使用按键单击时如何更改pyqt5中的按钮文本
How to change button text in pyqt5 when clicked with keypress
所以目前我正在 PyQt5 中创建数独游戏。所以，到目前为止，我有 Board.py 只生成新的板。目前我正在研究Play.py，它应该能够点击空白方块并能够通过按下键盘按钮（按键）来改变它。在 Play.py 我已经完成了所有的事情——所有的数字都被放入了一个面板中，我可以点击按钮并启动一个按键。但是，按照我的编码方式，所有按钮都存储在一个列表中（我这样做是因为我希望代码看起来干净）并且它只更新最后一个按钮。我希望它更新最近单击的按钮，而不是更新最后一个按钮。
我已经尝试了很多东西，但我目前已经缩小到的范围是在所有按钮列表中找到按钮的位置 (all_buttons) 并从那里做一些事情，但我没有当然。那么，我怎样才能将按键按下并放入最近按下的按钮中呢？
这里是Board.py。它只是生成不需要查看的新板。
import random
import numpy as np
# populates a row in random spaces
def populate():
row = [0] * 9
num_in_box = random.randint(3, 6)
while True:
spot = random.randint(0, 8)
r = random.randint(1, 9)
if r not in row:
row[spot] = r
if row.count(0) == (9 - num_in_box):
break
return row
# populates a grid in random spaces - has duplicates in column, row and box
mapped = list()
for x in range(9): mapped.append(populate())
# checks every number in column and row and returns numbers in list
def col_row_nums(array, row, col):
check_col = [j for j in array[:, col] if j != 0]
check_row = [i for i in array[row] if i != 0]
if array[row][col] in check_col:
check_col.remove(array[row][col])
return check_col + check_row
# checks every number box and returns numbers in list
def box_nums(array, box_row):
reshaped_box = np.reshape(array, (27, 3))
list_boxes_in_rows = list()
for a in range(3):
for b in range(3):
for c in range(3):
p2 = list(np.reshape((reshaped_box[c::3]), (3, 9)))
for d in range(3): list_boxes_in_rows.append(p2[a])
array_boxes_in_rows = np.array(list_boxes_in_rows)
return [k for k in array_boxes_in_rows[box_row] if k != 0]
# removes any duplicates so each column, row and box all have only one set of numbers 1 - 9
def finalize_board():
box_rows_num = -1
for x in range(9):
for y in range(9):
box_rows_num += 1
arr = np.array(mapped)
possible_nums = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
col_row_duplicates = list()
box_duplicates = list()
used_nums = set(col_row_nums(arr, x, y)) | set(box_nums(arr, box_rows_num))
for w in used_nums:
col_row_count = col_row_nums(arr, x, y).count(w)
box_count = box_nums(arr, box_rows_num).count(w)
if col_row_count > 1: col_row_duplicates.append(w)
if box_count > 1: box_duplicates.append(w)
if mapped[x][y] in col_row_duplicates or mapped[x][y] in box_duplicates:
remaining_nums = list(set(possible_nums) - set(used_nums))
if len(remaining_nums) > 0: mapped[x][y] = random.choice(remaining_nums)
return mapped
接下来是Play.Py.
import sys
from pynput import keyboard
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets as qtw
from PyQt5 import QtCore as qtc
from PyQt5 import QtGui as qtg
import Board
class MainWindow(qtw.QWidget):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
all_buttons = list()
layout = qtw.QGridLayout()
layout.setSpacing(0)
board = Board.finalize_board()
y_num = -1
for x, rows in enumerate(board):
for y, cell in enumerate(rows):
y += 1
if cell == 0: cell = ' '
button = qtw.QPushButton(str(cell), self)
button.setFixedHeight(100)
button.setFixedWidth(100)
layout.addWidget(button, x, y)
if cell == ' ':
button.clicked.connect(lambda: pressed())
button.setStyleSheet('QPushButton {background-color: #e3efff; color: black;}')
else:
button.setEnabled(False)
button.setStyleSheet('QPushButton {background-color: #ebebeb; color: black;}')
all_buttons.append(button)
def pressed():
with keyboard.Events() as events:
# maybe - ?? HOW TO RETURN POSITION OF BUTTON IN ALL_BUTTONS
event = events.get(1e6)
x = event.key
print(str(x))
button.setText(str(x))
self.setLayout(layout)
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
self.show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = qtw.QApplication(sys.argv)
w = MainWindow()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
你快到了。使用 keyPressEvent click here.
