如何在 Selenium 中处理 Firefox 打印对话框
How to handle Firefox print dialog box in Selenium
我有以下代码：
from selenium.webdriver import Firefox
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
url = 'https://finance.yahoo.com/'
driver_path = 'geckodriver.exe'
browser = Firefox(executable_path = driver_path)
browser.get(url)
profile.set_preference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk", "application/pdf")
profile.set_preference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.openFile", "application/pdf")
search_field_id = 'yfin-usr-qry'
element_search_field = browser.find_element_by_id(search_field_id)
element_search_field.clear()
element_search_field.send_keys('TSLA')
element_search_field.send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
action_chains = ActionChains(browser)
action_chains.key_down(Keys.CONTROL).send_keys('V').key_up(Keys.CONTROL).perform()
xpath_string = '/html/body/div[1]/div/div/div[1]/div/div[2]/div/div/div[6]/div/div/section/div/ul/li[2]/a/span'
element = browser.find_element_by_xpath(xpath_string)
action_chains.move_to_element(element).click().perform()
browser.execute_script('window.print();')
Firefox 弹出打印对话框。我在想我怎么能接受它。有没有办法绕过这个对话框直接打印，因为这不是系统对话框而是Firefox的。
编辑：
根据@Prophet
的输入，我的完整更新代码
from selenium.webdriver import Firefox
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.firefox_profile import FirefoxProfile
import time
from fake_useragent import UserAgent
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver import DesiredCapabilities
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
ua = UserAgent()
userAgent = ua.random
url = 'https://finance.yahoo.com/'
driver_path = 'geckodriver.exe'
profile = FirefoxProfile('C:\Users\\AppData\Roaming\Mozilla\Firefox\Profiles\tp3cz5dm.default-release')
profile.set_preference("general.useragent.override", userAgent)
browser = Firefox(executable_path = driver_path)
browser.get(url)
profile.set_preference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk", "application/pdf")
profile.set_preference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.openFile", "application/pdf")
search_field_id = 'yfin-usr-qry'
element_search_field = browser.find_element_by_id(search_field_id)
element_search_field.clear()
element_search_field.send_keys('TSLA')
element_search_field.send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
action_chains = ActionChains(browser)
action_chains.key_down(Keys.CONTROL).send_keys('V').key_up(Keys.CONTROL).perform()
# xpath_string = '/html/body/div[1]/div/div/div[1]/div/div[2]/div/div/div[6]/div/div/section/div/ul/li[2]/a/span'
# element = browser.find_element_by_xpath(xpath_string)
# action_chains.move_to_element(element).click().perform()
browser.execute_script('window.print();')
browser.switch_to.window(browser.window_handles[-1])
time.sleep(0.5)
actionButton = browser.execute_script(
"return document.querySelector('print-preview-app').shadowRoot.querySelector('#sidebar').shadowRoot.querySelector('print-preview-button-strip').shadowRoot.querySelector('.action-button')")
cancelButton.click()
# switch back to main window
browser.switch_to.window(driver.window_handles[0])
当我 运行 出现此错误时：
JavascriptException: TypeError: document.querySelector(...) is null
添加这些个人资料首选项应避免显示此弹出窗口：
profile.set_preference("print.always_print_silent", True)
profile.set_preference("print.show_print_progress", False)
UPD
涉及打印对话框后请尝试通过此代码接受它：
# switch to print preview window
driver.switch_to.window(driver.window_handles[-1])
time.sleep(0.5)
actionButton = driver.execute_script(
"return document.querySelector('print-preview-app').shadowRoot.querySelector('#sidebar').shadowRoot.querySelector('print-preview-button-strip').shadowRoot.querySelector('.action-button')")
cancelButton.click()
# switch back to main window
driver.switch_to.window(driver.window_handles[0])
下面的两种解决方案都不是启动print dialog.这些解决方案将活动网页打印到您的本地打印机或无需处理对话框的 PDF 文件。
已更新 POST 08-19-2021
我想将输出保存为 PDF 而不是打印到纸上。我很震惊使用 geckodriver 和 selenium 打印成 PDF 是多么困难。使用 'chromedriver' 可以调用 。 geckodriver 没有 'execute_cdp_cmd'.
