ABAP CDS 中的多个 SUM 聚合

Question

我有 table 个不同状态的工单和多个工厂，如下所示：

植物	订单号	状态
工厂 1	订单 1	打开
工厂 1	订单 2	已发布
工厂 1	订单 3	完成
工厂 1	订单 4	打开
工厂 1	订单 5	已发布
工厂 1	订单 6	完成
植物 2	订单 7	已发布
植物 2	订单 8	完成

我想创建一个 CDS 来获取每个工厂的总数：“总订单”加上每个状态聚合的一列。预期结果如下：

植物	订单总数	打开	已发布	完成
工厂 1	6	2	2	2
植物 2	2	0	1	1

由于子查询是不可能的，我能想到的唯一解决方案是为每个聚合建立一个 CDS。 1 个用于植物总数，1 个用于每个植物状态。最后是具有预期结果的顶级 CDS。

但是对于应该相对简单的东西，这似乎有很多 CDS，因为实际上我有 7 个不同的状态，而不仅仅是 3 个。我的解决方案有更好的替代方案吗？

Answer 1

在字段列表中使用 CASE...WHEN...THEN...ELSE-expressions 将 Status 转换为包含整数 0 或整数 1 的多列，具体取决于 Status 的值：

define view VIEWNAME as select from DATABASE_TABLE {
    key OrderId,
    Plant,
    CASE Status WHEN 'OPEN' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END AS Open,
    CASE Status WHEN 'RELEASED' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END AS Released,
    CASE Status WHEN 'COMPLETED' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END AS Completed
}

现在您可以创建一个 second 视图来查询此 first 视图。制作该视图 GROUP BY Plant。然后使用 COUNT( * ) 获取每个工厂的订单总数，并在 Open、Released 和 Completed 字段上使用 SUM 获取它们各自的计数：

define view VIEWNAME2 as select from VIEWNAME {
    key Plant,
    COUNT( * ) as TotalOrders,
    SUM( Open ) AS Open,
    SUM( Released ) AS Released,
    SUM( Completed ) AS Completed
}
GROUP BY Plant

Answer 2

另一种实现旋转的方法是使用 UNION，遵循我用于 HANA CDS 的相同方法。这是 Philipp 使用的另一种方式。

合并状态总和的第一个视图：

define view ZORDERS (plant, TOTAL, OPENED, RELEASED, COMPLETED) as 
select from zplants {
    plant, count(distinct orderid ) as TOTAL, 0 as OPENED, 0 as RELEASED, 0 as COMPLETED
}  group by plant
union
select from zplants {
    plant, 0 as TOTAL, count(distinct orderid ) as OPENED, 0 as RELEASED, 0 as COMPLETED
} where status = 'OPENED' group by plant
union
select from zplants {
    plant, 0 as TOTAL, 0 as OPENED, count(distinct orderid ) as RELEASED, 0 as COMPLETED
} where status = 'RELEASED' group by plant
union
select from zplants {
    plant, 0 as TOTAL, 0 as OPENED, 0 as RELEASED, count(distinct orderid ) as COMPLETED
} where status = 'COMPLETED' group by plant

聚合它们的第二个视图：

define view ZPIVOT as select from ZORDERS {
    plant,
    sum ( TOTAL ) as TOTAL, 
    sum ( OPENED ) as OPENED, 
    sum ( RELEASED ) as RELEASED,
    sum ( COMPLETED ) as COMPLETED
} group by plant

注意：这里我使用了OPENED，因为OPEN是ABAP CDS中的保留字。

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