fill="#0ff" xlink:href="#box1"/>
<use id="use17" x="231" fill="#0f0" xlink:href="#box1"/>
<use id="use19" x="308" fill="#f0f" xlink:href="#box1"/>
<use id="use21" x="385" fill="red" xlink:href="#box1"/>
<use id="use23" x="462" fill="#00f" xlink:href="#box1"/>
<use id="use25" x="539" xlink:href="#box1"/>
</g>
<g id="g45" transform="translate(2 220)">
<use id="use47" fill="#0f0" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use49" x="77" fill="#0f0" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use51" x="154" fill="#0f0" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use53" x="231" fill="#0f0" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use55" x="308" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use57" x="385" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use59" x="462" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use61" x="539" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<text id="green100" x="30" y="35" fill="#fff" font-family="DejaVu Sans, Arial, Helvetica" stroke-width="1" xml:space="preserve">0.59</text>
</g>
<g id="g27" transform="translate(2 280)">
<use id="use29" fill="red" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use31" x="77" fill="red" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use33" x="154" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use35" x="231" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use37" x="308" fill="red" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use39" x="385" fill="red" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use41" x="462" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use43" x="539" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<text id="red100" x="20" y="35" fill="#fff" font-family="DejaVu Sans, Arial, Helvetica" stroke-width="1" xml:space="preserve">+0.30</text>
</g>
<g id="g63" transform="translate(2 340)">
<use id="use65" fill="#00f" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use67" x="77" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use69" x="154" fill="#00f" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use71" x="231" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use73" x="308" fill="#00f" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use75" x="385" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use77" x="462" fill="#00f" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use79" x="539" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<text id="blue100" x="20" y="35" fill="#fff" font-family="DejaVu Sans, Arial, Helvetica" stroke-width="1" xml:space="preserve">+0.11</text>
</g>
<g id="g63" transform="translate(2 410)">
<use id="grey100" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="grey89" x="77" fill="#e3e3e3" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="grey70" x="154" fill="#b2b2b2" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="grey59" x="231" fill="#969696" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="grey41" x="308" fill="#696969" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="grey30" x="385" fill="#4d4d4d" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="grey11" x="462" fill="#1c1c1c" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="grey0" x="539" fill="#000" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<text id="txgrey100" x="20" y="35" font-family="DejaVu Sans, Arial, Helvetica" stroke-width="1" xml:space="preserve">100%</text>
<text id="txgrey89" x="102" y="35" font-family="DejaVu Sans, Arial, Helvetica" stroke-width="1" xml:space="preserve">89%</text>
<text id="txgrey70" x="179" y="35" font-family="DejaVu Sans, Arial, Helvetica" stroke-width="1" xml:space="preserve">70%</text>
<text id="txgrey59" x="256" y="35" font-family="DejaVu Sans, Arial, Helvetica" stroke-width="1" xml:space="preserve">59%</text>
<text id="txgrey41" x="333" y="35" fill="#fff" font-family="DejaVu Sans, Arial, Helvetica" stroke-width="1" xml:space="preserve">41%</text>
<text id="txgrey30" x="408" y="35" fill="#fff" font-family="DejaVu Sans, Arial, Helvetica" stroke-width="1" xml:space="preserve">30%</text>
<text id="txgrey11" x="487" y="35" fill="#fff" font-family="DejaVu Sans, Arial, Helvetica" stroke-width="1" xml:space="preserve">11%</text>
<text id="txgrey0" x="569" y="35" fill="#fff" font-family="DejaVu Sans, Arial, Helvetica" stroke-width="1" xml:space="preserve">0%</text>
</g>
<text id="text3446-0" x="90" y="184" fill="#fff" font-size="180" font-family="DejaVu Sans, Arial, Helvetica" stroke-width="4" xml:space="preserve">TEST</text>
<text id="text3446" x="80" y="174" font-family="DejaVu Sans, Arial, Helvetica" stroke-width="4" xml:space="preserve"><tspan id="tspan3448" x="80" y="174" font-size="180">TEST</tspan></text>
</svg>
我在另一台 Windows 机器上“编译”并且 QWebEngineView 呈现得很好。所以我不得不弄清楚“坏”机器和“好”机器之间的区别。
要列出已安装的 python 模块及其版本，您可以使用
pip list
我不知道这是否会收集您在 pip 之外安装的模块（例如，在 Windows 中通过 .msi 安装或在 Debian Linux
中通过 apt install python3-<python module> 安装
我不太确定哪个包有问题。我没有耐心一一去——太费时间了。但这是一个有效的列表：
Package
Version
altgraph
0.17
cycler
0.10.0
future
0.18.2
importlib-metadata
3.4.0
kiwisolver
1.3.1
matplotlib
3.4.2
numpy
1.21.1
pandas
1.2.1
pdfkit
0.6.1
pefile
2021.5.24
Pillow
8.1.2
pip
21.0.1
pycparser
2.20
pyinstaller
4.5.1
pyinstaller-hooks-contrib
2021.2
pyparsing
2.4.7
PyQt5
5.15.4
PyQt5-Qt5
5.15.2
PyQt5-sip
12.8.1
pyqtgraph
0.11.1
PyQtWebEngine
5.15.4
PyQtWebEngine-Qt5
5.15.2
pyserial
3.5
python-dateutil
2.8.1
pythonnet
2.5.2
pytz
2021.1
pyusb
1.1.1
PyVISA
1.11.3
pywin32
301
pywin32-ctypes
0.2.0
scipy
1.6.1
setuptools
47.1.0
six
1.15.0
typing-extensions
3.7.4.3
zipp
3.4.0
我有一个同时使用 QWebEngineView 和 Matplotlib 的应用程序。具体来说，只要导入Matplotlib就足以破坏生成的executable中的QWebEngineView。这是 works/doesn 在我的 Windows 10 机器上无法工作的 table。我无法在 Linux 上重现此内容。遗憾的是部署的EXE文件必须在Windows.