当我浏览 Stack Overflow 寻找灵感时，我发现了多个关于使用 geckodriver 和 selenium 打印 pdf 的未决问题。在发现这是一个问题后，我查看了 selenium 中的问题和 mozilla 中的错误报告。这也是其他人遇到的问题。
一些错误报告提到打印过程中使用的某些开关不再起作用。
profile.set_preference("print.print_to_file", True)
profile.set_preference("print.print_to_filename", "/tmp/file.pdf")
我决定查看 source code for mozilla gecko-dev 以寻找可能的解决方案。经过几个小时的研究，我发现上面的开关被新的替换了，另一个打印机变量也被替换了。经过一些测试，我能够将您的网页另存为 PDF。
下面的代码会将启用所有链接的网页打印成 PDF。我建议在代码中添加一些错误处理。我需要改进文件名部分的代码的一部分。您应该能够添加一个重命名文件的功能，这将允许您在单个会话中打印任意数量的文件。
from time import sleep
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import FirefoxProfile
firefox_options = Options()
firefox_options.add_argument("--disable-infobars")
firefox_options.add_argument("--disable-extensions")
firefox_options.add_argument("--disable-popup-blocking")
profile_options = FirefoxProfile()
user_agent = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 11.5; rv:90.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/90.0'
profile_options.set_preference('profile_options = FirefoxProfile()', user_agent)
profile_options.set_preference("print_printer", "Mozilla Save to PDF")
profile_options.set_preference("print.always_print_silent", True)
profile_options.set_preference("print.show_print_progress", False)
profile_options.set_preference('print.save_as_pdf.links.enabled', True)
profile_options.set_preference("print.printer_Mozilla_Save_to_PDF.print_to_file", True)
# set your own file path
profile_options.set_preference('print.printer_Mozilla_Save_to_PDF.print_to_filename',
"tmp/testprint.pdf")
driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path='/usr/local/bin/geckodriver', options=firefox_options,
firefox_profile=profile_options)
URL = 'https://finance.yahoo.com/'
driver.get(URL)
sleep(10)
search_field_id = 'yfin-usr-qry'
element_search_field = driver.find_element_by_id(search_field_id)
element_search_field.clear()
element_search_field.send_keys('TSLA')
element_search_field.send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
sleep(10)
driver.execute_script("window.print()")
sleep(20)
driver.quit()
原版 POST 08-18-2021
我决定查看您的问题，因为我对 selenium 功能感兴趣。
我查看了geckodriver的源代码，发现printUtils.js，其中提供了打印过程中使用的开关的详细信息，例如：
firefox_options.set_preference("print.always_print_silent", True)
firefox_options.set_preference("print.show_print_progress", False)
删除您的一些代码并添加一些代码后，我能够使用以下代码打印到我的 HP 打印机，而无需处理打印对话框：
from time import sleep
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import FirefoxProfile
firefox_options = Options()
firefox_options.add_argument("--disable-infobars")
firefox_options.add_argument("--disable-extensions")
firefox_options.add_argument("--disable-popup-blocking")
profile_options = FirefoxProfile()
user_agent = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 11.5; rv:90.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/90.0'
firefox_options.set_preference('profile_options = FirefoxProfile()', user_agent)
firefox_options.set_preference("print.always_print_silent", True)
firefox_options.set_preference("print.show_print_progress", False)
firefox_options.set_preference("pdfjs.disabled", True)
driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path='/usr/local/bin/geckodriver', options=firefox_options)
URL = 'https://finance.yahoo.com/'
driver.get(URL)
sleep(10)
search_field_id = 'yfin-usr-qry'
element_search_field = driver.find_element_by_id(search_field_id)
element_search_field.clear()
element_search_field.send_keys('TSLA')
element_search_field.send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
sleep(10)
driver.execute_script("window.print()")
----------------------------------------
My system information
----------------------------------------
Platform: Apple
OS: 10.15.7
Python: 3.9
Selenium: 3.141
Firefox: 90.0.2
Geckodriver: 0.29.0
----------------------------------------
我有以下代码：
from selenium.webdriver import Firefox
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
