springdoc-openapi 如何在不更改 toString 的情况下使用 @JsonValue 枚举格式？

Question

我有一个 Spring 使用 springdoc-openapi to generate Swagger API documentation for my controllers. One of the enums used in the JSON request/response has a different JSON representation than its value/toString(). This is achieved using the Jackson @JsonValue 注释的引导应用程序：

public enum Suit {
    HEARTS("Hearts"), DIAMONDS("Diamonds"), CLUBS("Clubs"), SPADES("Spades");

    @JsonValue
    private final String jsonValue;

    Suit(String jsonValue) { this.jsonValue = jsonValue; }
}

然而，当列出枚举值：

{
  "openapi": "3.0.1",
  "info": { "title": "OpenAPI definition", "version": "v0" },
  "servers": [
    { "url": "http://localhost:8080", "description": "Generated server url" }
  ],
  "paths": { ... },
  "components": {
    "schemas": {
      "PlayingCard": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "suit": {
            "type": "string",
            "enum": [ "Hearts", "Diamonds", "Clubs", "Spades" ]
          },
          "value": { "type": "integer", "format": "int32" }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

存在已关闭的问题 #1101 in the springdoc-openapi project which requests allowing @JsonValue to affect the enum serialization. However, that issue was closed，因为没有提交 PR。

如何让枚举列表匹配 REST 端点的实际 JSON 类型 accepted/returned，而不是 toString() 值？

我解决这个问题的第一个想法是使用 @Schema(allowableValues = {...}] annotation from Swagger Core。但是，无论是错误还是设计，这都会添加到值列表中，而不是替换它：

@Schema(allowableValues = {"Hearts", "Diamonds", "Clubs", "Spades"})
public enum Suit {
    HEARTS("Hearts"), DIAMONDS("Diamonds"), CLUBS("Clubs"), SPADES("Spades");
    // ...
}

"suit": {
  "type": "string",
  "enum": [
    "HEARTS", 
    "DIAMONDS",
    "CLUBS",
    "SPADES",
    "Hearts",
    "Diamonds",
    "Clubs",
    "Spades"
  ]
}

可重现的例子

plugins {
    id 'org.springframework.boot' version '2.5.3'
    id 'io.spring.dependency-management' version '1.0.11.RELEASE'
    id 'java'
}

sourceCompatibility = '11'

repositories {
    mavenCentral()
}

dependencies {
    implementation 'io.swagger.core.v3:swagger-annotations:2.1.10'
    implementation 'org.springdoc:springdoc-openapi-ui:1.5.10'
    implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web'
}

package com.example.springdoc;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonValue;

public class PlayingCard {
    private Suit suit;
    private Integer value;

    public Suit getSuit() { return suit; }
    public void setSuit(Suit suit) { this.suit = suit; }
    public Integer getValue() { return value; }
    public void setValue(Integer value) { this.value = value; }

    public enum Suit {
        HEARTS("Hearts"), DIAMONDS("Diamonds"), CLUBS("Clubs"), SPADES("Spades");

        @JsonValue
        private final String jsonValue;

        Suit(String jsonValue) { this.jsonValue = jsonValue; }
    }
}

package com.example.springdoc;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/playingCard")
public class PlayingCardController {
    @PostMapping
    public PlayingCard echo(@RequestBody PlayingCard card) {
        return card;
    }
}

招摇URL：http://localhost:8080/v3/api-docs

Answer 1

一种解决方案是将 @JsonValue 实现替换为 @JsonProperty:

public enum Suit {
    @JsonProperty("Hearts") HEARTS,
    @JsonProperty("Diamonds") DIAMONDS,
    @JsonProperty("Clubs") CLUBS,
    @JsonProperty("Spades") SPADES;
}

请注意，如果以编程方式需要该值，这确实会导致一些重复，因为需要在 @JsonProperty 和枚举值中指定它。

Answer 2

可以创建一个 PropertyCustomizer Spring bean 来自定义属性。这可以针对特定枚举类型完成，也可以针对所有枚举全局完成。

具有显式列表的特定于类型的定制器

以下定制器将明确设置特定枚举类型的枚举值：

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JavaType;
import io.swagger.v3.core.converter.AnnotatedType;
import io.swagger.v3.oas.models.media.Schema;
import io.swagger.v3.oas.models.media.StringSchema;
import org.springdoc.core.customizers.PropertyCustomizer;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.List;

@Component
public class SuitPropertyCustomizer implements PropertyCustomizer {
    @Override
    public Schema customize(Schema property, AnnotatedType type) {
        if (property instanceof StringSchema && isSuit(type)) {
            property.setEnum(List.of("Hearts", "Diamonds", "Clubs", "Spades"));
        }

        return property;
    }

    private boolean isSuit(AnnotatedType type) {
        return type.getType() instanceof JavaType && ((JavaType) type.getType()).isTypeOrSubTypeOf(Suit.class);
    }
}

使用 `@JsonValue`

的全局枚举定制器

以下定制器将为所有枚举类型使用 Jackson String 表示形式，这意味着将在适用的地方使用 @JsonValue 注释。

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JavaType;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import io.swagger.v3.core.converter.AnnotatedType;
import io.swagger.v3.core.util.Json;
import io.swagger.v3.oas.models.media.Schema;
import io.swagger.v3.oas.models.media.StringSchema;
import org.springdoc.core.customizers.PropertyCustomizer;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

@Component
public class EnumValuePropertyCustomizer implements PropertyCustomizer {
    @Override
    public Schema customize(Schema property, AnnotatedType type) {
        if (property instanceof StringSchema && isEnumType(type)) {
            ObjectMapper objectMapper = Json.mapper();

            property.setEnum(Arrays.stream(((JavaType) type.getType()).getRawClass().getEnumConstants())
                    .map(e -> objectMapper.convertValue(e, String.class))
                    .collect(Collectors.toList()));
        }
        return property;
    }

    private boolean isEnumType(AnnotatedType type) {
        return type.getType() instanceof JavaType && ((JavaType) type.getType()).isEnumType();
    }
}

Answer 3

由于错误 #3998 in Swagger Core，@JsonValue 在 public 方法上处理正确，但在字段上处理不当。因此，添加 public 访问器方法将按预期工作：

public enum Suit {
    HEARTS("Hearts"), DIAMONDS("Diamonds"), CLUBS("Clubs"), SPADES("Spades");

    private final String jsonValue;

    Suit(String jsonValue) { this.jsonValue = jsonValue; }

    @JsonValue
    public String getJsonValue() {
        return jsonValue;
    }
}

springdoc-openapi 如何在不更改 toString 的情况下使用 @JsonValue 枚举格式？

How can have springdoc-openapi use the @JsonValue enum format without changing toString?

java

jackson

swagger

springdoc

springdoc-openapi-ui

可重现的例子

具有显式列表的特定于类型的定制器

使用 @JsonValue

使用 `@JsonValue`