编辑：不仅仅是Matplotlib。 QWebEngineView 也与 pyqtgraph and numpy.
行为不当| QWebEngineView | Matplotlib | test.html renders OK? | |
|---|---|---|---|
| run from python | X | YES | |
| run from python | X | X | YES |
| run from EXE | X | YES | |
| run from EXE | X | X | NO |
这是 test.html 的“正常”渲染。它有一个格式化的标题、一个 table 和一个 SVG 图像：
这是同一文件的错误呈现：
Matplotlib 中的某些东西搞砸了 QWebEngine 渲染。是否有针对此行为的某种解决方法？
代码：
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets
from PyQt5.QtCore import QUrl
from PyQt5.QtWebEngineWidgets import QWebEngineView
# ~ import matplotlib.pyplot as plt # <------ this is the line that breaks it
if __name__ == "__main__":
import sys
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
view = QtWidgets.QWidget()
layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(view)
lineedit = QtWidgets.QLineEdit()
webview = QWebEngineView()
layout.addWidget(lineedit)
layout.addWidget(webview)
lineedit.setText('file:///test.html')
def handleReturn():
qurl = QUrl(lineedit.text())
webview.setUrl(qurl)
lineedit.returnPressed.connect(handleReturn)
handleReturn()
view.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
Pyinstaller 规范文件：
# -*- mode: python -*-
# this file gives build options for pyinstaller
added_files = [ ('qt.conf', '.'),
('test.html', '.'),
('test.svg', '.') ]
a = Analysis(['webengine.py'],
datas= added_files)
pyz = PYZ(a.pure, a.zipped_data,)
exe = EXE(pyz,
a.scripts,
exclude_binaries=True,
name='webengine',
debug=True,
strip=False,
upx=False,
console=True )
coll = COLLECT(exe,
a.binaries,
a.zipfiles,
a.datas,
strip=False,
upx=False,
name='webengine')
test.html
<html><body>
<p><h1>Test HTML Document</h1></p>
<table style="width:80%" border="1">
<tr><th>C1</th><th>C2</th><th>C3</th><th>C4</th></tr>
<tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td></tr>
<tr><td>2</td><td>4</td><td>6</td><td>8</td></tr>
<tr><td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td></tr>
<tr><td>the</td><td>quick</td><td>brown</td><td>fox</td></tr>
<tr><td>jumped</td><td>over</td><td>the lazy</td><td>dog</td></tr>
</table>
<p><img src="test.svg" width="50%"></p>
</body></html>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd">
<svg id="svg2" width="620" height="472" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:inkscape="http://www.inkscape.org/namespaces/inkscape" xmlns:sodipodi="http://sodipodi.sourceforge.net/DTD/sodipodi-0.dtd" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<defs id="defs4">
<path id="box1" d="m0 0h77v210h-77z" stroke="#000" stroke-width="2"/>
<path id="box2" d="m0 0h77v60h-77z" stroke="#000" stroke-width="2"/>
</defs>
<path id="bg" d="m0 0h620v472h-620z" fill="#fff"/>
<g id="g9" transform="translate(2 1)">
<use id="use11" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box1"/>
<use id="use13" x="77" fill="#ff0" xlink:href="#box1"/>
<use id="use15" x="154" fill="#0ff" xlink:href="#box1"/>
<use id="use17" x="231" fill="#0f0" xlink:href="#box1"/>
<use id="use19" x="308" fill="#f0f" xlink:href="#box1"/>
<use id="use21" x="385" fill="red" xlink:href="#box1"/>
<use id="use23" x="462" fill="#00f" xlink:href="#box1"/>
<use id="use25" x="539" xlink:href="#box1"/>
</g>
<g id="g45" transform="translate(2 220)">
<use id="use47" fill="#0f0" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use49" x="77" fill="#0f0" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use51" x="154" fill="#0f0" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use53" x="231" fill="#0f0" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use55" x="308" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use57" x="385" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use59" x="462" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use61" x="539" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<text id="green100" x="30" y="35" fill="#fff" font-family="DejaVu Sans, Arial, Helvetica" stroke-width="1" xml:space="preserve">0.59</text>
</g>
<g id="g27" transform="translate(2 280)">
<use id="use29" fill="red" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use31" x="77" fill="red" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use33" x="154" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use35" x="231" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use37" x="308" fill="red" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use39" x="385" fill="red" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use41" x="462" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use43" x="539" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<text id="red100" x="20" y="35" fill="#fff" font-family="DejaVu Sans, Arial, Helvetica" stroke-width="1" xml:space="preserve">+0.30</text>