url = 'https://finance.yahoo.com/'
driver_path = 'geckodriver.exe'
browser = Firefox(executable_path = driver_path)
browser.get(url)
profile.set_preference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk", "application/pdf")
profile.set_preference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.openFile", "application/pdf")
search_field_id = 'yfin-usr-qry'
element_search_field = browser.find_element_by_id(search_field_id)
element_search_field.clear()
element_search_field.send_keys('TSLA')
element_search_field.send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
action_chains = ActionChains(browser)
action_chains.key_down(Keys.CONTROL).send_keys('V').key_up(Keys.CONTROL).perform()
xpath_string = '/html/body/div[1]/div/div/div[1]/div/div[2]/div/div/div[6]/div/div/section/div/ul/li[2]/a/span'
element = browser.find_element_by_xpath(xpath_string)
action_chains.move_to_element(element).click().perform()
browser.execute_script('window.print();')
Firefox 弹出打印对话框。我在想我怎么能接受它。有没有办法绕过这个对话框直接打印，因为这不是系统对话框而是Firefox的。
编辑： 根据@Prophet
的输入，我的完整更新代码from selenium.webdriver import Firefox
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.firefox_profile import FirefoxProfile
import time
from fake_useragent import UserAgent
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver import DesiredCapabilities
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
ua = UserAgent()
userAgent = ua.random
url = 'https://finance.yahoo.com/'
driver_path = 'geckodriver.exe'
profile = FirefoxProfile('C:\Users\\AppData\Roaming\Mozilla\Firefox\Profiles\tp3cz5dm.default-release')
profile.set_preference("general.useragent.override", userAgent)
browser = Firefox(executable_path = driver_path)
browser.get(url)
profile.set_preference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk", "application/pdf")
profile.set_preference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.openFile", "application/pdf")
search_field_id = 'yfin-usr-qry'
element_search_field = browser.find_element_by_id(search_field_id)
element_search_field.clear()
element_search_field.send_keys('TSLA')
element_search_field.send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
action_chains = ActionChains(browser)
action_chains.key_down(Keys.CONTROL).send_keys('V').key_up(Keys.CONTROL).perform()
# xpath_string = '/html/body/div[1]/div/div/div[1]/div/div[2]/div/div/div[6]/div/div/section/div/ul/li[2]/a/span'
# element = browser.find_element_by_xpath(xpath_string)
# action_chains.move_to_element(element).click().perform()
browser.execute_script('window.print();')
browser.switch_to.window(browser.window_handles[-1])
time.sleep(0.5)
actionButton = browser.execute_script(
"return document.querySelector('print-preview-app').shadowRoot.querySelector('#sidebar').shadowRoot.querySelector('print-preview-button-strip').shadowRoot.querySelector('.action-button')")
cancelButton.click()
# switch back to main window
browser.switch_to.window(driver.window_handles[0])
当我 运行 出现此错误时：
JavascriptException: TypeError: document.querySelector(...) is null
添加这些个人资料首选项应避免显示此弹出窗口：
profile.set_preference("print.always_print_silent", True)
profile.set_preference("print.show_print_progress", False)
UPD
涉及打印对话框后请尝试通过此代码接受它：
# switch to print preview window
driver.switch_to.window(driver.window_handles[-1])
time.sleep(0.5)
actionButton = driver.execute_script(
"return document.querySelector('print-preview-app').shadowRoot.querySelector('#sidebar').shadowRoot.querySelector('print-preview-button-strip').shadowRoot.querySelector('.action-button')")
cancelButton.click()
# switch back to main window
driver.switch_to.window(driver.window_handles[0])
下面的两种解决方案都不是启动print dialog.这些解决方案将活动网页打印到您的本地打印机或无需处理对话框的 PDF 文件。
已更新 POST 08-19-2021
我想将输出保存为 PDF 而不是打印到纸上。我很震惊使用 geckodriver 和 selenium 打印成 PDF 是多么困难。使用 'chromedriver' 可以调用 geckodriver 没有 'execute_cdp_cmd'.