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QWidget)
from PyQt5.Qt import Qt
class MainWindow(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
def keyPressEvent(self, event):
print(chr(event.key()))
def test_method(self):
print('Space key pressed')
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
demo = MainWindow()
demo.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
event.key() 总是 return 一个整数。您可以使用内置的 chr(int) 函数来获取密钥，问题是我们无法识别字母和数字以外的密钥。如果您还需要其他键，请使用条件。
def keyPressEvent(self, event):
if event.key() == Qt.Key_Space:
print("Space pressed")
# Qt.Key_Shift for shift key, Qt.Key_Control for Ctrl key.
这是最终代码： 阅读 edit2
import sys
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets as qtw
from PyQt5 import QtCore as qtc
from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSlot
from PyQt5 import QtGui as qtg
import Board
class MainWindow(qtw.QWidget):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
all_buttons = list()
layout = qtw.QGridLayout(self)
layout.setSpacing(0)
board = Board.finalize_board()
y_num = -1
for x, rows in enumerate(board):
for y, cell in enumerate(rows):
y += 1
if cell == 0: cell = ' '
button = qtw.QPushButton(str(cell), self)
button.setFixedHeight(100)
button.setFixedWidth(100)
layout.addWidget(button, x, y)
if cell == ' ':
button.setCursor(qtc.Qt.PointingHandCursor)
button.mousePressEvent = lambda event: self.mousePressEvent(event)
button.setStyleSheet('QPushButton {background-color: #e3efff; color: black;}')
else:
button.setEnabled(False)
button.setStyleSheet('QPushButton {background-color: #ebebeb; color: black;}')
all_buttons.append(button)
self.last_clicked = ''
self.setLayout(layout)
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
self.show()
def keyPressEvent(self, event):
k = (chr(event.key()))
self.last_clicked.setText(k)
self.last_clicked.setStyleSheet("background-color: #e3efff; color: black;")
def mousePressEvent(self, event):
widget = self.childAt(event.pos())
widget.setStyleSheet("background-color: #e3efff; color: black; border: 1px solid red")
print(widget.pos())
self.last_clicked = widget
return qtw.QWidget.mousePressEvent(self, event)
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = qtw.QApplication(sys.argv)
w = MainWindow()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
现在当您按下一个键时，它会更新最近单击的按钮的文本。除了 keyPressEvent 和 setText function
，您可能想添加一些尝试
编辑 2：
我不完全知道为什么第一个按钮被选中，我猜 mousePressEvent 有问题。它首先 return 是第一个小部件，然后是被单击的实际按钮。我调整了一些东西，现在可以正常工作了。
我改变的东西：
我创建了一个新列表 self.available_buttons。它包含所有 empty/clickable 个按钮。
只要按下一个空按钮，代码就会遍历列表并搜索 last_clicked 小部件。如果找到 last_clicked 小部件，它会突出显示该按钮并将所有其他按钮更改为正常（无边框颜色）。
class MainWindow(qtw.QWidget):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
all_buttons = list() # contains all buttons
self.available_buttons = list() # contains clickable buttons
layout = qtw.QGridLayout(self)
layout.setSpacing(0)
board = Board.finalize_board()
y_num = -1
for x, rows in enumerate(board):
for y, cell in enumerate(rows):
y += 1
if cell == 0: cell = ' '
button = qtw.QPushButton(str(cell), self)
button.setFixedHeight(100)
button.setFixedWidth(100)
layout.addWidget(button, x, y)
if cell == ' ':
button.setCursor(qtc.Qt.PointingHandCursor)
button.mousePressEvent = lambda event: self.mousePressEvent(event)
button.setStyleSheet('QPushButton {background-color: #e3efff; color: black;}')
self.available_buttons.append(button) # appends empty buttons to the list
else:
button.setEnabled(False)
button.setStyleSheet('QPushButton {background-color: #ebebeb; color: black;}')
all_buttons.append(button)
self.last_clicked = ''
self.setLayout(layout)
self.show()
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
def keyPressEvent(self, event):
k = (chr(event.key()))
self.last_clicked.setText(k)
self.last_clicked.setStyleSheet("background-color: #e3efff; color: black;")
def mousePressEvent(self, event):
widget = self.childAt(event.pos())
self.last_clicked = widget
for button in self.available_buttons: #searches for clicked button
if widget == button:
button.setStyleSheet("background-color: #e3efff; color: black; border: 1px solid red") # adds border to clicked button
else:
button.setStyleSheet("background-color: #e3efff; color: black;") # all the other buttons go back to their normal state
return qtw.QWidget.mousePressEvent(self, event)
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
所以目前我正在 PyQt5 中创建数独游戏。所以，到目前为止，我有 Board.py 只生成新的板。目前我正在研究Play.py，它应该能够点击空白方块并能够通过按下键盘按钮（按键）来改变它。在 Play.py 我已经完成了所有的事情——所有的数字都被放入了一个面板中，我可以点击按钮并启动一个按键。但是，按照我的编码方式，所有按钮都存储在一个列表中（我这样做是因为我希望代码看起来干净）并且它只更新最后一个按钮。我希望它更新最近单击的按钮，而不是更新最后一个按钮。
我已经尝试了很多东西，但我目前已经缩小到的范围是在所有按钮列表中找到按钮的位置 (all_buttons) 并从那里做一些事情，但我没有当然。那么，我怎样才能将按键按下并放入最近按下的按钮中呢？
这里是Board.py。它只是生成不需要查看的新板。
import random
import numpy as np
# populates a row in random spaces
def populate():
row = [0] * 9
num_in_box = random.randint(3, 6)
while True:
spot = random.randint(0, 8)
r = random.randint(1, 9)
if r not in row:
row[spot] = r
if row.count(0) == (9 - num_in_box):
break
return row
# populates a grid in random spaces - has duplicates in column, row and box
mapped = list()
for x in range(9): mapped.append(populate())
# checks every number in column and row and returns numbers in list
def col_row_nums(array, row, col):
check_col = [j for j in array[:, col] if j != 0]
check_row = [i for i in array[row] if i != 0]
if array[row][col] in check_col:
check_col.remove(array[row][col])
return check_col + check_row
# checks every number box and returns numbers in list
def box_nums(array, box_row):
reshaped_box = np.reshape(array, (27, 3))
list_boxes_in_rows = list()
for a in range(3):
for b in range(3):
for c in range(3):
p2 = list(np.reshape((reshaped_box[c::3]), (3, 9)))
for d in range(3): list_boxes_in_rows.append(p2[a])
array_boxes_in_rows = np.array(list_boxes_in_rows)
return [k for k in array_boxes_in_rows[box_row] if k != 0]
# removes any duplicates so each column, row and box all have only one set of numbers 1 - 9
def finalize_board():
box_rows_num = -1
for x in range(9):
for y in range(9):
box_rows_num += 1
arr = np.array(mapped)
possible_nums = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
col_row_duplicates = list()
box_duplicates = list()
used_nums = set(col_row_nums(arr, x, y)) | set(box_nums(arr, box_rows_num))
for w in used_nums:
col_row_count = col_row_nums(arr, x, y).count(w)
box_count = box_nums(arr, box_rows_num).count(w)
if col_row_count > 1: col_row_duplicates.append(w)
if box_count > 1: box_duplicates.append(w)
if mapped[x][y] in col_row_duplicates or mapped[x][y] in box_duplicates:
remaining_nums = list(set(possible_nums) - set(used_nums))
if len(remaining_nums) > 0: mapped[x][y] = random.choice(remaining_nums)
return mapped
接下来是Play.Py.
import sys
from pynput import keyboard
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets as qtw
from PyQt5 import QtCore as qtc
from PyQt5 import QtGui as qtg
import Board
class MainWindow(qtw.QWidget):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
all_buttons = list()
layout = qtw.QGridLayout()
layout.setSpacing(0)
board = Board.finalize_board()
y_num = -1
for x, rows in enumerate(board):
for y, cell in enumerate(rows):
y += 1
if cell == 0: cell = ' '
button = qtw.QPushButton(str(cell), self)
button.setFixedHeight(100)
button.setFixedWidth(100)
layout.addWidget(button, x, y)
if cell == ' ':
button.clicked.connect(lambda: pressed())
button.setStyleSheet('QPushButton {background-color: #e3efff; color: black;}')
else:
button.setEnabled(False)
button.setStyleSheet('QPushButton {background-color: #ebebeb; color: black;}')
all_buttons.append(button)
def pressed():
with keyboard.Events() as events:
# maybe - ?? HOW TO RETURN POSITION OF BUTTON IN ALL_BUTTONS
event = events.get(1e6)
x = event.key
print(str(x))
button.setText(str(x))
self.setLayout(layout)
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
self.show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = qtw.QApplication(sys.argv)
w = MainWindow()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
你快到了。使用 keyPressEvent click here.