</g>
<g id="g63" transform="translate(2 340)">
<use id="use65" fill="#00f" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use67" x="77" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use69" x="154" fill="#00f" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use71" x="231" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use73" x="308" fill="#00f" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use75" x="385" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use77" x="462" fill="#00f" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="use79" x="539" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<text id="blue100" x="20" y="35" fill="#fff" font-family="DejaVu Sans, Arial, Helvetica" stroke-width="1" xml:space="preserve">+0.11</text>
</g>
<g id="g63" transform="translate(2 410)">
<use id="grey100" fill="#fff" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="grey89" x="77" fill="#e3e3e3" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="grey70" x="154" fill="#b2b2b2" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="grey59" x="231" fill="#969696" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="grey41" x="308" fill="#696969" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="grey30" x="385" fill="#4d4d4d" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="grey11" x="462" fill="#1c1c1c" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<use id="grey0" x="539" fill="#000" xlink:href="#box2"/>
<text id="txgrey100" x="20" y="35" font-family="DejaVu Sans, Arial, Helvetica" stroke-width="1" xml:space="preserve">100%</text>
<text id="txgrey89" x="102" y="35" font-family="DejaVu Sans, Arial, Helvetica" stroke-width="1" xml:space="preserve">89%</text>
<text id="txgrey70" x="179" y="35" font-family="DejaVu Sans, Arial, Helvetica" stroke-width="1" xml:space="preserve">70%</text>
<text id="txgrey59" x="256" y="35" font-family="DejaVu Sans, Arial, Helvetica" stroke-width="1" xml:space="preserve">59%</text>
<text id="txgrey41" x="333" y="35" fill="#fff" font-family="DejaVu Sans, Arial, Helvetica" stroke-width="1" xml:space="preserve">41%</text>
<text id="txgrey30" x="408" y="35" fill="#fff" font-family="DejaVu Sans, Arial, Helvetica" stroke-width="1" xml:space="preserve">30%</text>
<text id="txgrey11" x="487" y="35" fill="#fff" font-family="DejaVu Sans, Arial, Helvetica" stroke-width="1" xml:space="preserve">11%</text>
<text id="txgrey0" x="569" y="35" fill="#fff" font-family="DejaVu Sans, Arial, Helvetica" stroke-width="1" xml:space="preserve">0%</text>
</g>
<text id="text3446-0" x="90" y="184" fill="#fff" font-size="180" font-family="DejaVu Sans, Arial, Helvetica" stroke-width="4" xml:space="preserve">TEST</text>
<text id="text3446" x="80" y="174" font-family="DejaVu Sans, Arial, Helvetica" stroke-width="4" xml:space="preserve"><tspan id="tspan3448" x="80" y="174" font-size="180">TEST</tspan></text>
</svg>
我在另一台 Windows 机器上“编译”并且 QWebEngineView 呈现得很好。所以我不得不弄清楚“坏”机器和“好”机器之间的区别。
要列出已安装的 python 模块及其版本，您可以使用
pip list
我不知道这是否会收集您在 pip 之外安装的模块（例如，在 Windows 中通过 .msi 安装或在 Debian Linux
中通过apt install python3-<python module> 安装
我不太确定哪个包有问题。我没有耐心一一去——太费时间了。但这是一个有效的列表：
| Package | Version |
|---|---|
| altgraph | 0.17 |
| cycler | 0.10.0 |
| future | 0.18.2 |
| importlib-metadata | 3.4.0 |
| kiwisolver | 1.3.1 |
| matplotlib | 3.4.2 |
| numpy | 1.21.1 |
| pandas | 1.2.1 |
| pdfkit | 0.6.1 |
| pefile | 2021.5.24 |
| Pillow | 8.1.2 |
| pip | 21.0.1 |
| pycparser | 2.20 |
| pyinstaller | 4.5.1 |
| pyinstaller-hooks-contrib | 2021.2 |
| pyparsing | 2.4.7 |
| PyQt5 | 5.15.4 |
| PyQt5-Qt5 | 5.15.2 |
| PyQt5-sip | 12.8.1 |
| pyqtgraph | 0.11.1 |
| PyQtWebEngine | 5.15.4 |
| PyQtWebEngine-Qt5 | 5.15.2 |
| pyserial | 3.5 |
| python-dateutil | 2.8.1 |
| pythonnet | 2.5.2 |
| pytz | 2021.1 |
| pyusb | 1.1.1 |
| PyVISA | 1.11.3 |
| pywin32 | 301 |
| pywin32-ctypes | 0.2.0 |
| scipy | 1.6.1 |
| setuptools | 47.1.0 |
| six | 1.15.0 |
| typing-extensions | 3.7.4.3 |
| zipp | 3.4.0 |