当我浏览 Stack Overflow 寻找灵感时，我发现了多个关于使用 geckodriver 和 selenium 打印 pdf 的未决问题。在发现这是一个问题后，我查看了 selenium 中的问题和 mozilla 中的错误报告。这也是其他人遇到的问题。
一些错误报告提到打印过程中使用的某些开关不再起作用。
profile.set_preference("print.print_to_file", True)
profile.set_preference("print.print_to_filename", "/tmp/file.pdf")
我决定查看 source code for mozilla gecko-dev 以寻找可能的解决方案。经过几个小时的研究，我发现上面的开关被新的替换了，另一个打印机变量也被替换了。经过一些测试，我能够将您的网页另存为 PDF。
下面的代码会将启用所有链接的网页打印成 PDF。我建议在代码中添加一些错误处理。我需要改进文件名部分的代码的一部分。您应该能够添加一个重命名文件的功能，这将允许您在单个会话中打印任意数量的文件。
from time import sleep
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import FirefoxProfile
firefox_options = Options()
firefox_options.add_argument("--disable-infobars")
firefox_options.add_argument("--disable-extensions")
firefox_options.add_argument("--disable-popup-blocking")
profile_options = FirefoxProfile()
user_agent = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 11.5; rv:90.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/90.0'
profile_options.set_preference('profile_options = FirefoxProfile()', user_agent)
profile_options.set_preference("print_printer", "Mozilla Save to PDF")
profile_options.set_preference("print.always_print_silent", True)
profile_options.set_preference("print.show_print_progress", False)
profile_options.set_preference('print.save_as_pdf.links.enabled', True)
profile_options.set_preference("print.printer_Mozilla_Save_to_PDF.print_to_file", True)
# set your own file path
profile_options.set_preference('print.printer_Mozilla_Save_to_PDF.print_to_filename',
"tmp/testprint.pdf")
driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path='/usr/local/bin/geckodriver', options=firefox_options,
firefox_profile=profile_options)
URL = 'https://finance.yahoo.com/'
driver.get(URL)
sleep(10)
search_field_id = 'yfin-usr-qry'
element_search_field = driver.find_element_by_id(search_field_id)
element_search_field.clear()
element_search_field.send_keys('TSLA')
element_search_field.send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
sleep(10)
driver.execute_script("window.print()")
sleep(20)
driver.quit()
原版 POST 08-18-2021
我决定查看您的问题，因为我对 selenium 功能感兴趣。
我查看了geckodriver的源代码，发现printUtils.js，其中提供了打印过程中使用的开关的详细信息，例如：
firefox_options.set_preference("print.always_print_silent", True)
firefox_options.set_preference("print.show_print_progress", False)
删除您的一些代码并添加一些代码后，我能够使用以下代码打印到我的 HP 打印机，而无需处理打印对话框：
from time import sleep
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import FirefoxProfile
firefox_options = Options()
firefox_options.add_argument("--disable-infobars")
firefox_options.add_argument("--disable-extensions")
firefox_options.add_argument("--disable-popup-blocking")
profile_options = FirefoxProfile()
user_agent = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 11.5; rv:90.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/90.0'
firefox_options.set_preference('profile_options = FirefoxProfile()', user_agent)
firefox_options.set_preference("print.always_print_silent", True)
firefox_options.set_preference("print.show_print_progress", False)
firefox_options.set_preference("pdfjs.disabled", True)
driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path='/usr/local/bin/geckodriver', options=firefox_options)
URL = 'https://finance.yahoo.com/'
driver.get(URL)
sleep(10)
search_field_id = 'yfin-usr-qry'
element_search_field = driver.find_element_by_id(search_field_id)
element_search_field.clear()
element_search_field.send_keys('TSLA')
element_search_field.send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
sleep(10)
driver.execute_script("window.print()")
----------------------------------------
My system information
----------------------------------------
Platform: Apple
OS: 10.15.7
Python: 3.9
Selenium: 3.141
Firefox: 90.0.2
Geckodriver: 0.29.0
----------------------------------------