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QWidget)
from PyQt5.Qt import Qt
class MainWindow(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
def keyPressEvent(self, event):
print(chr(event.key()))
def test_method(self):
print('Space key pressed')
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
demo = MainWindow()
demo.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
event.key() 总是 return 一个整数。您可以使用内置的 chr(int) 函数来获取密钥，问题是我们无法识别字母和数字以外的密钥。如果您还需要其他键，请使用条件。
def keyPressEvent(self, event):
if event.key() == Qt.Key_Space:
print("Space pressed")
# Qt.Key_Shift for shift key, Qt.Key_Control for Ctrl key.
这是最终代码： 阅读 edit2
import sys
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets as qtw
from PyQt5 import QtCore as qtc
from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSlot
from PyQt5 import QtGui as qtg
import Board
class MainWindow(qtw.QWidget):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
all_buttons = list()
layout = qtw.QGridLayout(self)
layout.setSpacing(0)
board = Board.finalize_board()
y_num = -1
for x, rows in enumerate(board):
for y, cell in enumerate(rows):
y += 1
if cell == 0: cell = ' '
button = qtw.QPushButton(str(cell), self)
button.setFixedHeight(100)
button.setFixedWidth(100)
layout.addWidget(button, x, y)
if cell == ' ':
button.setCursor(qtc.Qt.PointingHandCursor)
button.mousePressEvent = lambda event: self.mousePressEvent(event)
button.setStyleSheet('QPushButton {background-color: #e3efff; color: black;}')
else:
button.setEnabled(False)
button.setStyleSheet('QPushButton {background-color: #ebebeb; color: black;}')
all_buttons.append(button)
self.last_clicked = ''
self.setLayout(layout)
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
self.show()
def keyPressEvent(self, event):
k = (chr(event.key()))
self.last_clicked.setText(k)
self.last_clicked.setStyleSheet("background-color: #e3efff; color: black;")
def mousePressEvent(self, event):
widget = self.childAt(event.pos())
widget.setStyleSheet("background-color: #e3efff; color: black; border: 1px solid red")
print(widget.pos())
self.last_clicked = widget
return qtw.QWidget.mousePressEvent(self, event)
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = qtw.QApplication(sys.argv)
w = MainWindow()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
现在当您按下一个键时，它会更新最近单击的按钮的文本。除了 keyPressEvent 和 setText function
编辑 2：
我不完全知道为什么第一个按钮被选中，我猜 mousePressEvent 有问题。它首先 return 是第一个小部件，然后是被单击的实际按钮。我调整了一些东西，现在可以正常工作了。
我改变的东西：
我创建了一个新列表
self.available_buttons。它包含所有 empty/clickable 个按钮。只要按下一个空按钮，代码就会遍历列表并搜索
last_clicked小部件。如果找到last_clicked小部件，它会突出显示该按钮并将所有其他按钮更改为正常（无边框颜色）。
class MainWindow(qtw.QWidget):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
all_buttons = list() # contains all buttons
self.available_buttons = list() # contains clickable buttons
layout = qtw.QGridLayout(self)
layout.setSpacing(0)
board = Board.finalize_board()
y_num = -1
for x, rows in enumerate(board):
for y, cell in enumerate(rows):
y += 1
if cell == 0: cell = ' '
button = qtw.QPushButton(str(cell), self)
button.setFixedHeight(100)
button.setFixedWidth(100)
layout.addWidget(button, x, y)
if cell == ' ':
button.setCursor(qtc.Qt.PointingHandCursor)
button.mousePressEvent = lambda event: self.mousePressEvent(event)
button.setStyleSheet('QPushButton {background-color: #e3efff; color: black;}')
self.available_buttons.append(button) # appends empty buttons to the list
else:
button.setEnabled(False)
button.setStyleSheet('QPushButton {background-color: #ebebeb; color: black;}')
all_buttons.append(button)
self.last_clicked = ''
self.setLayout(layout)
self.show()
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
def keyPressEvent(self, event):
k = (chr(event.key()))
self.last_clicked.setText(k)
self.last_clicked.setStyleSheet("background-color: #e3efff; color: black;")
def mousePressEvent(self, event):
widget = self.childAt(event.pos())
self.last_clicked = widget
for button in self.available_buttons: #searches for clicked button
if widget == button:
button.setStyleSheet("background-color: #e3efff; color: black; border: 1px solid red") # adds border to clicked button
else:
button.setStyleSheet("background-color: #e3efff; color: black;") # all the other buttons go back to their normal state
return qtw.QWidget.mousePressEvent(self, event)
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------